Upgrading of organic waste: production of the copolymer poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate by Ralstonia eutrophus with organic waste as sole carbon source

Two types of fermented organic waste (trade and industry waste and fruit and vegetable waste) were successfully used as a sole carbon source to produce poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate (PHBV) by Ralstonia eutrophus (formerly Alcaligenes eutrophus) via oxygen limitation.The production of PHBV could be optimized by optimizing the oxygen transfer through the fermentor. Thereby, a peak concentration of 1.1 g PHBV per liter cell suspension, 40 w% of cell dry weight, was obtained at an aeration rate of 0.24 mol O₂/h·kg biomass. The yield of PHBV on the fatty acid concentration in the organic waste was 0.16 g polymer/g volatile organic matter. The process obtained, compares well with the commercial production process of PHBV based on glucose.     

预防水体黑臭的水质指标研究

水体黑臭的指标，是研究其成因，判断其黑芨科学合理地管理水体的重要内容，该文选择了与一黑臭生化过程有关的的一些参数，进行了理场和模拟试验测定研究，结果证明ＤＯ、ＢＯＤ５、硫酸还原菌数等，与水体黑臭具有较好的相关性。水体黑臭与不黑臭的临界指标为：ＣＨ－２１．５，ＤＯ＝１．８ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｎ＝２０００个／ｍｌ，ＢＯＤ５＝１４ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

微波、毫米波电磁材料特性及参数宽频带测试方法

讨论一种微波、毫米波电磁材料特性和参数宽频带测量方法——自由空间法。给出了该测量方法的测试原理和基于国产AV3630幅相接收机为基础的测试系统构成及系统扩频方法,论述了自由空间测试法需注意的关键技术问题。     

喷雾干燥法烟气脱硫过程的模拟试验研究

本文模拟试验研究了喷雾干燥法烟气脱硫中脱硫渣再循环利用、气体参数（ＳＯ２浓度、气速、气温）及浆液参数等对脱硫过程的影响，并分析了喷雾干燥塔内传热传质过程。本文结果将有助于改进喷雾脱硫塔的设计和操作。     

基于高分辨率MARGA分析桂林市PM2.5水溶性离子特征

利用高时间分辨率MARGA于2017年2月17日~3月24日在桂林市开展PM_2.5组分监测，结合同一点位环境和气象监测数据，分析桂林市大气PM_2.5水溶性无机离子组分特征及气溶胶酸性.结果表明：MARGA监测的PM_2.5中8种水溶性离子与PM_2.5变化趋势一致.8种水溶性离子总浓度均值29.27μg/m³，3种二次水溶性离子SO₄^2-、NO₃^-和NH₄⁺浓度均值26.91μg/m³，占水溶性离子总浓度的93.50%，是桂林市大气PM_2.5的主要组分.二次水溶性离子SO₄^2-、NH₄⁺和NO₃^-两两之间存在显著正相关性（相关系数均>0.80），提示二次离子产生的机制及在大气中的演化、沉积具有一定的相似性.无论有无降雨，能见度（Vis）均随着水溶性离子，尤其是二次水溶性离子浓度的增加呈幂函数规律递减.24h累计降雨量≥ 10.0mm时，湿清除作用明显.晴天及降雨量不大的天气下，需注意管控机动车尾气、生物质燃烧和扬尘污染.SOR、NOR分别为0.35、0.12，SO₂同时通过均相和非均相氧化反应转化为SO₄^2-，NO_x主要是通过白天光化学反应转化为NO₃^-.大多数离子和气态前体物均存在明显的日变化规律，这与物质的来源、形成机制和气象条件不同有关.CE/AE摩尔浓度均值为1.5，桂林市PM_2.5总体偏碱性.PM_2.5中SO₄^2-、NO₃^-、Cl^-主要以（NH₄）₂SO₄、NH₄NO₃和NH₄Cl形式存在.PM_2.5中NH₄⁺可能与监测点位交通源排放有关，桂林市应加强交通污染物排放管控.     

荧光光谱法研究丙酮与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用特征

在模拟动物体生理条件和不同温度下,用荧光光谱、三维荧光光谱、同步荧光光谱、紫外可见吸收光谱法等研究了丙酮(ACET)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,证实了丙酮有很强的猝灭BSA荧光强度的能力.分别用Sterr-Volmer方程、Lineweaver-Burk双倒数方程和热力学方程等分析和处理试验数据,得到了它们相互作用的生成常数KLV(平均值为7.073×106L·mol-1)、热力学参数(△Hθ、△Gθ和△Sθ的平均值分别为-3.982kJ·mol-1、-26.51 kJ·mol-1和73.31J·K-1)和结合位点数(平均值为1.266)等.这为研究ACET对BSA构象的影响、ACET的毒理效应和生物学效应提供了重要信息.     

湖泊水质参数空间分析中异常值的识别与处理

异常值的存在对湖泊水质参数局部估计精度产生重要影响 ,制约了地统计学在湖泊水质研究中的应用。文章以太湖为例 ,介绍了在湖泊水质参数研究中的三种异常值识别和处理的方法。应用这些方法可以有效地降低异常值的影响水平     

Quantitative Assessment of the Intertidal Environment of Kuwait I: Integrated Environmental Classification

Quantitative analysis of physical, chemical and biological data of the intertidal zone in Kuwait was undertaken to develop an integrated basis for assessing and protecting this sensitive coastal ecosystem. Cluster analyses were performed to determine the resemblance between the sampling stations based on the sediment composition, the benthic macrofauna and the physico-chemical characteristics of the intertidal sediment/water. Five distinct sub-environments were delineated within the intertidal zone of Kuwait. Each sub-environment was described in terms of number of taxa, mean density of organisms, sediment type, tidal level and dominant organisms. The physico-chemical parameters investigated were found to be unimportant in the distribution of the intertidal benthic macrofauna. On the other hand, sediment type was found to be a major factor in the overall composition of the benthic community. The benthic fauna and related characteristics of the sub-environments could be used as indicators to monitor changes in the intertidal ecosystem and as guides to protection and management of the different coasts. The approach described in this paper could also be adopted elsewhere to provide a sound basis for evaluating environmental impacts and for developing sustainable coastal management.     

鼠李糖脂洗脱氯丹和灭蚁灵污染场地土壤的工艺参数

优化了鼠李糖脂洗脱氯丹、灭蚁灵污染土壤的工艺条件,为开展有机氯农药污染场地土壤洗脱修复工程实践提供科学依据和技术参数。实验结果表明,随着洗脱剂———鼠李糖脂浓度的增加,氯丹和灭蚁灵的洗脱量呈现先增加后降低的趋势;洗脱时间和液固比对洗脱效果的影响趋势与浓度相同;在0~120 r/min范围内,氯丹和灭蚁灵洗脱量随着搅拌速度的增加而增大,80、120和200 r/min的洗脱量间差异不显著;单次洗脱量随洗脱次数的增加而降低,累计洗脱量则逐渐增大。综上所述,氯丹、灭蚁灵污染场地土壤鼠李糖脂洗脱的适宜工艺参数为鼠李糖浓度10 mmol/L,搅拌速度80 r/min,固液比1∶10,洗脱时间20 min,洗脱3次。     

The implementation of a measurement system for brushless DC motor parameters

Most of the energy conversion in industrial devices and equipment is completed by the motor. The acquirement of motor parameters becomes very important for designing the motor drives. The aim of this paper is to design and implement a motor measurement system. Through the processing of an Advanced RISC Machines (ARM) microcontroller, the various parameters of motors such as input voltage, input current, input power, motor speed, and motor torque can be obtained. Consequently, the torque constant, load torque, viscous friction, and the inertia of the motor are calculated and achieved. The motor parameters can be commanded and displayed in the designed human interface of a PC via USB communication. The hardware system designed in this system includes an ARM microcontroller, an inverter, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a torque sensor, and power supply. The software programming is developed under the Visual Studio 2012 environment development platform using the C language. Finally, the prototype of the motor measurement system is completed and verified. The experimental results for the motor parameters and torque/speed characteristic are demonstrated and show the feasibility of the complete designed system.