废印刷线路板非金属粉-木塑复合材料性能

利用废印刷线路板非金属粉、木粉和聚氯乙烯制备复合材料,研究了复合材料的物理力学性能.结果表明:添加40目(0.35 mm)粒径非金属粉的非金属粉-木塑复合材料的各项性能整体优于添加20目(0.83 mm)粒径的复合材料;随着复合材料中40目粒径非金属粉替代量的增加,复合材料冲击强度、静曲强度整体呈下降趋势,内结合强度总体呈上升趋势, m(非金属粉)∶m(木粉)为30∶20时,静曲强度和内结合强度分别为31.74 和2.10 MPa,满足相应的国家标准和行业标准;40目粒径非金属粉-木塑复合材料的静曲模量随着非金属粉和木粉比率的增加先上升后下降,在m(非金属粉)∶m(木粉)为15∶35时达到最大值(2 853 MPa);24 h吸水厚度膨胀率和24 h吸水率分别优于硬质纤维板国家标准和地板基材用纤维板行业标准要求值.      

硝酸浸提拆解废印制电路板元器件技术

研究了废印制电路板在不同浓度硝酸溶液中焊锡完全溶解的时间,以及Sn,Pb,Zn,Fe和Cu的溶解规律及循环利用浸提液的可行性. 结果表明:废印制电路板最佳剥离硝酸浓度为2 mol/L左右,该条件下210 min内废印制电路板上的焊锡完全溶解,元器件能够全部拆除;稀硝酸作为浸提液,可重复利用4次以上,各次循环对焊锡均具有较好的溶解效果;循环利用过程中,Cu反应速率逐次增加,易造成Cu的流失.      

上海市降尘自动监测系统研发与应用

大气降尘量是重要的环境指标之一,可以较客观地反映和评价城市局部地区扬尘污染水平,对评价城市区域环境空气质量、分析大气污染来源和变化具有重要意义。国内外大气降尘监测普遍采用传统的手工监测方法,手工法因时效性差、效率低、能耗大、质控难、误差大等原因已不适应现代环境管理的需求。随着科技与网络的发展,自动监测方法成为发展趋势。文章主要阐述了上海市降尘自动监测技术的研发过程及实际应用,介绍了自主研发的降尘自动监测仪的原理、关键技术和系统组成。通过粉尘舱内实验、降尘自动监测方法与手工重量法比对测试及为期一年的试点应用,分析了降尘自动监测方法的精密度、准确度、相对误差及适用性,并探讨了降尘自动监测的应用前景。     

电子装备爆炸振动损伤的研究

首先综述分析了对爆炸振动损伤的基础理论研究。在此基础上,重点对爆炸振动损伤的模型模拟进行研究,分别建立地面振动模型、电子装备爆炸振动结构响应模型、爆炸振动的损伤模拟等,推动了电子装备爆炸振动损伤研究的模拟化进展。     

解毒铬渣安全性研究

用扫描电镜、比表面测定仪、X-射线衍射仪测定了铬渣及解毒铬渣的表面形貌、比表面及物相组成。在模拟环境条件下对解毒铬渣进行了浸出毒性试验,结果表明,解毒铬渣在环境条件下是安全的。      

E‐waste in the world today: An overview of problems and a proposal for improvement in Brazil

Environmental issues have been at the center of society's concerns for a long time. Recently, this kind of concern is growing even more due to the damage caused to the environment by electrical and electronic product waste. Based on this same concern, this work aimed to analyze, through a literature review, the production and treatment of electronic waste in today's world, with an emphasis on Brazil and China. The articles reviewed point to an increase in the production of this type of waste, in both Brazil and China, and reveal that the current processes of treatment of electronic waste mostly aim to obtain profit through the recovery of precious metals such as copper. This paper concluded that although Brazil is one of the major producers of e‐waste, more than 90% of its e‐waste has not had a proper final destination. This deficiency in e‐waste treatment in Brazil is mainly due to financial factors and the lack of a robust educational policy focused on the environment. Thus, this work suggests the implementation of an effective educational policy aimed at environmental conservation, as well as investments in research on recycling methods in Brazil, especially on the use of e‐waste as an aggregate in the manufacture of concrete.     

Evaluating efforts to build sustainable WEEE reverse logistics network design: comparison of regulatory and non-regulatory approaches

Many developing countries such as Turkey are still making an effort on building an infrastructure for waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) reverse logistic network design (RLND) processes. It is obvious that policies/laws/regulations related to WEEE management provide a sustainable framework for implementation in the RLND. The question is here: Does the implementation of WEEE directives make sense in terms of reducing the total cost of the network in the long term? This study aims to compare regulatory and non-regulatory situations of WEEE RLND in developing countries by formulating two models named as ‘regulatory’ and ‘non-regulatory’. Model 1 is considered as sustainable with economic, environmental and social goals, and the quotas imposed by the environmental directive are taken into consideration as the data of product return amount. In Model 2, only economic goal is considered, and product return amount is forecasted using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). A case study is conducted in a recycling company in order to evaluate performance of the proposed models. This study contributes to the relevant literature by (1) comparing the regulatory and non-regulatory situations RL models explicitly and (2) proposing ANN model to forecast EEE product return or WEEE quantity for non-regulatory situation.     

混合振动试验在汽车电子装备中的应用和要点

环境试验方法国家标准试验Fi：振动 混合模式（GB/T2423.58-2008）已经发布。彩混合振动试验的《道路车辆电气及电子设备的环境条件和试验》国家标准（制订征求意见稿）已经公示。文内介绍了混合模式振动试验在汽车电子装备中的应用,以及混合模式振动试验的过程要素和试验的技术要点。     

环境条件对某型陆军导弹电子设备可靠性的影响

首先提出某型陆军导弹电子设备对于整个导弹武器系统的正常工作具有重要作用,其次分析了环境条件对某型陆军导弹电子设备的影响,最后,有针对性地提出了增强其电子设备安全性的措施。并指出加强对某型陆军导弹电子设备的环境适应性研究,对于增强装备的可靠性有着积极的作用。     

道路车辆电气和电子设备样品在振动冲击等动力学试验中的安装

在试验方法和要求标准化后,振动冲击等动力学试验中的安装问题是决定试验是否合理和试验成败的关键要素。道路车辆电子元件和设备型样品的动力学试验是考核样品安装在车辆上使用条件下的适用性。振动试验还叠加了温度和温度变化环境,条件尤为复杂严酷。文内介绍了动力学试验中的安装需要考虑的技术要素,为试验实施中妥善合理地进行样品安装提供支持.