Significance of dredging on sediment denitrification in Meiliang Bay, China： A year long simulation study

An experiment for studying the effects of sediment dredging on denitrification in sediments was carried out through a one-year incubation of undredged (control) and dredged cores in laboratory. Dredging the upper 30 cm of sediment can significantly affect physico-chemical characteristics of sediments. Less degradation of organic matter in the dredged sediments was found during the experiment. Denitrification rates in the sediments were estimated by the acetylene blockage technique, and ranged from 21.6 to 102.7 nmol N2/(g dry weight (dw)·hr) for the undredged sediment and from 6.9 to 26.9 nmol N2/(g dw·hr) for dredged sediments. The denitrification rates in the undredged sediments were markedly higher (p0.05) than those in the dredged sediments throughout the incubation, with the exception of February 2006. The importance of various environmental factors on denitrification was assessed, which indicated that denitrification was regulated by temperature. Nitrate was probably the key factor limiting denitrification in both undredged and dredged sediments. Organic carbon played some role in determining the denitrification rates in the dredged sediments, but not in the undredged sediments. Sediment dredging influenced the mineralization of organic matter and denitrification in the sediment; and therefore changed the pattern of inherent cycling of nitrogen.     

佛山水道底泥环保疏浚研究

介绍了佛山水道概况、水体功能及水污染现状,对底泥污染物释放影响佛山水道水质的机理进行了分析,在此基础上提出了底泥环保疏浚方案并进行了比选.     

广吸力范围内国道G310路基黄土水力力学特性试验研究*

为探讨广吸力范围内国道G310路基黄土水力力学特性,采用WP4C仪、压力板法、滤纸法和蒸汽平衡法对其开展持水特性试验,用全自动直剪仪对具有不同初始干密度和不同吸力的试样进行强度特性试验,并结合压汞试验进行微观分析。根据上述试验数据提出快速预测抗剪强度公式。试验结果表明:随着初始干密度的增加,积聚体间孔隙体积发生收缩,积聚体内孔隙占主要作用。广吸力范围内试样的土水特征曲线随着初始干密度增大而向右上方偏移,而孔隙比随吸力的增加基本不变。抗剪强度随着初始干密度增大而增大,且随着吸力增加而增加。应力-应变曲线低吸力范围呈应变硬化现象,高吸力范围呈应变软化现象。利用Khalili & Khabbaz模型预测的抗剪强度值与实测值非常接近,因此该模型可用于预测广吸力范围内非饱和黄土的抗剪强度。     

分体式射流曝气器的试验研究

设计研制了一种新型的射流曝气器(也称分体式射流曝气器),提出了分体式设计的概念,它主要应用于小型和高浓度工业废水的实际处理工程中.在较宽的试验范围内着重研究了3个参数(长径比R₁、喉嘴比R₂和吸嘴比R₃)对吸气量的影响.结果表明:在较宽的喉嘴比范围内,吸气量存在波动,最佳喉嘴比出现的位置与混合管的长度有关;吸嘴比对吸气性能影响不大;长径比对吸气性能影响较大,最佳长径比可以在过渡区中寻找;试验结果同时也证实应用CFD数值仿真进行射流器的设计是可行的,本射流器的吸气量(900～1 100 L/min)和搅动范围均较大.     

环保疏浚的技术要求与环保绞刀的设计

湖泊底泥环保疏浚是消除内源性污染最快捷、最有效的方法,并为生态恢复创造条件,而环保绞刀是湖泊底泥环保疏浚的必要条件.阐述了环保疏浚的技术要求,设计了绞吸式挖泥船用环保绞刀,满足了湖泊底泥环保疏浚的需要.     

污染底泥修复治理技术研究进展

综述了疏浚、覆盖、化学处理和生物处理等底泥修复治理技术的研究进展,并指出该研究领域尚需解决的技术难题。     

Nutrient concentrations within and below root zones from applied chicken manure in selected Hawaiian soils

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of chicken manure (CM) application rates on nutrient concentrations within and below the root zone of sweet corn (Zea mays L. subsp. mays) under Hawaiian conditions. The research was conducted in leeward (Poamoho) and windward (Waimanalo) areas of Oahu, Hawaii, where contrasts exist in both climatic and soil conditions. Suction cup were used to collect soil solutions from 30 and 60 cm depths. Soil solutions were collected six times during the growing season at each location and analyzed for different nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu), nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃–N), ammonium-nitrogen (NH₄–N), electrical conductivity (EC), and pH. Analysis showed that CM rates significantly affected the concentration of macro-nutrients below the root zone at Poamoho and within the root zone at Waimanalo. In general, nutrient concentration increased with the increasing rates of CM application. There was a significant effect of CM on micro-nutrients except below the root zone at Poamoho. CM significantly affected NO₃–N concentration within the root zone for 15, 60 days after planting (DAP) at Poamoho, and 16, 28 DAP at Waimanalo. The effect was also significant on total nitrogen (N) concentration in the root zone across the two growing seasons at Waimanalo. There was a highly significant correlation between total N and NO₃–N, and EC within and below the root zone.     

黏土地基上吸力式沉箱基础的三维破坏包络面研究

作为新型的深水海洋基础形式,吸力式沉箱基础不仅要承受海洋平台结构及自身重量等竖向荷载的长期作用,而且往往承受波浪等所产生的水平荷载及力矩荷载分量,其承载特性是海洋工程结构设施建造与设计中的一个关键技术问题,但目前这种新型基础的工作性能评价与设计理论远远不能满足工程实践的需要。为此,本文以大型通用有限元分析软件ABAQU S为平台,数值实现基于位移控制的Sw ipe试验加载方法,分析了完全不排水条件下不同的水平荷载作用点吸力式沉箱基础的承载特性及V-H破坏包络面。同时,对完全不排水条件下吸力式沉箱基础在垂直上拔荷载V、水平荷载H和力矩M共同作用下的承载特性进行了三维有限元分析,数值实现了荷载-位移控制搜寻方法,确定了复合加载作用下吸力式沉箱基础的V-H-M三维破坏包络面。     

GDS三轴仪的非饱和土试验操作方法

与传统三轴仪相比,GDS三轴仪有着显著的优势。对GDS三轴仪的组成部分、工作原理和试验过程中的具体操作进行了详细介绍,并应用GDS三轴仪研究了某高心墙堆石坝非饱和土填料的强度特征,得到了该土样的抗剪强度参数。