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101.
砖红壤中Al和Pb的竞争吸附 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
从pH值和离子加入量两个角度研究了砖红壤中Al和Pb的竞争吸附 .结果表明 ,当低数量的Al和Pb共存时 ,离子的吸附量与其单独存在下的情形相比都有所下降 ,该现象在低pH值的条件下较为明显 ,而随着pH值升高则逐渐减弱 ;若Al和Pb共存时的初始浓度均为 1 0mmol·l- 1 ,两者之间的竞争吸附在pH 3 5至 5 5范围内都较为显著 ;此外 ,当0 1mmol·l- 1 的Pb与 1 0mmol·l- 1 的Al共存时 ,Al的吸附没有受到Pb的影响 ,此时尽管Al和Pb的浓度比为 1 0∶1 ,但土壤对Pb的吸附并没有被Al完全抑制 ,反映出土壤表面某些吸附位对Pb具有高度的选择性 相似文献
102.
Brian L. Gulson Dino Pisaniello Anthony J. McMichael Karen J. Mizon Michael J. Korsch Colin Luke Rosie Ashbolt David G. Pederson Graham Vimpani Kathryn R. Mahaffey 《Environmental geochemistry and health》1996,18(4):147-163
High-precision lead isotope ratios and lead concentrations have been compared statistically and graphically in women of child-bearing age (n = 77) from two smelter communities and one general urban community to evaluate the relative contributions to blood lead of tissue lead stores and lead from the contemporaneous environment (soil, floor dust, indoor airborne dust, water, food). Blood lead (PbB) contents were generally low (e.g. <10 g dL–1). Statistically significant isotopic differences in blood and environmental samples were observed between the three cities although isotopic differences in blood for individual subjects living in close proximity (200 m radius) was as large as the differences within a city. No single environmental measure dominated the biological isotope profile and in many cases the low levels of blood lead meant that their isotopic profiles could be easily perturbed by relatively small changes of environmental exposure. Apportioning of sources using lead isotopes is possibly not feasible, nor cost effective, when blood lead levels are <5 g dL–1. Interpretations based on statistical analyses of city-wide data do not give the same conclusions as when the houses are considered individually. Aggregating data from multiple subjects in a study such as this obscures potentially useful information. Most of the measures employed in this study, and many other similar studies, are markers of only short-to-medium integration of lead exposure. Serial sampling of blood and longer sampling times, especially for household variables, should provide more meaningful information. 相似文献
103.
104.
水杨醛改性壳聚糖对金属离子的吸附性能 总被引:33,自引:4,他引:33
研究了以水杨醛改性的壳聚糖及其衍生物对Pb^2+、Zn^2+,Co^2+的静态吸附性能,结果表明,该类吸附剂对Pb^2+,Zn^2+具有良了的吸附性能,其吸附量可分别达455.2和105.5mg·g^-1,并能在Co^2+存在下选择吸附Pb^2+,Zn^2+。 相似文献
105.
106.
J. Preston B. Engel G. C. Lalor M. K. Vutchkov 《Environmental geochemistry and health》1996,18(3):99-104
The Centre for Nuclear Sciences (CNS) uses a raster based geographic information system (GIS), integrated with a relational database to store information on point sampled data, including concentrations of over 50 elements and/or ions in a variety of sample materials. These data are filtered in the GIS to create surface layers and are assigned colours according to percentile ranges allowing visual inspection to be used to identify significant features and trends. The database currently contains raster map layers for soils and geologic features, point site data for water and air, and vector data for roads, rivers and streams. While data are still being added to the database interesting results are already being obtained and a few instances where the GIS was used to assist in the data interpretation are reported. 相似文献
107.
L. Viverette H. W. Mielke M. Brisco A. Dixon J. Schaefer K. Pierre 《Environmental geochemistry and health》1996,18(1):41-45
This study tests the hypothesis that exterior sources of lead dust are more important than interior sources in the route of exposure of children. Benign field methods were used to distinguish between potential and actual lead exposure problems. Utilising hand wipe and surface wipe techniques, hand and environmental samples were obtained from selected day care centres at different locations within New Orleans. Previous research has shown that soil lead is determined by location within the city. Private and public day care centres were selected from inner and outer city areas to estimate the extent of hand lead exposure. To measure and identify the extent of environmental lead exposure, hand wipes were taken before and after playing outdoors. Results of preliminary findings show that outdoor lead dust is a more potent contaminant of hands than indoor lead dust. An association was found between the amount of lead on children's hands after playing outdoors and the lead content in the exterior dust and soil. Although two girls out of forty children had exceptionally high hand lead quantities after playing outdoors, in general, boys have higher hand lead levels than girls. The private inner-city day care centre had a severe contamination problem in its outdoor play area. By contrast, the outdoor play area of the public inner city day care centre is of such a high quality that the quantity of lead dust is independent of location in the city. 相似文献
108.
模拟酸雨条件下降尘中Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr各形态的溶出和转化研究 总被引:20,自引:3,他引:20
本文用Tessler方法,研究了模拟酸雨条件下,降尘中Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr各形态的溶出和相互转化。试验表明:(1)降尘中Cu,Cr的溶出量随酸雨酸度的增大而增加;Pb,Zn没分别在PH=3.5和PH=4.5时溶出量最大,溶出的金属多源于可交换态和碳酸盐结合态,说明这两种形态的稳定性较差。(2)在模拟酸雨条件下,Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr各形态的含量发生了较大变化;Cu从其优势形态有机结合态向可交换态 相似文献
109.
天台铅锌矿区香根草(Vetiveria zizanioides)等几种草本植物的重金属耐性 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
研究了浙江天台铅锌矿区香根草 (Vetiveriazizanioides)及其群落中几种主要植物Cu、Cd、Zn、Pb的累积分布 ,对植物与土壤元素、对重金属的耐受性作了初步探讨 .结果表明 ,香根草植物中元素含量表现为Zn >Pb >Cu >Cd,其中Cu表现为根 >茎 >叶 ,Cd表现为叶 >茎 >根 ,Zn、Pb表现为根 >叶 >茎 .香根草中的Zn、Pb含量均显著地高于其它几种植物 .香根草与土壤元素关系中 ,Zn的相关性最显著 ,其次为Pb .图 1表 5参 19 相似文献
110.