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气体快速定性技术在气态污染物突发性污染事故应急监测中的应用 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
介绍气体快速定性技术在气态污染物突发性污染事故应急监测中的应用.使用北川式无机气体定性检测管、有机气体定性检测管进行事故现场气体快速检测,简述上述检测管的使用技术及检测人员在事故现场应采取的防护措施. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: The Conservation Areas in South Florida have been considered as one of the major water storage areas to provide a water supply for the Everglades National Park and Lower East Coast (LEC). Due to the increasing water demands of the area, additional backpumping of the surplus runoff from the LEC area into the Conservation Areas has been considered as one of several alternative plans. The Receiving Water Quantity (EPA, 1971) model has been adapted and modified to be applicable in the Conservation Areas to investigate the possible impact of additional inflow under various backpumping cases. The modification of the model included Manning's roughness coefficient, depth of flow, width of hypothetical channels through marsh areas, rainfall input, seepage rate, etc. The use of the Monte Carlo technique for area computations was found to be easy and time saving both in area and weighting rainfall input to each node. Comparison of results generated by this modified model with the recorded values in Conservation Areas 1 and 2A indicated that the model not only can be a very good evaluation tool to simulate the hydraulic regime of the Conservation Areas system but also a proper tool for investigating the impact of additional inflow resulting from the backpumping related to the water use planning and management. 相似文献
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Shabbir Ahmed Alauddin Khan Peter Salpas 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2003,39(5):1127-1142
ABSTRACT: A three‐dimensional fractured medium flow model was developed for the Bear Creek Valley (BCV) S‐3 site of the Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) using SWIFT III. The numerical modeling for this site focused on a conceptual model established through the analysis of heterogeneous geologic units and matrix fracture properties of the subsurface in the BCV area. The SWIFT III modeling analysis was based on the previous modeling studies that used MODFLOW and MODPATH. A rigorous calibration was obtained first by comparing simulated results with the existing data on ground water levels and then by comparing pumping test results with the simulated ground water levels. A satisfactory agreement between observed and simulated results was obtained. The calibrated model was used to determine sustained yield from a ground water interceptor trench. Different withdrawal rates were used to simulate the performance of the trench for the sustained withdrawal of ground water. 相似文献
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Time discounting and the decision to protect areas that are near and threatened or remote and cheap to acquire 下载免费PDF全文
Paul R. Armsworth 《Conservation biology》2018,32(5):1063-1073
Should conservation organizations focus on protecting habitats that are at imminent risk of being converted but are expensive or more remote areas that are less immediately threatened but where a large amount of land can be set aside? Variants of this trade‐off commonly arise in spatial planning. I used models of land‐use change near a deforestation frontier to examine this trade‐off. The optimal choice of where to protect was determined by how decisions taken today accounted for ecological benefits and economic costs of conservation actions that would occur sometime in the future. I used an ecological and economic discount rate to weight these benefits and costs. A large economic discount rate favored protecting more remote areas, whereas a large, positive ecological discount rate favored protecting habitat near the current deforestation frontier. The decision over where to protect was also affected by the influence economic factors had on landowners' decisions, the rate of technological change, and ecological heterogeneity of the landscape. How benefits and costs through time are accounted for warrants careful consideration when specifying conservation objectives. It may provide a niche axis along which conservation organizations differentiate themselves when competing for donor funding or other support. 相似文献
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黄河三角洲二元结构与多元可持续发展初探 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
黄河三角洲由石油资源的开发而兴起,其区位条件和油气资源条件都十分优越,但目前仍处于经济发达地区的低谷区。通过对二元结构系数的定量分析,发现该地区具有明显的复合二元结构特征,即“油地+城乡”,二元结构是制约三角洲持续发展的一个重要限制性因素。目前,石油产业的全面改组改制、优越的外部环境和自身基础条件、东营港扩建及其附属加工制造业基地的立项、综合性交通运输网络体系的形成等都是三角洲全面发展的难得机遇。要实现多元可持续发展的目标,必须转变观念,由“以油建城”到“以港兴城”、大力发展资源深加工工业和具有竞争优势的制造业;构建高效生态农业经济体系;推进城市的“内聚式”发展。 相似文献
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在人均GDP可比水平下,我国农业就业份额远高于同一发展阶段的日本、韩国、台湾省,年均农业就业份额下降速度及人均GDP每增长1 000 GK$农业就业份额下降速度均落后于日本、韩国和台湾省。这表明我国农业就业非农化转移相当缓慢,大大滞后于经济发展。延续发展经济学假设,结合新古典理论分析,表明影响农业就业转移的因素包括:资本增长率、创新强度、技术进步的劳动节约偏向和边际劳动产出递减的倾向。利用我国非农产业数据进行实证检验,表明技术进步的劳动节约偏向是就业转移滞后的深层次原因。 相似文献
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地理探测器是探测空间分异性,以及揭示其背后驱动因子的一种新的统计学方法,由于其既能揭示单一因素对因变量的影响,也能评价双因素相互作用的影响,且不需要考虑线性,还能避免多变量共线性的影响,没有较强的模型假设,解决了传统方法在分析类别变量时的局限性,在土壤重金属空间分异领域研究的应用越来越广泛.通过收集40篇关于地理探测器在土壤重金属空间分异领域的研究报道,梳理了采用的自变量离散化方法、研究尺度、因变量和自变量类型、因子探测、交换探测、风险探测和生态探测等内容,并提出下一步的应用研究急需明确的问题,为地理探测器在土壤重金属空间分异领域深层次应用提供支撑. 相似文献