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21.
Z.A. Khan B.M. Misra K. Raghu 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):1015-1027
Abstract Interaction of lindane with silty loam and silty clay loam soils was studied in batch tests at 23, 30 and 37° C. Sorption experiments were carried out at four concentrations and for varying time of contact upto 72 hours. This was followed by desorption studies. No desorption was observed. The sorption data was analysed using sorption equations and evaluating the thermodynamic parameters. The sorption was found to be predominantly entropic in nature and a combined effect of adsorption and chemisorption. The effect of organic matter and other chemical and mineralogical constituents of soils has also been discussed. The sorption with single application of lindane with the two soil types indicates that the insecticide is less likely to reach groundwater. 相似文献
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从二维空间的角度出发,提出了系统的结构特征;联系紧密和联系松散;复杂式相互作用和直线式相互作用的概念及其特点,并探讨了系统结构特征在系统事故致因中的应用分析。 相似文献
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膨胀土地基中大比例模型桩浸水试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对埋设在膨胀土地基中的一试桩的长时间浸水试验观测,模拟了自然降雨气候条件下单桩位移、沿桩身轴力、侧摩阻力分布、地基胀缩及其时间变化等基桩一系列工作性状和桩-土共同作用规律。试验结果显示:桩顶位移呈现出先下沉后回升并最后趋于稳定的3阶段特征;桩身全长受拉,轴力沿桩身分布呈“波峰”形态。基桩的最大轴力位于桩的中下部,轴力峰值历经由小到大的过程;中性点在浸水过程中,其位置有从桩下部上移的现象;桩侧摩阻力与桩端阻力荷载分担比随时间呈现出先减小后增大并渐趋稳定的3阶段特征。研究结果对膨胀土地基中的桩基设计和施工提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Peter G. Ashton James B. Pickens Coryell Ohlander Bruce Benninghoff 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1980,16(4):738-744
ABSTRACT: Decisionmaking associated with the Nation's 1.7 billion acres of forest and range land has become increasingly complicated because of the rise in competition for resource use and in the awareness of environmental and social effects. This system analysis approach uses four models to synthesize pertinent masses of information into measures of economic, environmental, and social impacts. The system results can be used to help evaluate alternative national programs. The models are:
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放射性同位素氡222是来源于地层中铀衰变生成的惰性元素.由于其半衰期只有3.82d,且其活度在地下水和地表水中差异显著,近年来氡在水文学中的应用日渐兴起.但222Rn在岩溶环境中的分布和行为特征少有研究.以广西三个典型岩溶水系统为例,研究222Rn在包气带、非饱和带和饱水带中的浓度分布和指示意义.发现222Rn在上部包气带中的活度不足500Bq/m3,但在非饱和带中有局部异常高区,与局部小地质构造的分布有关.在饱水带中,地下水的滞留时间、不同地下水组分的混合和氡运移的距离等是导致222Rn活度差异的原因.管道介质的222Rn活度比裂隙介质的高;含水介质土壤覆盖层大的比土壤浅薄的普遍高.在大型岩溶水系统的排泄区,地下水补给河流,河流也可能短暂反补地下水,由于地下水和河流222Rn的差异显著,222Rn可能成为地下水-地表水相互作用研究的理想示踪剂. 相似文献
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T. Colombo R. Santaguida A. Capasso F. Calzolari F. Evangelisti P. Bonasoni 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2000,34(29-30)
The study concerning carbon dioxide measurements taken during the 1997, 1998 and 1999 summer campaigns at two different altitude stations and biospheric conditions are presented. The higher station (Mt. Cimone, 2165 m a.s.l.) is characterised by 360° free horizon and is located on a rocky mountain while the lower (Ninfa lake, 1550 m a.s.l.) is located inside the red spruce and beech forest. The different behaviour of CO2 at the two mountain stations has been registered. It shows the strong effect of nighttime soil emission and vegetation respiration on CO2 mixing ratio increases and of diurnal vegetative activity on CO2 concentration decreases at the lower measurement site. The baseline character of the higher measurement site has been confirmed by comparison of CO2 diurnal amplitudes recorded at the two stations. 相似文献
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Tyler Mehler W Schuler LJ Lydy MJ 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,152(1):217-224
The joint toxicity of chlorpyrifos and atrazine was compared to that of chlorpyrifos alone to discern any greater than additive response using both acute toxicity testing and whole-body residue analysis. In addition, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and biotransformation were investigated to evaluate the toxic mode of action of chlorpyrifos in the presence of atrazine. The joint toxicity of atrazine and chlorpyrifos exhibited no significant difference in Lepomis macrochirus compared to chlorpyrifos alone; while studies performed with Pimephales promelas and Chironomus tentans, did show significant differences. AChE activity and biotransformation showed no significant differences between the joint toxicity of atrazine and chlorpyrifos and that of chlorpyrifos alone. From the data collected, the combination of atrazine and chlorpyrifos pose little additional risk than that of chlorpyrifos alone to the tested fish species. 相似文献
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