高湿度条件下分解臭氧的锰催化剂

分别以硝酸锰和乙酸锰为前体 ,用浸渍法制备了MnOx γ Al2 O3催化剂 ,考察了它们对高湿度高浓度臭氧的催化分解性能。分析了在不同的温度煅烧和用不同的前体制备的催化剂上的氧化锰的形态。实验表明 ,以乙酸锰为前体 ,在 4 0 0℃煅烧得到的催化剂的臭氧催化分解活性最高 ,保持 95 %的臭氧分解率 ,其使用寿命在 10 0h以上 ,该催化剂上锰的主要形态为Mn2 O3,在载体上分散性最好     

疏水催化剂用于水中氚回收的实验研究

本文简要介绍了自制的几种疏水催化剂的主要特性，采用这些催化剂进行了室温下的Ｈ－Ｔ同位素交换实验，初步考察了氢气流速对催化活性的影响。实验表明，催化剂的催化活性较高，能够用于室温下从氚水中回收氚     

突发生产事故应急演练设计

针对当前突发事件应急演练存在的策划方面尚无统一标准、组织实施缺失执行规范等问题,在综合考察国内外演练设计相关成果基础上,从应急处置实际出发提出以突发事件情景构建、“责任人—资源—措施—事故应对”匹配、演练其他相关问题为要点的突发生产事故应急演练准备模式,并借助石化企业二甲苯泄漏模拟处置实例建立了以桌面推演、模拟测试及过程评估为核心的突发生产事故应急演练实施方法。廓清了突发生产事故应急演练的思路、方法和步骤,对企业组织开展应急演练和有效处置突发事件具有重要借鉴价值。     

常介孔型磁性离子交换树脂的制备及其效能——针对典型藻源含氮有机物

以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为单体,利用单体聚合法制备了介孔型磁性离子交换树脂(m-MIER),并在表征其基本性状的基础上,初步分析了其对典型藻源含氮有机物(藻蓝蛋白、氨基酸)的去除效能.为便于比较,研究过程中同步进行了磁性离子交换树脂(MIEX^®)的研究.研究结果表明,m-MIER是以氯为交换基团的介孔型材料,其孔径为2~60nm;与MIEX^®相比,m-MIER具有相似的湿视密度、粒径,更丰富的孔隙结构、更大的交换容量(1.15g/cm³, 150~200 μm, 0.1852cm³/g, 3.16mmol/g Vs 1.20g/cm³, 150~180 μm, 0.0184cm³/g, 2.23mmol/g);XPS图谱分析结果表明其内核成分主要为Fe₃O₄,且为季胺型阴离子交换树脂.针对藻源含氮有机物的去除结果表明,m-MIER对藻蓝蛋白、特定氨基酸的去除效果明显优于MIEX^®,且去除效果与氨基酸的种类显著相关.     

Ce(x)Mn/TiO2-y催化剂低温NH3-SCR脱硝性能

以锐钛矿TiO₂(P25)为载体采用原位生长法负载锰氧化物制备了Mn/TiO₂催化剂,再以等体积浸渍-煅烧法对该催化剂掺杂氧化铈制备Ce(x)Mn/TiO₂-y催化剂用以烟气低温SCR脱硝.在固定锰负载量(质量分数为8%)的基础上,考察了铈掺杂量(铈锰摩尔比)、煅烧温度对催化剂SCR脱硝性能的影响.采用TEM、BET、XRD和XPS等手段表征了催化剂的理化结构特性.结果发现,当Ce/Mn的摩尔比例为1.0,煅烧温度为300℃时,Ce(1.0)Mn/TiO₂-300催化剂在150—300℃温度范围内、10500—27000 h^-1的空速范围内,能够保持90%以上的NO转化率.理化性能分析结果表明,煅烧温度对催化剂的微观形貌影响显著,随着煅烧温度的升高,Ce(1.0)Mn/TiO₂-500催化剂活性物种颗粒集聚明显、比表面积降低,且锰氧化物价态分布偏向于低价态;铈的掺杂有助于Ce(1.0)Mn/TiO₂-300催化剂活性物种在载体表面的均匀分散,可以促进产生更多的Mn4+物种和更多的吸附氧,有利于催化剂低温SCR脱硝性能的提升.     

含硼聚硅酸硫酸铁锌复合絮凝剂的制备及性能

制备了含硼聚硅酸硫酸铁锌复合絮凝剂(PSFZB),研究了硅酸钠溶液浓度、硅酸聚合时间、Fe/Si、Zn/Si、B/Si等因素对絮凝效果的影响,通过正交试验确定最佳制备工艺条件。试验结果表明,研制的PSFZB絮凝剂具有很好的稳定性和较佳的处理效果,适用的pH范围广,是一种较PAC、PFC优良的絮凝剂。     

CWAO处理亚甲蓝水溶液中催化剂的筛选

CWAO（催化湿式氧化）技术处理COD为2 g/L的亚甲蓝水溶液过程中,实验对18种可溶盐进行了广泛而细致的研究.可溶盐投加量以金属离子计50 mg/L,实验得出Cu^2＋、Cr^3＋、Fe^2＋、Zr^4＋具有较好的催化活性;进而对Cr-Cu、Fe-Cu、Zr-Cu组合进行3∶1、1∶1、1∶3的配比实验研究.结果表明配比是1∶1的催化剂催化性能最强,其次是1∶3的配方,再次是3∶1的配方;对较优的催化剂,实验得出了它们催化性能由高到低的排列顺序.铜催化作用下, 在较温和的条件120℃、 1.0 MPa下反应120 min,水样COD去除率达到91.1%,脱色率达到99.92%.     

两种铈锆-氧化铝载体对载Pd催化剂性能的影响

分别以柠檬酸溶胶法和浸渍法制备了两种三氧化二铝负载的铈锆复合氧化物(CZ/A),考察了它们对载Pd三效催化剂性能的影响.发现柠檬酸法样品催化氧化CO和C3H6的活性大大优于浸渍法样品,NO的转化活性二者接近.表征结果显示,在柠檬酸法样品中,CZ以紧密的片层状结构覆盖在氧化铝上,而在浸渍法样品中,CZ呈疏松的颗粒状,这就导致在柠檬酸法样品样品上CZ具有更大的分散度,近而具有更多的Pd-CZ活性位.而且,对于柠檬酸法样品,高温老化后铈锆晶相稳定,无晶相分离,比表面积下降较小,催化剂自身的氧化还原性能更好.这些都使其表现出了更好的催化活性,特别是氧化活性.     

Characteristics and mechanisms of 4A zeolite supported nanoparticulate zero-valent iron as Fenton-like catalyst to degrade methylene blue

4A zeolite supported nanoparticulate zero-valent iron (nZVI/4A zeolite), synthesized through borohydride reduction method, was used as a catalyst with H₂O₂ to build Fenton-like reaction system to degrade methylene blue (MB) in model wastewater. The characteristics and primary mechanisms of the catalyst were investigated. The results show that nZVI/4A zeolite has the potential as a Fenton-like catalyst, and (about 30 mg/L) MB was degraded completely in 3 h with 10 mM H₂O₂, 0.2 g/L catalyst, and initial pH of 3.0. The MB degradation rates were obtained at least 70% in the tests with initial pH ranged from 2.0 to 9.0 and the catalyst dose rose from 0.2 to 5.0 g/L. Importantly, the catalyst also has a distinctive ability to increase the solution pH value from its initial acidic pH and then maintain the value at close to neutrality. This ability was controlled by both the initial pH and the catalyst dose. MB degradation clarified that hydroxyl radical was the dominated active oxidative specie in the tests with initial acidic pH and low catalyst dose (less 2.5 g/L); otherwise, Fe(VI) oxidation was the main mechanism for MB degradation; and the two processes shared synergistic effect in MB degradation in the present test. The catalyst has high operational stability in both of the composites with low iron leaching (less 2%) and catalyzing ability. Therefore, nZVI/4A zeolite has great potential as a Fenton-like catalyst and is used with H₂O₂ to build Fenton-like system which could be used to degrade MB efficiently.     

Iron-doped copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate as photo-Fenton catalyst for degradation of methylene blue

Abstract

A metal-organic framework of iron-doped copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate was synthesized and, for the first time, utilized as a heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst for degradation of methylene blue dye in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. The synthesized materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The influence factors, kinetics, and stability of the synthesized catalysts were investigated in detail. Iron-doped copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate showed higher degradation efficiency than pure copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate. An almost complete degradation was achieved within 70?min under visible light irradiation at a solution pH of 6, a catalyst loading of 1?g?L^?1, a H₂O₂ dosage of 0.05?mol L^?1 and methylene blue concentration of 50?mg?L^?1. Recycling studies demonstrated that the iron-doped copper 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate is a promising heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst for long-term removal of methylene blue dye from industrial wastewater.