芳烃类有机物结构与活性相关的模式参数研究

从理论上探讨有机物生物活性效应的相关模式,选用７种典型分子表征参数,对４７种芳香烃类有机物的大型蚤毒效应进行相关分析,结果表明,芳烃类有机物分子对生物活性的影响为：疏／亲水性＞电性效应＞空间效应,实验给出了多元优化回归方程。     

茨榆山乡上窝铺泥石流灾害特征及防治对策

秦皇岛北部山区泥石流地质灾害隐患威胁着当地居民的生命财产安全,严重阻碍了乡村经济的快速发展。以青龙满族自治县茨榆山乡上窝铺泥石流为例,通过实地调查与数据分析,确定了泥石流成因、类型、活动状况、危害性、危险区范围;获取了泥石流流体重度规律、泥石流流速、泥石流流量、一次性固体冲出物主要力学参数特征;根据泥石流的特点及主要参数,提出监测预警方案及工程治理方案。     

环境雌激素对男性生育因子的破坏作用

本文介绍了环境雌激素多氯联苯(PCBs)和酞酸酯(PEs)对男性生育因子的破坏作用,以及PCBs和PEs对精液参数的作用机制．对生育和不育男性的精液参数间的差异、精液异雌激素和精液参数间的相关性,以及不同范畴的不育男性精液质量的分析表明,PCBs和PEs对无明显病原学的不育男性的精液质量可能有破坏作用．     

冲击采样器设计参数分析

在颗粒物研究中 ,分级采样是一种常用的监测方法 ,而冲击采样器是颗粒物分级采样的重要仪器。从颗粒物的受力分析着手 ,得到了冲击采样器重要参数———斯托克斯数的表达式 ,并对TSP、PM1 0 和PM2 5冲击采样器设计参数进行了详细分析 ,得到了采样器设计参数的关系式及相关曲线     

Impact of mining industries on the groundwater level fluctuation in Singrauli coalfield area by using remote sensing and GIS,India

The coal mining industries influence hydro-geological parameters, which affect the aquifer recharge in the coal mining areas. This research aimed to evaluate the impact of various hydro-geological parameters on fluctuation of groundwater level in the study area. The various hydro-geological parameters such as soil, geology, drainage pattern, elevation and slope have been considered to accomplish the objective. A comparative analysis was performed by comparing the groundwater level fluctuation (WLF) map with the GIS-based various hydro-geological parameter maps to assess the combined influence of different hydro-geological parameters on groundwater level fluctuation. A total of eighty-six (86) dug-wells were chosen to monitor the level of the groundwater for around ten blocks of Singrauli coalfield, and these wells were examined during the months of dry and wet seasons for 2016. Based on the comparative analysis between the WLF map and thematic maps of various hydro-geological parameters, it has been found that WLF in the south-western and some portions of the north-eastern showed moderate to a higher value. This may be because most of the non-hilly areas come under gentle to moderate slope category, with lower elevation in the area forming the suitable hydro-geological condition for recharging groundwater. It was observed that the northwest, south-east and central part of the study area showed lower WLF, which may be due to the presence of overburden dump, presence of higher elevation and steep slope. Thus, the combined effect of slope, elevation, geology, drainage and mining activities on the WLF in the study region is moderate.     

Application of best subset method for river water quality modeling: A study on Godavari River,India

The utilization of water quality analysis to inform optimal decision-making is imperative to achieve sustainable management of river water quality. A multitude of research works in the past has focused on river water quality modeling. Despite being a precise statistical regression technique that allows for fitting separate models for all potential combinations of predictors and selecting the optimal subset model, the application of best subset method in river water quality modeling is not widely adopted. The current research aims to validate the use of best subset method in evaluating the water quality parameters of the Godavari River, one of the largest rivers in India, by developing regression equations for different combinations of its physicochemical parameters. The study involves in formulating best subset regression equations to estimate the concentrations of river water quality parameters while also identifying and quantifying their variations. A total of 17 water quality parameters are analyzed at 13 monitoring sites using 13 years (1993–2005) of observed data for the monsoon (June–October) period and post-monsoon (November–February) period. The final subset model is selected among model combinations that are developed for each year's dataset through widely used statistical criteria such as R², F value, adjusted R²_a, AIC_c, and RSS. The final best subset model across all parameters exhibits R² values surpassing 0.8, indicating that the models possess the ability to account for over 80% of the variations in the concentrations of dependent parameters. Therefore, the findings demonstrated the appropriateness of this method in evaluating the water quality parameters in extensive rivers. This work is very useful for decision-making and in the management of river water quality for its sustainable use in the study area.     

白洋淀喹诺酮类抗生素在底栖动物中的生物富集特征

利用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法(HPLC-MS)对白洋淀水体、沉积物以及7种底栖动物中喹诺酮类抗生素(QNs)进行检测,并探究QNs在底栖动物中的生物富集特征及其与环境因子的相关性.结果表明:在白洋淀水体中,ΣQNs浓度为0.7380～2004ng/L,其中氟甲喹(FLU)平均浓度最高(168.0ng/L),而在底栖动物...     

瑞昌地震后鄱阳湖口地区的设计地震动参数校核研究

2005年11月26日在江西九江、瑞昌间发生了5.7级地震,震中烈度达7度强。瑞昌地震后,开展了对鄱阳湖口地区重大工程设计地震动参数的校核研究,分析了瑞昌地震后区域地震背景变化和地震震后活动趋势,对发震构造进行了综合判定,划分出了瑞昌潜在震源区,并针对该地区某大型桥梁进行了地震危险性分析和设计地震动工程参数的校核计算。结果表明,瑞昌地震是近场区外的中强地震,对鄱阳湖口地区设计地震动工程参数影响很小。本文的工作为破坏性地震震后重大工程设计地震动参数的校核工作提供了范例。     

核电厂扩建工程设计地震动参数校核研究(英文)

核电工程从预可行性研究到正式施工设计,往往有一个很长的周期。以秦山核电二期工程建设项目为例,地震动参数确定是在十多年前完成的,因此其设计地震动参数的校核工作应当在吸收这十多年来我国在活动构造识别、地震活动的不均匀性处理、地震区带划分、潜在震源区的识别和参数确定、地震动衰减等方面的最新研究成果的基础上进行。研究结果表明,新增的地震地质资料进一步补充了原工作报告对地震地质研究的结论,地震的活动特征则没有发生根本变化;工作区内破坏性地震的平均震源深度约为12 km,与全国平均震源深度(约为15 km)有差别。在对工作区地震地质、地震活动背景最新研究的基础上,考虑本地区有代表性的不同潜在震源区的划分方案,分别采用对应的地震动参数衰减关系进行地震危险性概率分析计算,校核后综合确定秦山核电二期扩建工程厂址的极限安全地震动SL-2为0.15 g,这与1990年的结论一致。本文提出的核电扩建工程地震动参数校核工作的技术路线,可供类似的重大工程地震动参数校核参考。     

Influence of urban spatial and socioeconomic parameters on PM2.5 at subdistrict level: A land use regression study in Shenzhen, China

The intraurban distribution of PM_2.5 concentration is influenced by various spatial, socioeconomic, and meteorological parameters. This study investigated the influence of 37 parameters on monthly average PM_2.5 concentration at the subdistrict level with Pearson correlation analysis and land-use regression (LUR) using data from a subdistrict-level air pollution monitoring network in Shenzhen, China. Performance of LUR models is evaluated with leave-one-out-cross-validation (LOOCV) and holdout cross-validation (holdout CV). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that Normalized Difference Built-up Index, artificial land fraction, land surface temperature, and point-of-interest (POI) numbers of factories and industrial parks are significantly positively correlated with monthly average PM_2.5 concentrations, while Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Green View Factor show significant negative correlations. For the sparse national stations, robust LUR modelling may rely on a priori assumptions in direction of influence during the predictor selection process. The month-by-month spatial regression shows that RF models for both national stations and all stations show significantly inflated mean values of R² compared with cross-validation results. For MLR models, inflation of both R² and R²_CV was detected when using only national stations and may indicate the restricted ability to predict spatial distribution of PM_2.5 levels. Inflated within-sample R² also exist in the spatiotemporal LUR models developed with only national stations, although not as significant as spatial LUR models. Our results suggest that a denser subdistrict level air pollutant monitoring network may improve the accuracy and robustness in intraurban spatial/spatiotemporal prediction of PM_2.5 concentrations.