Implementation of the European IPPC Directive—BAT guidelines for the cement industry in Cyprus

The European Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive 96/61/EC aims to introduce a European-wide system of integrated prevention and control of pollution in order to secure a high level of protection to the environment as a whole. It places obligations on the Member States (MS) to introduce controls that ensure operators comply with the Directive. In this framework, as a part of the implementation process leading to formal accession of Cyprus to the European Union, the National Technical University of Athens has examined all documents related to the Best Available Techniques (BATs) published by Institutes and Organisations, such as the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies in Spain, the Environmental Protection Agency in Ireland, the World Bank Group and the Ministry for the Environment, Planning and Public Works in Greece. A series of guidelines were developed for the application of BATs for 14 categories of the Cypriot industry that fall into the IPPC Directive. The concept of BATs plays a central role in the Directive because it provides a basis for setting Emission Limit Values (ELVs) as well as the principal benchmark for determining the obligations of industrial operators in respect of pollution prevention and control. This paper presents the guidelines for cement manufacture in Cyprus.     

螺旋藻的应用价值及环境保护功能

本文综述了螺旋藻的基本特性，营养价值，药用价值及开发利用现状，着重讨论了螺旋藻的能源价值和在环境污染净化中的作用，展望了应用发展前景。     

吸附-混凝-紫外光催化氧化法处理医药废水的研究

采用吸附—混凝—紫外光催化氧化法对医药废水进行处理。在废水pH为6.8、聚合氯化铝（PAC）和阳离子聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）的和量分别为400和12mg/L条件下，废水COD、色度去除率分别为37.8%、72.7%；在废水（混凝处理后）pH为3、分3次加入H2O2（投加量为2.5g/L）条件下，紫外光照射6h后，废水COD、色度去除率分别为97.6%、100%。用该法处理后的医药废水，其COD、色度去除率分别为99.1%、100%，出水水质达到医药行业废水二级排放标准。     

The experiences of four corporate officials managing compliance with the Massachusetts Toxics Use Reduction Act

The Massachusetts Toxics Use Reduction Act (TURA), one of the original pollution prevention laws, has faced repeated repeal attempts and budget cuts. Yet the Massachusetts toxics use data and other analyses have provided firm indications that the law has actually worked. Though the program has survived it is notable that an approach that both saves money and reduces pollution has been reduced and not expanded. This paper does not attempt to answer the question of why the strategies of TURA have not seen wider application, but offers four stories to illustrate what happens when they are properly applied. The experience of corporate officials who had to comply with TURA, related at a symposium on the occasion of the law’s 20th anniversary, shed light on how a strong pollution prevention law can benefit regulated companies as well as the environment and worker and public health, and provide suggestions, in addition to data and surveys, that TURA-like sets of governance tools should receive wider consideration.     

扁袋除尘器在木工车间通风除尘中的应用

介绍了模块式扁袋除尘器的工作原理及技术特点.通过某木工制造厂木工车间通风除尘工程应用实践,证明该除尘器能满足木工车间通风除尘、劳动保护和环境保护的需要,并能取得良好的治理效果.     

钢铁生产流程污染贡献综合评价方法研究

采用层次分析法,建立了钢铁生产过程污染贡献综合评价的指标体系和评价方法,并将其应用于不同生产规模和技术水平的2个典型案例(钢铁联合企业A和B)的各工序污染贡献整体性评价. 结果表明:企业A和B各工序污染贡献排序基本相同,与实际情况相符,但企业B各工序污染贡献综合评价值低于企业A,表明规模效应和技术进步可以大幅降低过程的污染强度;铁前工序是钢铁行业污染最为严重的环节,是清洁生产技术升级的关键所在.      

二级UASB厌氧工艺在制药废水中的应用

抗菌素制药污水复杂,其CODCr高达39000mgL,硫酸盐的浓度在6500mgL左右,常规工艺很难处理,山东某制药厂采用了二级厌氧工艺处理此类废水,取得了良好的处理效果和经济效益。     

广东省药物活性化合物的污染特征及生态风险评价

随着药物活性化合物(PhACs)的大量生产和使用,PhACs已成为环境中的一类新污染物.为了调查PhACs在广东省的污染特征,采集了全广东省21个城市,包括178个乡镇及行政区,共186个污水厂的原始污水.采用全自动固相萃取仪和高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱联用仪,分析了污水厂进水中10种典型PhACs的污染水平,全面揭示了PhACs在广东省的空间分布特征,并对PhACs的潜在生态风险进行评价.调查结果表明,全部污水厂均有PhACs检出,各污水厂进水中∑PhACs质量浓度范围为21.00～9 558.25 ng·L^-1,其中美托洛尔、对乙酰氨基酚、苯扎贝特和咖啡因是广东省污水厂进水中的主要污染物.在空间分布上,广东省各区域∑PhACs质量浓度平均值呈现出珠三角>粤北>粤东≈粤西的分布特征.根据污水厂的处理工艺,对∑PhACs质量浓度超过2 500 ng·L^-1的污水厂的出水质量浓度进行估算,并根据估算的出水进行PhACs的生态风险评价.结果表明,广东省PhACs的生态风险较低,苯扎贝特在韶关、江门和深圳呈现出中风险,∑PhACs生态...     

典型农药制造企业废气污染物排放特征及风险评估

选取2家典型农药制造企业为研究对象,探究农药制造行业废气排放特征、环境影响和人体健康风险.结果表明,不同企业由于产品、生产环节的不同产生的污染物存在一定差异,A企业污染物以氨、含氧有机物和卤代烃为主,B企业污染物以卤代烃为主.臭氧生成潜势(OFP)范围在1.96～107.24 mg·m^-3之间,二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(SOAFP)范围为0.94～74.72 mg·m^-3,对OFP和SOAFP贡献较大为含氧有机物、芳香烃和卤代烃.农药企业恶臭物质较为复杂,主要恶臭物质涵盖了硫化物、含氧有机物、含氮化合物和芳香烃.农药企业所有排气筒废气的LCR均高于10^-6,存在一定的致癌风险,A企业LCR范围为4.10×10^-6～5.34×10^-3之间,B企业LCR范围在1.23×10^-3～4.35×10^-1之间,卤代烃,特别是1,2-二氯乙烷是农药企业主要的致癌风险物质,需要企业加以重视.     

北京市典型溶剂使用行业VOCs成分谱

基于北京市挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放清单和下一阶段VOCs减排的需求,针对汽车整车制造、木质家具制造和出版物印刷这3个主要溶剂使用行业,分别选取典型企业作为研究对象,采用负压法对重点排放环节进行采样,以GC-MS/FID系统测定样品中VOCs组分构成,从而获取了北京市典型溶剂使用行业VOCs成分谱.结果表明,汽车整车制造主要排放环节排放的VOCs组分存在明显差异,色漆涂装工序以含氧VOCs和芳香烃为主,分别占比71. 26%和27. 14%,罩光工序芳香烃达到84. 10%;木质家具制造业不同排放环节的VOCs组分差异不大,均以含氧VOCs和芳香烃为主,分别占55. 08%和18. 98%;出版物印刷业不同排放环节无法单独监测,其混合废气VOCs组分以烷烃和含氧VOCs为主,分别占比47. 29%和44. 57%.