江西赣州西坑银矿地质特征

西坑银矿为20世纪80年代在检查验证化探异常时发现的,后经详查评价确定为中低温热液充填交代形成的硅化破碎蚀变岩型银矿床,其银资源储量达中型规模。因其矿体硫化物少,蚀变弱,肉眼难于辨别,但银品位富等特点而倍受找矿界的关注。本文介绍了矿床的发现过程,成矿地质特征和找矿标志。     

凤眼莲对含银废水的净化研究——动态模拟试验

动态模拟试验结果表明,凤眼莲对含银废水具有很强的净化能力.当污水停留时间为24—48h时,银的净化率达98.6％以上,BOD_5为91.0％,COD_(Cr)为44.6％,浊度为91.1％,总磷(TP)为53.9％,NH_4~+-N为40.4％,NO_2~--N为92.9％,NO_3~--N为37.6％,PO_4~(3-)为56.8％.它与同期运行的活性污泥法相比较,效果要好.     

Investigations on simultaneous determination of silverand mercury in catalytic-ligand substitutionreaction with stopped - flow techniquecalibrated by synergistic effect

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银纳米颗粒对水葱早期生长和生理特征的影响

选取挺水植物水葱(Scirpus tabernaemontani)为受试物种,研究柠檬酸钠-银纳米颗粒(N-AgNPs)对水葱早期生长和生理特性的影响.结果表明:N-AgNPs显著促进了水葱叶片的生长,与N-0 mg·L~(-1)(对照组)相比,N-5 mg·L~(-1)、N~(-1)0 mg·L~(-1)、N~(-1)5 mg·L~(-1)、N-20 mg·L~(-1)处理组水葱叶片的生长速率分别增加20.7%、37.6%、42.9%、47.7%,生物量分别增加77.3%、158.2%、95.5%、127%,叶片中叶绿素含量分别增加23.3%、67.7%、85.2%、80.5%.N-AgNPs浓度与水葱的生长速率、生物量、叶绿素的含量呈正相关关系.另一方面,N-AgNPs浓度增大提高了光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)反应中心的光能转换效率(F_v/F_m),且N-AgNPs浓度与F_v/F_m呈显著正相关关系.N-5 mg·L~(-1)处理组水葱叶片PSⅡ功能反应中心开放度(ΔFv/Fm)最大,光合电子传递速率(ETR)最快,光合电子传递活性(qP)最大.然而,随着N-AgNPs浓度增大,水葱叶片PSⅡ功能反应中心开放度减小,光合电子传递速率逐渐变慢,光合电子传递活性逐渐降低.另外,N-AgNPs浓度增加降低了水葱叶片中的丙二醛含量,膜脂过氧化作用减弱;N-AgNPs浓度增加降低了水葱叶片中脯氨酸含量,水葱自我调节能力减弱.     

Silica nanoparticles and silver-doped silica nanoparticles induce endoplasmatic reticulum stress response and alter cytochrome P4501A activity

Engineered silica nanoparticles (SiO₂-NPs) find widespread application and may lead to exposure of humans and the environment. Here we compare the effects of SiO₂-NPs and SiO₂-NPs doped with silver (SiO₂-Ag-NPs) on survival and cellular function of human liver cells (Huh7) and Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) fibroblast cells (FMH). In Huh7 cells we investigate effects on the endoplasmatic reticulum (ER), including ER stress, and interactions of nanoparticles (NPs) with metabolizing enzymes and efflux transporters. The NPs formed agglomerates/aggregates in cell culture media as revealed by SEM and TEM. SiO₂ and SiO₂-1% Ag-NPs were taken up into cells as demonstrated by agglomerates occurring in vesicular-like structures or freely dispersed in the cytosol. Cytotoxicity was more pronounced in Huh7 than in FMH cells, and increased with silver content in silver-doped NPs. Dissolved silver was the most significant factor for cytotoxicity. At toxic and non-cytotoxic concentrations SiO₂-NPs and SiO₂-1% Ag-NPs induced perturbations in the function of ER. In Huh7 cells NPs induced the unfolded protein response (UPR), or ER stress response, as demonstrated in induced expression of BiP and splicing of XBP1 mRNA, two selective markers of ER stress. Additionally, SiO₂-1% Ag-NPs and AgNO₃ induced reactive oxygen species. Pre-treatment of Huh7 cells with SiO₂-1% Ag-NPs followed by exposure to the inducer benzo(a)pyrene caused a significant reduced induction of CYP1A activity. NPs did not alter the activity of ABC transporters. These data demonstrate for the first time that SiO₂-NPs and SiO₂-1% Ag-NPs result in perturbations of the ER leading to the ER stress response. This represents a novel and significant cellular signalling pathway contributing to the cytotoxicity of NPs.     

鲢鳙放养水平对淀山湖浮游植物群落影响的围隔实验

在淀山湖进行放养不同密度鲢、鳙的围隔实验（密度水平梯度设置为0、40、80和120 g/m3）,探索鲢、鳙的现场控藻效果。结果表明,实验后期（8—9月）,鲢、鳙放养密度为80 g/m3和120 g/m3的围隔对叶绿素a的去除效果显著（P〈0.05）;且放养密度为80 g/m3的围隔蓝藻比例降幅最明显。鲢、鳙对较大个体藻...     

碳基高价银分子晶体电池处理LAS污染源水试验研究

以扬州第四水厂沉淀后的出水作为原水，模拟突发LAS污染，通过投加碳基高价银分子晶体电池进行应急处理的实验研究。实验结果表明：碳基高价银分子晶体电池对LAS的吸附，在30min内能达到81％的吸附容量；碳基高价银分子晶体电池对LAS的吸附，符合Freundlich吸附模式；溶液pH小于5时，吸附效果较好；对进水浓度小于4．75mg／L的LAS污染水样，接触时间在10min以内，便能使出水中LAS的浓度达到生活饮用水0．3mg／L的限值。     

表面增强拉曼光谱技术检测高氯酸根离子

高氯酸根离子是水质污染物中常见的污染源之一.通过化学还原法制备稳定、分散性好的纳米银溶胶颗粒(粒径为30～40 nm),并以此为基底,探究了利用表面增强拉曼光谱技术迅速准确地检测质量浓度为10-6～10-1 g/L的高氯酸根离子溶液的表面增强拉曼光谱.结果表明,当高氯酸根离子质量浓度为10-5～10-1 g/L时,随着高氯酸根离子浓度的降低,表面增强拉曼光谱强度逐渐减弱.     

氯离子对COD测定影响的探讨

研究含有高氯离子样品COD的测定,发现其中的白色沉淀为AgCl。实验结果证明,按照标准方法,当取样体积为20 mL时,按0.4 g HgSO4络合2 000 mg/L Cl-的比例投加掩蔽Cl-可以取得理想的效果。     

废旧电子线路板中铜、镍、银的连续测定

为解决废旧电子线路板金属检测过程中所遇到的金属分布不均匀以及金属难以浸取问题,采取适当的样品前处理和样品全分析法。通过对样品进行适当前处理,先灼烧破坏其有机物,再以王水全部溶解样品,在一定条件下,碘量法测定铜、原子吸收光谱法测定镍和银,相对标准偏差均小于3.5%。