水下枪炮发射问题研究综述

首先介绍了水下枪炮类武器发射问题的研究意义,并对其军事需求进行了分析。之后对常见的水下枪炮发射方式进行了介绍,并简述了各自的发展历程。总结了目前对水下发射问题内弹道的研究进展,结合水下枪炮发射问题自身特点,阐述了燃气射流的形成机理以及相关研究的发展过程,比较性地总结了空气中枪炮发射膛口流场与水下枪炮发射膛口流场的研究进展及对应典型波系结构。最后,对水下枪炮发射领域仍存在的科学问题以及未来发展趋势作出了展望。     

卫生垃圾填埋场边界的地电特性研究

研究卫生垃圾填埋场边界的地电特性,界定卫生垃圾填埋场边界有助于场地环境的维护和管理,采用电阻率二维层析成像技术中的3种装置排列(测深、温纳、偶极-偶极)对小型卫生垃圾填埋场模型进行对比测量,通过电阴率二维层析成像技术对填埋场边界的地电特性进行分析研究.研究结果表明,在测深和温纳两种装置排列,不能进行精确定位;而偶极-偶...     

龙舌兰科植物在室内装饰的应用

龙舌兰科植物形态化美、色彩丰富，是室内植物装饰的好材料。本文对进一步开展龙舌兰科植物在室内装饰的应用作了探讨。     

In-vehicle VOCs composition of unconditioned, newly produced cars

The in-vehicle volatile organic compounds （VOCs） concentrations gains the attention of both car producers and users. In the present study, an attempt was made to determine if analysis of air samples collected from an unconditioned car cabin can be used as a quality control measure. The VOCs composition of in-vehicle air was analyzed by means of active sampling on Carbograph 1TD and Tenax TA sorbents, followed by thermal desorption and simultaneous analysis on flame ionization and mass detector （TD-GC/FID-MS）. Nine newly produced cars of the same brand and model were chosen for this study. Within these, four of the vehicles were equipped with identical interior materials and five others differed in terms of upholstery and the presence of a sunroof; one car was convertible. The sampling event took place outside of the car assembly plant and the cars tested left the assembly line no later than 24 hr before the sampling took place. More than 250 compounds were present in the samples collected; the identification of more than 160 was confirmed by comparative mass spectra analysis and 80 were confirmed by both comparison with single/multiple compounds standards and mass spectra analysis. In general, aliphatic hydrocarbons represented more than 60% of the total VOCs （TVOC） determined. Depending on the vehicle, the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons varied from 12% to 27% of total VOCs. The very short period between car production and sampling of the in-vehicle air permits the assumption that the entire TVOC originates from off-gassing of interior materials. The results of this study expand the knowledge of in-vehicle pollution by presenting information about car cabin air quality immediately after car production.     

报废汽车内饰件再利用研究

摘要：分析了目前国内外关于报废汽车内饰件处理回收的进展情况,重点介绍了一种报废汽车内饰件回收再利用的处理方法,有效地节约资源,减少环境污染。     

基于室内空气质量的室内环境设计研究

提高室内空气质量是系统问题,又是人们身心健康、工作、学习效率等民生问题.目前,人们对室内空气治理基本都是被动的,缺乏系统性,尤其缺乏室内空气污染前的预防与控制.室内环境设计对建筑环境的最大影响之一就是负责90%以上的材料与产品用于建筑物和建筑室内.对室内环境设计如何去提高室内空气质量的研究意义重大.通过分析室内空气质量现状与问题,指出室内环境设计对室内空气质量的重要影响,并提出室内环境设计与实施中如何提高室内空气质量的具体策略.     

一种带中心孔的密实随行装药内弹道数值计算及分析

目的 推进密实随行装药技术工程化应用的进程,提出一种带中心孔的密实随行装药结构方案.方法 针对该方案建立相应的内弹道模型,计算得到不同装药量、不同点火延迟时间条件下随行装药内弹道性能的变化情况.结果 受燃尽性约束,端面燃烧型随行装药药柱设计高度有限,内弹道性能提升较小.在随行药柱燃速不变的条件下,带中心孔的随行装药可有...     

高能推进剂老化对发动机内弹道性能的影响研究

对某配方NEPE高能固体推进剂进行了加速贮存试验,分析了推进剂在长期贮存后其密度、燃速的变化规律,开展了发动机内弹道测试和内弹道参数影响定量分析研究。针对某翼柱型装药固体发动机,分析了长期贮存后其内弹道性能的变化规律。结果表明,燃速缓慢下降是影响高能推进剂发动机内弹道性能变化的主要因素。     

汽车内装饰材料挥发性有机物GC-MS测定和分析

采用恒温测试箱法采集汽车内部装饰材料释放的挥发性有机物,利用Nutech预浓缩仪对样品进行三级VOC富集,然后用GC-MS法(气相色谱-质谱法)对汽车内部装饰材料释放的挥发性有机物苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯进行了测定,检出限低于2.0μg/m3。实验选择皮革表皮、橡胶密封条、灰色无纺布、海棉和仪表盘五种汽车内部装饰材料,进行挥发性有机物含量的测定,并对结果进行了分析和讨论。结果表明五种汽车内部装饰材料均不同程度地释放挥发性有机物,其中热塑性材料仪表盘释放出的TVOC含量最高,橡胶密封条的TVOC释放量也较高,皮革表皮和灰色无纺布释放的甲苯较多,而消音材料海绵主要释放出二甲苯。汽车内部装饰材料释放挥发性有机物的情况复杂,因此,探索和建立有效的汽车内部装饰材料有害物质检测方法,对于选择低毒环保的汽车内部装饰材料非常有意义。     

Climate Trends but Little Net Water Supply Shift in One of Canada's Most Water‐Stressed Regions over the Last Century

The southern interior ecoprovince (SIE) of British Columbia, Canada represents the northernmost extent of the great western North American deserts, it is experiencing some of the nation's fastest economic and population growth making it one of Canada's most water‐stressed regions, and it includes two headwater basins of the transboundary (Canada‐US) Columbia River. Statistical trend analyses were performed on 90‐year regional indicator time series for annual conditions in observed temperature, precipitation, and streamflow reflecting the three major SIE river basins: the Thompson, and transboundary Okanagan and Similkameen. Results suggest that regional climate has grown warmer and wetter, but with little net impact on total water supply availability. The outcome might reflect mutual cancellation of increases in precipitation inputs vs. evapotranspiration losses. Conclusions appeared largely insensitive to low‐pass data filtering, Pacific Decadal Oscillation effects, or solar output variability. Ensemble historical global climate model runs over the same time interval support this absence of appreciable trend in regionally integrated annual runoff volume, but a possible mismatch in precipitation results suggests a direction for further study. Overall, while important changes in hydrologic timing and extremes are likely occurring here, there is limited evidence for a net change in overall water supply availability over the last century.