舰载直升机旋翼迎风面防护技术研究进展

舰载直升机是舰载飞机的重要组成部分,但受到舰基恶劣腐蚀环境和旋翼振动载荷的双重作用,直升机旋翼迎风面的损伤成为制约飞行任务顺利进行的重要影响因素。针对该技术难题,概述了某型直升机旋翼迎风面出现的腐蚀现象,从装备维护角度出发,系统归纳了腐蚀发生的原因,并分析了国内外针对此类问题采用的不同腐蚀防护措施及优缺点。在此基础上,提出了对于直升机旋翼迎风面的防腐工作目前面临的挑战及未来研究方向。     

石化行业挥发性有机物源强核算及LDAR技术的应用研究

石化行业排放的挥发性有机物(VOCs)是引发大气环境问题的重要污染物,有效控制VOCs的排放已经成为现阶段中国大气环境治理领域中的热点问题.泄漏检测与修复技术(LDAR)是发现和修复工艺装置泄漏的一种源项控制技术.通过对LDAR技术的文献及石化行业的应用调研,总结了LDAR技术国内外应用进展,挥发性有机物源强的核算方法,重点介绍了LDAR技术在石化行业开展的实施流程及潜在的效益.对石化行业开展泄漏检测与修复工作,减少挥发性有机物无组织的排放起到借鉴作用.     

基于电化学阻抗的直升机涂层日历寿命评估方法

目的研究直升机涂层在使用过程中的日历寿命评估方法。方法分析影响直升机涂层日历寿命的主要因素,给出涂层日历寿命分散性和差异性的原因,确定关键评估技术。以某型高原直升机涂层日历寿命评估为例,开展8个周期的加速试验,选取电化学阻抗模值(|Z|f=0.1 Hz)描述涂层性能退化失效过程。结果涂层电化学阻抗模值与加速周期满足函数关系。结论应力疲劳影响涂层性能退化,在环境因素和较高局部应力共同作用下,涂层性能退化更明显。该涂层性能不满足6年高原日历寿命。     

桨叶的组合共振理论建模与分析

目的 对直升机单片桨叶在2个激励力下的组合共振进行理论研究。方法 桨叶以固定角速度旋转,视为旋转的细长悬臂梁,受2个不同频率的简谐激励力作用。首先基于哈密顿原理推导旋转梁控制方程,考虑几何大变形和非线性惯性。其次对方程无量纲化,并采用伽辽金法对控制方程进行离散,最后使用摄动法中的L-P法(Lindstedt-Poincare method)对无量纲方程进行求解。结果 获得了组合共振产生条件,同时得到了组合共振下的稳态幅频响应和相应的时间历程图。进一步获得了超谐波/次谐波共振与组合共振同时发生的条件,并对组合共振进行了参数分析,探索了各个激励频率成分、阻尼和激振位置等对组合共振的影响。结论 当2激励力满足2Ω1±Ω2=ω0、2Ω2±Ω1=ω0或1/2(Ω1±Ω2)=ω0其中之一时,旋转梁可能发生组合共振。组合共振响应中,自由振动成分占主导,存在超谐波共振时,组合共振振幅得到进一步增强。     

碳素纤维泛氧化塘治理高寒地河水的试验研究

采用碳素纤维生态草填料和间歇曝气强化的泛氧化塘对长春新凯河河水展开了异位式治理的试验研究,考察了单一的填料强化和"间歇曝气+填料强化泛氧化塘"对污染物的年度去除效果。试验过程中发现COD、NH4+-N、TP的去除效果受温度的影响比较明显,四季平均去除率分别为16.85%~34.19%、13.6%~53.14%、9.22%~26.08%;NH4+-N去除率同时受DO的影响也很明显,夏季间歇曝气可提高NH4+-N去除率27%左右。全年监测结果表明:曝气强化作用在夏季最为明显,在停留时间为36 h、曝气时间为18 h/d、曝气量为0.4 m3/min时,碳素纤维曝气泛氧化塘对COD、NH4+-N、TP的平均去除率分别为34.19%、53.14%、26.08%,这表明采用碳素纤维曝气泛氧化塘对受污染河水的治理是可行的。     

长输气管线维护抢修应急预案研究与应用

通过分析长输气管线可能发生的事故类型,从应急预案编制总则、应急救援组织机构及职责、类型界定、事故应急响应等级的划分、事故现场抢险及救援和事故善后处理6个环节对长输气管线维护抢修应急预案进行了研究,并制定了油气管线维修和抢险流程,同时附以案例分析,对预防和控制长输气管道事故的发生具有重要的意义。     

Modulation of the DNA repair system and ATR-p53 mediated apoptosis is relevant for tributyltininduced genotoxic effects in human hepatoma G2 cells

The toxic effects of tributyltin (TBT) have been extensively documented in several types of cells, but the molecular mechanisms related to the genotoxic effects of TBT have still not been fully elucidated. Our study showed that exposure of human hepatoma G2 cells to 1-4 μmol/L TBT for 3 hr caused severe DNA damage in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, the expression levels of key DNA damage sensor genes such as the replication factor C, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 were inhabited in a concentration-dependent manner. We further demonstrated that TBT induced cell apoptosis via the p53-mediated pathway, which was most likely activated by the ataxia telangiectasia mutated and rad-3 related (ATR) protein kinase. The results also showed that cytochrome c, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and the B-cell lymphoma 2 were involved in this process. Taken together, we demonstrated for the first time that the inhibition of the DNA repair system might be more responsible for TBT-induced genotoxic effects in cells. Then the generated DNA damage induced by TBT initiated ATR-p53-mediated apoptosis.     

The synergistic interaction of Nickel(II) with dna damaging agents

In this report we present several examples in which nickel(II) in combination with DNA damaging agents caused an enhanced or synergistic biological response using several different endpoints. These examples of Ni(II) toxicity represent several approaches designed to understand the genotoxicity of Ni(II) as well as several other metal ions. They are discussed in this report as a partial basis for our hypothesis that Ni(II) may alter the cellular processing of DNA damage at some common point in the pathway for DNA repair of several different agents. In cultured Chinese hamster cells DNA damage by Ni(II) ions was not readily demonstrated by the method of alkaline elution, but pretreatment of cells with Ni(II) before X‐irradiation produced an enhanced amount of strand breaks compared to the amount produced by X‐rays alone. A synergistic enhancement of cell transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells was observed for combined treatments of Ni(II) and benzo(a)pyrene. The nickel enhancement of mutagenesis by ultraviolet light was demonstrated for the bacterial gene gpt stably integrated into the Chinese hamster V79 genome.