兼顾公平与效率的无人机应急中继通信选址优化问题

为提高应急救援中无人机应急中继通信资源配置的公平与效率,在考虑无人机中继通信覆盖范围限制、各受灾用户集群点分布情况、受灾群众公平性感知的基础上,构建以最大化系统吞吐量为效率目标、最小化受灾群众公平损失值为公平目标的无人机应急中继通信选址多目标0-1非线性整数规划模型,采用基于k-means的模拟退火算法对其进行求解,并以实际案例为背景构造算例,验证本文提出模型和算法的可行性与有效性,并进行多目标分析及参数敏感性分析。研究结果表明：本文提出的模型和算法能在较短时间得到无人机应急中继通信选址方案,保证所有受灾用户集群点获得通信中继;同时,确定最佳无人机设备数量,验证公平目标与效率目标存在悖反关系。     

1989～2005年中国启动地震应急预案的研究

制定地震应急预案是地震应急的行动纲领。过去重“救”轻“防”,而且“救”的程序也缺少规范。地震应急预案将“防、抗、救一作了规范．对每个职能部门的应急工作都作了部署。全国地区（市）级颁布地震预案267个,县级颁布地震预案1603个。据不完全统计,1989-2005年,全国共计启动地震应急预案56次。其中,1989～1993年年均启动0．8次,1994-1998年2．2次,1999-2003年4．2次,2004～2005年10次。     

利用黏弹性阻尼器减小结构的风振和地震反应

通过黏弹性阻尼器在工程结构抗震中所起的作用,阐述了黏弹性阻尼器增强结构抗震、抗风、抗振动和安全性的能力,介绍了黏弹性阻尼器性能及在国内外的使用和发展情况.     

考虑抢修时间的铁路应急物资配送与失效线路修复的集成优化

为提高铁路应急物资配送的快速响应能力,将应急物资配送与失效线路抢修结合在一起进行分析,指出了在应急救援初期资源有限的情况下,铁路网随失效线路抢修时间会不断变化.以追求最小化配送物资总延时和总的物资未满足量为目标,加入了线路抢修时间窗约束,建立了铁路应急物资配送和失效线路抢修的多目标集成优化模型,通过算例验证了模型和算法...     

阿特拉津降解菌BTAH1的分离与鉴定

从除草剂污染的土壤中,驯化分离得到 1株能够以阿特拉津为唯一碳源氮源生长的革兰氏阳性细菌 BTAH1,该菌株能够在 126h内完全降解1000mg/L的阿特拉津.通过生理生化鉴定,结合16S rDNA聚类分析,将该菌株鉴定为微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium sp.).外加碳源不会促进该菌株对阿特拉津的降解,该菌株的最适降解温度为 25～30℃,最适降解 pH 值在 7～9 之间.该菌株具有 2 个大质粒, pBTAH11 和pBTAH12,大小分别为 20kb 和 100kb,基因定位发现有 2 个参与阿特拉津降解的基因位于其中一个较小的质粒(pBTAH11)上.     

基于知网的我国防震减灾政策研究文献计量分析

为分析我国防震减灾政策研究工作现状,基于中国知网数据库,对1976-2019年期间的5104篇研究文献,从文献情况、期刊情况、作者情况、机构情况4个方面进行统计分析,着重分析了年度发文数量、引用情况、研究主题和地震事件等指标数据.结果表明,近40多年来,我国防震减灾政策研究不断发展,具体表现在研究成果数量不断增多,研究...     

Earthquake-strengthening policy for commercial buildings in small-town New Zealand

New Zealand introduced a seismic retrofitting policy in the wake of the catastrophic Canterbury earthquakes of 2010–11. The aim was to enforce seismic strengthening of earthquake-prone commercial buildings throughout the country. This study focuses on regional urban centres and the economic obstacles to strengthening their aging building stock. In investigating one town, Whanganui, we describe conditions, analyse cases, and identify incentives that apply equally to many other towns in New Zealand. We argue that incentives that suit high-growth, high-value major urban centres are a poor fit for the periphery. Around the world, many places need to upgrade their privately-owned building stock to protect it from disasters, while governments face similar challenges as they struggle to initiate the strengthening of commercial buildings. We analyse the current incentive schemes that aim to support the achievement of policy goals and suggest alternative incentive schemes that can be implemented to improve strengthening outcomes.     

Successes and failures of compulsory risk mitigation: re‐evaluating the Turkish Catastrophe Insurance Pool

The Turkish Catastrophe Insurance Pool (TCIP) is one of the best practices of public–private partnerships in an emerging market designed to reduce economic losses from disasters. This paper reviews the application of this compulsory mechanism along with data relating to the performance of the scheme following recent earthquakes in Turkey. We also consider the current perceptions of Turkish society towards the TCIP and how they can be enhanced. Our conclusions aim to assist stakeholders in government, homeowners, insurance companies, media, banks and civil society to appreciate the value of the system and key actions necessary to improve it.     

基于虚拟力的危化品仓储堆垛定位校正算法

超宽带定位技术作为一种室内高精度定位技术是解决危化品仓库堆垛贮存状态安全监测的有效方法，但在仓库非视距环境中，存在定位精度不足的问题，无法满足堆垛“五距”安全的监管要求。针对此问题，从UWB信号的信道模型和定位精度影响因素出发，利用高斯滤波消除了参考点在定位过程中由于系统和环境带来的随机误差影响，建立了参考点误差矢量库，并提出了一种虚拟力校正算法，利用建立的矢量库来对待测标签进行矢量补偿，达到提高定位精度的目的。实验表明，该方法可以提高危化品仓储堆垛定位精度，适用于监测危化品仓储状态。     

Predicting Sample Source Location from Soil Analysis Using Neural Networks

A system combining a national soils database with a neural network was developed for prediction of source location for soil samples. The neural network was trained to predict environmental characteristics, which can be of crucial importance to investigating officers in a police operation or to environmental agencies attempting to locate the source of a pollutant. When coupled with maps of environmental conditions and a generalized opinion pool approach, the system was used to produce weighted maps of source location. The system was capable of reducing search areas of a sample source to less than 0.1% of the total area.