全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3661篇 |
免费 | 359篇 |
国内免费 | 1917篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 269篇 |
废物处理 | 161篇 |
环保管理 | 512篇 |
综合类 | 3455篇 |
基础理论 | 581篇 |
污染及防治 | 601篇 |
评价与监测 | 251篇 |
社会与环境 | 71篇 |
灾害及防治 | 36篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 15篇 |
2023年 | 76篇 |
2022年 | 149篇 |
2021年 | 194篇 |
2020年 | 164篇 |
2019年 | 185篇 |
2018年 | 164篇 |
2017年 | 169篇 |
2016年 | 235篇 |
2015年 | 244篇 |
2014年 | 333篇 |
2013年 | 340篇 |
2012年 | 435篇 |
2011年 | 417篇 |
2010年 | 328篇 |
2009年 | 336篇 |
2008年 | 214篇 |
2007年 | 349篇 |
2006年 | 297篇 |
2005年 | 221篇 |
2004年 | 200篇 |
2003年 | 164篇 |
2002年 | 153篇 |
2001年 | 127篇 |
2000年 | 94篇 |
1999年 | 73篇 |
1998年 | 45篇 |
1997年 | 46篇 |
1996年 | 28篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 20篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有5937条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
人工湿地控制非点源污染的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
随着点源污染的有效管理和控制,非点源污染已成为水环境污染的主要原因。人工湿地作为一种控制水环境非点源污染的有效工具,已被世界上很多国家所认可。本文首先简述了非点源污染的危害,其次对人工湿地的概念和类型进行了介绍,论述了人工湿地对非点源污染中氮、磷、重金属和农药等主要污染物的去除机理,最后对人工湿地处理系统的附属设施、水力因素、表土层以及植物收割等应用问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
132.
Mohammad N. Almasri Jagath J. Kaluarachchi 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2004,40(1):165-186
ABSTRACT: This paper presents a modeling approach based on a geographic information system (GIS) to estimate the variability of on‐ground nitrogen loading and the corresponding nitrate leaching to ground water. The methodology integrates all point and nonpoint sources of nitrogen, the national land cover database, soil nitrogen transformations, and the uncertainty of key soil and land use‐related parameters to predict the nitrate mass leaching to ground water. The analysis considered 21 different land use classes with information derived from nitrogen sources such as fertilizer and dairy manure applications, dairy lagoons, septic systems, and dry and wet depositions. Simulations were performed at a temporal resolution of one month to capture seasonal trends. The model was applied to a large aquifer of 376 square miles in Washington State that serves more than 100,000 residents with drinking water. The results showed that dairy manure is the main source of nitrogen in the area followed by fertilizers. It was also seen that nitrate leaching is controlled by the recharge rate, and there can be a substantial buildup of soil nitrogen over long periods of time. Uncertainty analysis showed that denitrification rate is the most influential parameter on nitrate leaching. The results showed that combining management alternatives is a successful strategy, especially with the use of nitrification inhibitors. Also, change in the land use pattern has a noticeable impact on nitrate leaching. 相似文献
133.
Mario Tiscareo‐Lpez Miguel Velsquez‐Valle Jaime Salinas‐Garcia Alma Delia Bez‐Gonzlez 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2004,40(2):401-408
ABSTRACT: Intensive cropping systems based on mechanical movement of soil have induced land degradation in most agricultural areas due to soil erosion and soil fertility losses. Thus, farmers have been increasing fertilization rates to maintain an economically competitive crop yield. This practice has resulted in water quality degradation and lake eutrophication in many agricultural watersheds. Research was conducted in the Patzcuaro watershed in central Mexico to develop appropriate technology that prevents nonpoint source pollution from fertilizers. Organic matter (OM) and nitrogen (N) losses in runoff and nitrate (NO3‐N) percolation in Andisols with corn under conventional till (CT) and no‐till (NT) treatments using variable percentages of crop residue as soil cover were investigated for steep‐slope agriculture. USLE type runoff plots were used to collect water runoff, while suction tubes with porous caps at 30, 60, and 90 cm depth were used to sample soil water solutes for NO3‐N analyses. Results indicated a significant reduction of N and OM losses in runoff as residue cover increased in the NT treatments. Inorganic N in runoff was 25 kg/ha for NT without residue cover (NT‐0) and 6 kg/ha for the NT with 100 percent residue cover (NT‐100). Organic matter losses in runoff were 157 and 24 kg/ha for the NT‐0 and NT‐100 treatments, respectively. Nitrate‐N percolation was evident in CT and NT with 100 percent residue cover (NT‐100). However, NT‐100 had higher NO3‐N concentration at the root zone, suggesting the possibility of reducing fertilization rates with the use of NT treatments. 相似文献
134.
135.
136.
137.
地理信息系统(GIS)技术现已广泛应用于环境领域。简要介绍了该技术的功能特点,并从大气、水、土壤、噪声四个方面探讨了GIS在环境保护中的应用。研究结果表明,GIS是研究环境子系统协同效应的实用技术。 相似文献
138.
Ross S. Lunetta Richard G. Greene John G. Lyon 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2005,41(5):1129-1147
This study quantified nonpoint source nitrogen (NPS‐N) sources and sinks across the 14,582 km2 Neuse River Basin (NRB) located in North Carolina, to provide tabular data summaries and graphic overlay products to support the development of management approaches to best achieve established N reduction goals. First, a remote sensor derived, land cover classification was performed to support modeling needs. Modeling efforts included the development of a mass balance model to quantify potential N sources and sinks, followed by a precipitation event driven hydrologic model to effectively transport excess N across the landscape to individual stream reaches to support subsequent labeling of transported N values corresponding to source origin. Results indicated that agricultural land contributed 55 percent of the total annual NPS‐N loadings, followed by forested land at 23 percent (background), and urban areas at 21 percent. Average annual N source contributions were quantified for agricultural (1.4 kg/ha), urban (1.2 kg/ha), and forested cover types (0.5 kg/ha). Nonpoint source‐N contributions were greatest during the winter (40 percent), followed by spring (32 percent), summer (28 percent), and fall (0.3 percent). Seasonal total N loadings shifted from urban dominated and forest dominated sources during the winter, to agricultural sources in the spring and summer. A quantitative assessment of the significant NRB land use activities indicated that high (greater than 70 percent impervious) and medium (greater than 35 percent impervious) density urban development were the greatest contributors of NPS‐N on a unit area basis (1.9 and 1.6 kg/ha/yr, respectively), followed by row crops and pasture/hay cover types (1.4 kg/ha/yr). 相似文献
139.
ABSTRACTThe present study was carried out to investigate the effect of three organic matters (stalk powder, microbial fertilizer, and manure) on Leymus chinensis germination, growth, and urease activity and available nitrogen (N) in coastal saline soil. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design with eight treatments: J0V0Y0, J1V0Y0, J0V1Y0, J0V0Y1, J1V1Y0, J1V0Y1, J0V1Y1, J1V1Y1. The notations were based on the quantities of each agent added to 1 kg of coastal saline soil: J0 – no straw powder, J1 – 0.2 kg straw powder, Y0 – no manure, Y1 – 0.3 kg manure, V0 – no microbial fertilizer, V1 – 0.2 L microbial fertilizer, each in quantic repeat. L. chinensis was sown as 50 seeds per pot. Results indicated that addition of organic agents exerted a significantly enhanced germination, increase in fresh weight and elevated soil urease activity. Soil available N levels were significantly positively correlated with soil urease activity and fresh weight, but not with germination rate. It is noteworthy that the halophyte L. chinensis showed improved characteristics when grown in coastal saline soil with addition of organic amendments. 相似文献
140.
Natural gas is a kind of clean, efficient green energy source, which is used widely. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is produced by cooling natural gas to −161 °C, at which it becomes the liquid. Once LNG was released, fire or explosion would happen when ignition source existed nearby. The high expansion foam (Hi-Ex foam) is believed to quickly blanket on the top of LNG spillage pool and warm the LNG vapor to lower the vapor cloud density at the ground level and raising vapor buoyancy. To identify the physical structure after it contacted with LN2 and to develop heat transfer model, the small-scale field test with liquid nitrogen (LN2) was designed. In experiment, three layers including frozen ice layer, frozen Hi-Ex layer and soft layer of Hi-Ex foam were observed at the steady state. By characterizing physical structure of the foam, formulas for calculating the surface of single foam bubble and counting foam film thickness were deduced. The micro heat transfer and evaporation model between cryogenic liquid and Hi-Ex foam was established. Indicating the physical structure of the frozen ice layer, there were a certain number of icicles below it. The heat transfer and evaporation mathematical model between the frozen ice layer and LNG was derived. Combining models above with the heat transfer between LNG, ground and cofferdam, the heat transfer and evaporation mathematical model of LNG covered by Hi-Ex foam was developed eventually. Finally, LN2 evaporation rate calculated by this model was compared with the measured evaporation rate. The calculated results are 1.2–2.1 times of experimental results, which were acceptable in engineering and proved the model was reliable. 相似文献