ICP/MS法测定酸雨中的Pb

采用 ICP/MS法分析酸雨中的 Pb元素 ,在优化的工作条件下 ,研究可能的干扰影响及选择合适的内标元素( Y89) ,同时测定 Pb的同位比以确定大气中 Pb的污染。 Pb的检出限 0 .0 0 2～ 0 .0 0 3ppb,相对标准偏差 0 .0 2 %～ 2 .0 1%     

物化—生化组合工艺在鱼油工业废水处理中的应用

针对鱼油工业废水排放特点及处理技术难点，结合实例，采用混凝、破乳进行物化预处理；采用A／O生化处理技术，提出合适的工艺流程。     

Effect of catalyzed diesel particulate filter and its catalyst loading on emission characteristics of a non-road diesel engine

In this study, the effects of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) coupled with a catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) with different catalyst loadings on the power, fuel consumption, gaseous and particulate emissions from a non-road diesel engine were investigated. Results showed that the after-treatment had a negligible effect on the power and fuel consumption. The reduction effect of the DOC on the CO and hydrocarbon (HC) increased with the engine load. Further reductions occurred coupling with the CDPF. Increasing the catalyst loading resulted in a more significant reduction in the HC emissions than CO emissions. The DOC could increase the NO₂ proportion to 37.9%, and more NO₂ was produced when coupled with the CDPF below 250°C; above 250°C, more NO₂ was consumed. The after-treatment could reduce more than 99% of the particle number (PN) and 98% of the particle mass (PM). Further reductions in the PN and PM occurred with a higher CDPF catalyst loading. The DOC had a better reduction effect on the nucleation particles than the accumulation ones, but the trend reversed with the CDPF. The DOC shifted the particle size distribution (PSD) to larger particles with an accumulation particle proportion increasing from 13% to 20%, and the geometric mean diameter (GMD) increased from 18.2 to 26.0 nm. The trend reversed with the CDPF and the accumulation particle proportion declined to less than 10%. A lower catalyst loading on the CDPF led to a higher proportion of nucleation particles and a smaller GMD.     

多级A/O工艺在国内的应用现状

多级A/O工艺目前在国内市政和部分工业污水处理领域应用较多,具有预处理和污泥处理系统简单,污泥负荷低、处理效果好且稳定,投资低,曝气系统效率高、运行成本较低,维护管理简便等特点,但是在实际运行中也发现存在一些问题,如土池结构不适合地下水位高的地区的局限性,沉淀池效果较差、稳定池多余占地且污泥淤积难以清除,关键设备国产质量有待提高,工业污水处理少数水质指标偏高,需要设计人员选择适合其条件的场合应用,并进一步总结、改进和完善.     

锂离子电池正极材料的回收及再制备

通过湿化学法从废旧锂离子电池中回收得到Li+、Co2+的硝酸溶液,以此为钴源,与Ni(NO3)2.6H2O、Mn(NO3)2按化学计量比混合,用草酸盐共沉淀法制备草酸盐前驱体,然后按Li过量5%加入Li2CO3混合,在空气中于800～950°C煅烧15 h得LiCo1/3Mn1/3Ni1/3O2,研究了煅烧温度对材料结构、形貌以及电化学性能的影响。结果表明,900℃保温15 h制备的LiCo1/3Mn1/3Ni1/3O2正极材料,为理想的(α-NaFeO2层状结构,颗粒为大小均匀的球形,在2.5～4.3 V的电压范围内,以0.1 C的恒定电流进行充放电,其首次充放电比容量分别为194.3和150.9 mAh/g,10次循环之后的容量保持率为89.9%,放电比容量为135.0 mAh/g。     

Catalytic dechlorination of o-chlorophenol by nanoscale Pd/Fe

IntroductionTheuseofzerovalentironforthetreatmentofchlorinatedorganiccompounds (COCs )inwaterandgroundwaterhasbeenthefocusofmuchrecentresearch .Thestudieswereconcernedwithcompoundssuchascarbontetrachloride(Bradley ,1995 ) ,trichloroethene(Orth ,1996 ;Chen ,2 0 0 1)andpesticidesandrelatedcompounds(Sayles,1997;Monson ,1998;Eykholt,2 0 0 1;Dombek ,2 0 0 1) .Whenironisincontactwithalessreductivemetal,themetalcouplecanformgalvaniccells.ThishasledtothediscoveryofPd Febimetalliccomplexinwhichpal…     

Catalytic dechlorination of chlorobenzene in water by Pd/Fe bimetallic system

IntroductionChlorinatedorganiccompoundshavebeenusedonalargescaleinthechemical,petrochemical,andelectronicindustries.Inrecentyears ,worldwideattentionhasbeengiventotheenvironmentalandhealthimpactofthemasaclassofcontaminants .Severalareknowntocauseozonedepletion ,whileothersproduceadverseeffectsonthehumancentralnervoussystemandhavebeenlinkedtodiseasessuchascancer.Almostallofthechlorinatedaromaticcompoundsaretoxicandthermallystable .Oncereleasedintoenvironment,theywillaccumulateinthesurroundings…     

上海市大气PM2.5中溶剂可抽提有机物的特征研究

利用溶剂抽提、分离、毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用技术对2000年10月至2001年8月上海市5个不同功能区采集的大气PM_(2.5)样品中的溶剂可抽提有机物进行了检测,共检测出正构烷烃、单环芳烃、多环芳烃、有机酸、有机醇、有机酯等各类溶剂可抽提有机化合物267种。检出的82种多环芳烃中有15种属于美国EPA优先控制污染物名单。比较了不同季节、不同区域PM_(2.5)样品中正构烷烃、多环芳烃等化合物分布特征的差异。检出的喹啉类含氮杂环类化合物以及有机酸等污染物表现出一定的机动车排放特征。     

催化裂化废水连续萃取脱酚研究

选用焦化粗柴油为萃取剂，在转盘萃取搭连续试验装置中，对催化裂化含酚废水进行脱酚预处理。结果表明，用焦化粗柴油做萃取剂，进水ｐＨ值为８０～９０不加调节；油水比（体积比）１７∶１～２１∶１；转盘转数１１００ｒ／ｍｉｎ，酚萃取脱除率达到８５％以上。萃取后的粗柴油依据现有工艺而进行加氢精制，不需进行再生等后处理。整个萃取工艺简单易行，能满足预处理的要求     

环境中二噁(口英)及其检测技术进展

从二(?)(?)类化合物的结构、来源、毒性等简要说明对其监测的必要性,且从仪器监测(包括气相色谱、气质联用、串联质谱等)和生物监测(包括利用指示生物、生物标志物等)概述了80年代以来国内外对二(?)(?)类物质尤其是几种极毒性化合物如多氯代二苯二(?)(?)(PCDDs)和多氯代二苯呋喃(PCDFs)等化合物的检测技术成果。