Nitrogen cycling of atmosphere-plant-soft system in the typical Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

The nitrogen(N)distribution and cycling of atmosphere-plant-soil system in the typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland (TMCW)and marsh meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland(MMCW)in the Sanjiang plain were studied by a compartment model.The results showed that the N wet deposition amount was 0.757 gN/(m~2.a),and total inorganic N(TIN)was the main body (0.640 gN/(m~2.a)).The ammonia volatilization amounts of TMCW and MMCW soils in growing season were 0.635 and 0.687 gN/m~2, and the denitrification gaseous lost amounts were 0.617 and 0.405 gN/m~2,respectively.In plant subsystem,the N was mainly stored in root and litter.Soil organic N was the main N storage of the two plant-soil systems and the proportions of it were 93.98% and 92.16%, respectively.The calculation results of N turnovers among compartments of TMCW and MMCW showed that the uptake amounts of root were 23.02 and 28.18 gN/(m~2.a)and the values of aboveground were 11.31 and 6.08 gN/(m~2.a),the re-translocation amounts from aboveground to root were 5.96 and 2.70 gN/(m~2.a),the translocation amounts from aboveground living body to litter were 5.35 and 3.38 gN/(m~2.a),the translocation amounts from litter to soil were larger than 1.55 and 3.01 gN/(m~2.a),the translocation amounts from root to soil were 14.90 and 13.17 gN/(m~2.a),and the soil(0-15 cm)N net mineralization amounts were 1.94 and 0.55 gN/(m~2.a), respectively.The study of N balance indicated that the two plant-soil systems might be situated in the status of lacking N,and the status might induce the degradation of C.angustifolia wetland.     

降低气流粉碎过程中噪声强度的研究

主要报导了超音速气流超细粉碎过程中噪声产生的原因、影响因素及降低噪声强度所采取的技术原理途径与措施。研究结果表明 :采用CSQ消声装置完全可以将超音速气流粉碎过程中产生的噪声 130dB(A)降低到国家规定的标准 85dB(A)之下。该装置结构简单 ,既能消除噪声 ,又便于产品卸料 ,拆卸清理方便 ,综合性能良好。     

人工湿地处理污水的研究

简要介绍了人工湿地的发展历史、原理及优点；并对沙井镇人工湿地进行探讨和检测，其ＣＯＤｃｒ去除率可达８３％，总氮去除率达４５％，出水水质达国家排放标准。     

旋进型颗粒层除尘器的研究与试验

本文阐述了一种新型二级立式族进型颗粒层除尘器，它的关键技术采用独创的床外清灰及气流输送、滤料循环系统。该除尘器适用范围广、除尘效率高、成为新一代的除尘器专利产品。     

Detection of fetal HLA-DQα sequences in maternal blood: A gender-independent technique of fetal cell identification

The objective of this study was to detect fetal HLA-DQα gene sequences in maternal blood. HLA-DQα genotypes of 70 pregnant women and their partners were determined for type A1. We specifically sought couples where the father, but not the mother, had genotype A1. In 12 women, maternal blood samples were flow-sorted. Candidate fetal cells were isolated and amplified by using PCR primers specific for a paternal HLA-DQα A1 allele. Fetal HLA-DQα A1 genotype was predicted from sorted cells; amniocytes or cheek swabs were used for confirmation. Six of twelve sorted samples had amplification products indicating the presence of the HLA-DQα A1 allele; 6/12 did not. Prediction of the fetal genotype was 100 per cent correct, as determined by subsequent amplification of amniocytes or cheek swabs. We conclude that paternally inherited uniquely fetal HLA-DQα gene sequences can be identified in maternal blood. This system permits the identification of fetal cells independent of fetal gender, and has the potential for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of paternally inherited conditions.     

Kinetic-spectrophotometric determination of free cyanide by stopped-flow reversed flow injection analysis

A stopped-flow reversed flow injection method for the determination of free cyanide is proposed. Pyridine-barbituric acid mixture is injected in the flow system as reagent to form the colour species with cyanide. The flow is stopped when the reagent zone comes in the flow cell, where absorbance-time data are collected at 580nm wavelength. The linear range of the determination is 0.1 -10μg/ml CN-. The sampling rate is 60h-1 and the relative standard deviation is 1.6% (n=16) at 5.0 μg/ml CN-1 level. With satisfactory results, the proposed method was applied to the determination of free cyanide in wastewater without sample pretreatment.     

从植被演替和抗风性研究包兰线沙坡头段人工植被稳定性

运用群落演替与风沙流因子分析相结合的方法论证了群落的稳定性。在沙坡头地区,以油蒿为主的人工群落在长期的自然演替过程中已达到与生境条件相互适应的动态稳定过程。通过沙坡头与周边地区植被演替的比较研究,表明了该地区现有植被正形成(或已形成)偏途顶极序列,该植被在相当长的时间内会稳定存在,这些演替可促使沙坡头地区的人工植被向更为稳定的人工+自然复合生态系统以及自然生态系统方向变化。此外,风洞实验结果显示,沙坡头现有主要植被和地表能够抵抗较大风沙流胁迫,已形成了能够忍耐沙尘暴的生态系统。     

浓缩型入口下排气旋风分离器流场和性能的数值计算

运用CFD方法,对浓缩型入口下排气旋风分离器内的气固两相流动进行了研究。计算中气相采用RNGk-ε湍流模型,颗粒相采用拉格朗日坐标系下的离散相模型。重点计算了分离器流场、分离效率及其阻力特性,结果表明,采用浓缩入口后分离器内流场发生明显改变,分离器上部切向速度明显提高,有利于大颗粒的分离。同时通过对不同浓缩结构旋风分离器的分离效率和阻力特性进行分析比较,为工程设计提供了依据。     

城市生活垃圾无害化处理工艺

根据武汉市金口、郭茨口两个垃圾处理场情况 ,分析了城市生活垃圾处理现状及其危害 ,阐述了生活垃圾无害化处理工艺 ,提出生活垃圾无害化处理不仅可以实现资源的持续利用 ,而且奠定了城市可持续发展的基础     

封闭式芦苇湿地处理钻井泥浆的可行性研究

研究了现场中试条件下芦苇湿地处理钻井泥浆的可行性及钻井泥浆对土壤和芦苇等湿地介质的影响。研究结果表明：在7个月运行期内，单位面积钻井泥浆施入量5kg/m^2,20kg/m^2和40kg/m^2的芦苇湿地对矿物油的迁移降解率分别为75％－85％，78％－90％和65％－90％；钻进泥浆中的矿物油对湿地土壤的污染基本局限于表层，对深层土壤的污染趋势并不明显，一般40cm以下矿物含量已低于对照区表层土的背景值；钻井泥浆能增加芦苇的生物量，对芦苇品质指标的影响很小。