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121.
温州近海海域海水及滩涂沉积物中PFOS和PFOA污染特征分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
为了解温州近海海域全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)的污染状况和特征,采用固相萃取/高效液相串联质谱检测法分析了采自乐清湾、瓯江口、西湾、飞云江口及洞头半屏岛的近海海水和滩涂沉积物中PFOS和PFOA污染水平。结果显示,温州近海海水普遍存在PFOS和PFOA污染,其中,PFOS的浓度范围为<1.0~31.36 ng/L,中位浓度为2.29 ng/L;PFOA的浓度范围为<1.0~23.66 ng/L,中位浓度为5.29 ng/L。滩涂沉积物样品中PFOS和PFOA的浓度范围(干重)分别为(<1.0~11.91)×10-9(中位浓度为3.60×10-9)和(1.84~34.01)×10-9(中位浓度为6.83×10-9)。温州近海海水中PFOS和PFOA的污染水平明显高于香港沿岸、中国南海海水、韩国沿岸海水和近海珠江三角洲,与大连湾的海水相当,海岸滩涂沉积物中的PFOS和PFOA浓度远高于珠江和黄浦江沉积物中的浓度。 相似文献
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Biological control experiment of excess propagation of Cyclops for drinking water security 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cyclops of zooplankton propagated excessively in eutrophic water body and could not be effectively inactivated by the conventional disinfections process like chlorination due to its stronger resistance to oxidation. In this study, an ecological project was put forward for the excess propagation control of Cyclops by stocking the filter-feeding fishes such as silver carp and bighead carp under the condition of no extraneous nutrient feeding. The results of experiments with different stocking biomass showed that the propagation of Cyclops could be controlled effectively, and the water quality was improved simultaneously by impacting on nutriment level and plankton community structure at proper stocking density of 30 g/m^3 of water. The growth of Cyclops may not be effectually controlled with lower biomass of fish (10 g), and the natural food chain relation may be destroyed for Cyclops dying out in water while the intense stocking of 120 g per cubic meter of water. In addition, the high predator pressure may accelerate supplemental rate of nutrients from bottom sediments to water body to add the content of total nitrogen and phosphorus in water. 相似文献
125.
YIN Da-qiang HU Shuang-qing GU Ying WEI Li LIU Shu-shen ZHANG Ai-qian 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(2):232-237
Bisphenol A (BPA) is the monomer component of polycarbonate plastics and classified as an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC). The reproductive toxicity of BPA has been extensively studied in mammals; however, relatively little information is available on the immunotoxic responses of fish to BPA. In this study, we investigated the effects of BPA on the immune functions of lymphocytes and macrophages in Carassius auratus. The effects of BPA were compared with those of two natural steroid hormones, estradiol and hydrocortisone. Proliferation of the two types of cells in response to PHA was measured using colorimetric MTT assay. Macrophage respiratory burst stimulated by Con A was measured using chemiluminescence assay. Results showed that BPA (0.054-5.4 mg/L), estradiol (0.0002-2.0 mg/L) and hydrocortisone (5-50 mg/L) significantly induced Carassius auratus lymphocyte proliferation while higher doses of hydrocortisone (500-5000 mg/L) appeared to be inhibitory. BPA (0.005-50 mg/L), estradiol (0.005-800 mg/L) and hydrocortisone (0.005-500 mg/L) markedly enhanced macrophage proliferation, whereas higher doses of BPA (500-1000 mg/L) appeared to inhibit cell proliferation. Furthermore, higher dosage of BPA (50 mg/L) and hydrocortisone (50 and 500 mg/L) suppressed the macrophages respiratory burst while estradiol is stimulative all the doses tested (0.05-500 mg/L). In conclusion, BPA could have immunotoxicity to Carassius auratus and functional changes of lymphocyte and macrophage in Carassius auratus may be different between low and high dosages. 相似文献
126.
Determination of alkali-labile phosphoprotein phosphorus from fish plasma using the Tb^3+-tiron complex as a fluorescence probe 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A sensitive method based on the fluorescence quenching effect of the Tb^3+-Tiron complex is proposed for the determination of alkali-labile phosphoprotein phosphorus (ALP) released from fish plasma. The detection limit was 5.4 ng/ml (S/N=2), and the relative standard deviation of the quenching effect (6 replicates) was 4.6%. The results obtained by the proposed method were in good agreement with those obtained by the colorimetric assay. The advantages of the present method are its relatively simple detection procedure, the lack of toxic organic solvents, and high sensitivity. 相似文献
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概述了目前中药工业废水处理应用的各种物化、生物处理技术;对主要处理工艺的应用特点进行了论述;指出了中药工业废水处理技术今后的研究开发方向和思路。 相似文献
129.
开展卫生填埋场中的黏土衬层密实性试验研究对填埋场的工程设计和后期运营具有现实意义.黏土压实的直接影响之一就是孔隙率的减小,并改变黏土的电阻率,为高密度电阻率法在衬层密实性中的调查研究提供了前提条件和物理基础.文章采用高密度电阻率法三种装置(测深、温纳、偶极-偶极)进行对比测量,通过电阻率成像技术对压实黏土的电性特征进行... 相似文献
130.
为了解决高温高盐矿井水对碳钢管道和设备腐蚀问题,进行了缓蚀挂片试验,研究适应该类水质的缓蚀剂种类和最佳投加量。试验结果表明:软化剂氢氧化钙和碳酸钠对碳钢均有一定缓蚀效果.其平均缓蚀率分别为17.33%、57.46%。因此药剂软化过程同时达到防腐效果有限:单独投加缓蚀剂HEDP的缓蚀效果明显,其静态缓蚀率82.46%以上,动态缓蚀率76.45%:复合配方缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果最好,最佳配方为“有机膦酸一聚环氧琥珀酸一锌盐”或“有机膦酸一磺酸基团多元共聚物一锌盐”,在投加量80mg/L时动态缓蚀率接近90%。 相似文献