Effects of ecological factors on the diurnal activity rhythm of Yakutian black-capped marmots (Marmota camtschatica bungei) in the arctic

It is established that the activity of marmots (the genusMarmota) on the surface is timed to the daylight period. In the Arctic, under conditions of continuous illumination (the polar day), the diurnal rhythm of black-capped marmotsMarmota camtschatica bungei on the surface has a “daylight” pattern. The main external regulator of the diurnal rhythm is the altitude of the sun above the horizon. In the cold period, however, the effect of air temperature on animal activity becomes stronger.     

城市旅游综合体发展模式与对策研究

旅游综合体顺应了世界休闲业发展的潮流，它以旅游为主导，是一种全新的生产力形态。界定了城市旅游综合体的基本概念，归纳了城市旅游综合体的主要特征，探讨了城市旅游综合体形成的机制，认为旅游消费转型发展、地方特色文化传承、城市商业发展、旅游供给能力升级、政府的城市发展政策支持是城市旅游综合体形成的主要因素。依据城市旅游综合体发展的核心驱动功能不同，将城市旅游综合体的开发模式分为娱乐旅游综合体、休闲度假游综合体、会展旅游综合体和商业旅游综合体4种类型，在此基础上，提出了促进城市旅游综合体健康持续发展的对策。     

红色旅游景区游客满意度研究

以我国知名红色旅游景区为研究对象，探讨了红色旅游景区游客满意度评价因子与整体满意度、重游意愿和推荐意愿之间的相互关系。通过因子分析法，萃取出5个红色旅游景区游客满意度评价因子——景区教育性、景区体验性、景区魅力性、景区服务、景区环境。分析显示，除性别、收入程度外，在年龄、受教育程度、职业等人口统计学变量下，红色旅游景区游客满意度评价存在显著性差异。多元回归分析验证了5个因子与整体满意度之间存在明显的正相关关系，除景区体验性外的4个因子与重游意愿和推荐意愿之间也存在明显的正相关关系。     

4种农药对土壤脱氢酶活性的影响

通过天王星、功夫、久效磷、氧化乐果4种农药对土壤脱氢酶活性的抑制性进行试验，确认了实验条件的影响因素，同时分析了不同农药用量、不同土样用量及不同培养时间对脱氢酶活性的影响。试验结果表明，4种农药在不同情况下对脱氢酶活性均有不同程度的抑制作用，表明了在本地区特有的农业环境条件下，农用化学物质可能会影响和破坏农业生态环境。     

基于上海案例的大都市旅游容量及承载力研究

都市旅游容量和承载力问题是事关都市旅游可持续发展、和谐旅游环境建设的重大战略性命题。上海都市旅游发展跨入了由数量扩张向质量提升的重要转型发展期。面临警旅游容量问题的严峻挑战。都市旅游容量管理与调控是一项社会系统工程。实施旅游容量管理与调控不是剥夺或限制公民进入都市旅游和体验的权利。而是根据这种区域的极限容量阀值。疏导进入大都市的旅游流。使之保持警一种合理的、持续的容量态势发展，维系整个区域发展的可持续性。为此。要创新都市旅游容量与承载力管理的制度安排。通过都市旅游产品转型与创新、基础设施技术升级和扩能、都市旅游布局空间战略调整、区域协调与联动、实施旅游可持续指标行动等举措，进一步释放都市旅游容量及承载力潜力，缓解都市中心城区容量压力。促进都市旅游可持续发展。     

基于ASEB栅格分析法的旅游产品开发研究——以福建省湄洲岛为例

基于旅游体验理论为指导,在福建省湄洲岛旅游资源评价的基础上,运用ASEB栅格分析法对湄洲岛旅游产品开发进行了深度分析,提出产品谱系研究、创新旅游活动、联动开发文化旅游产品以及重点开发湄洲岛中部爱情旅游产品等对策.     

N掺杂TiO_2光催化剂的制备及其H_2O_2改性的研究

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱物,采用水解沉淀法制备了N掺杂TiO_2光催化剂和H_2O_2改性的N掺杂TiO_2光催化剂.实验表明,H_2O_2改性的N掺杂TiO_2光催化剂的最佳制备条件为:氨水(质量分数28%)加入量20 mL,焙烧温度500 ℃,H_2O_2(质量分数30%)加入量2.0 mL.日光下,N掺杂TiO_2光催化剂及H_2O_2改性的N掺杂TiO_2光催化剂在反应90 min时的活性红紫去除率达99%,它们对活性红紫的去除率远高于P_(25)TiO_2光催化剂.H_2O_2改性的N掺杂TiO_2光催化剂中N质量分数比改性前明显提高,制备的两种催化剂中不仅含有N元素,同时还含有C和H元素.     

厌氧发酵系统中回流沼液的产甲烷活性研究

为确定两阶段厌氧发酵系统合理的污泥回流时段,对厌氧发酵系统排出沼液产甲烷活性进行了研究。通过对这些沼液在后储罐放置的不同天数(0~5 d)测定其不同的活性,用间歇实验方法测定最大比产甲烷活性(Um ax.CH4)作为厌氧污泥的产甲烷活性指标。结果表明,排出的沼液产甲烷活性在不同的时间段有所不同,经实验得出沼液放置第2 d时的产甲烷活性最高,从而确定该两阶段厌氧发酵系统排出污泥合理的回流时段应该是沼液进入后储罐的第2 d。进而为在线活性污泥与后储罐最佳活性时段污泥混合的污泥回流工艺提供理论依据。     

Effects of glyphosate and foliar amendments on activity of microorganisms in the soybean rhizosphere

A field study was conducted to determine the effects of glyphosate on microbial activity in the rhizosphere of glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybean and to evaluate interactions with foliar amendments. Glyphosate at 0.84 kg ae ha^{? 1} was applied GR soybean at the V4–V5 development stages. Check treatments included a conventional herbicide tank mix (2003 study only) and no herbicides (hand-weeded). Ten days after herbicide application, a commercially available biostimulant and a urea solution (21.0% N) were applied to soybean foliage at 33.5 mL ha^{? 1} and 9.2 kg ha^{? 1}, respectively. Soil and plant samples were taken 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days after herbicide application then assayed for enzyme and respiration activities. Soil respiration and enzyme activity increased with glyphosate and foliar amendment applications during the 2002 growing season; however, similar increases were not observed in 2003. Contrasting cumulative rainfall between 2002 and 2003 likely accounted for differences in soil microbial activities. Increases in soil microbial activity in 2002 suggest that adequate soil water and glyphosate application acted together to increase microbial activity. Our study suggests that general soil microbial properties including those involving C and N transformations are not sensitive enough to detect effects of glyphosate on rhizosphere microbial activity. Measurements of soil-plant-microbe relationships including specific microbial groups (i.e., root-associated Fusarium spp.) are likely better indicators of impacts of glyphosate on soil microbial ecology.     

Assessment of population exposure to particulate matter pollution in Chongqing, China

To determine the population exposure to PM(10) in Chongqing, China, we developed an indirect model by combining information on the time activity patterns of various demographic subgroups with estimates of the PM(10) concentrations in different microenvironments (MEs). The spatial and temporal variations of the exposure to PM(10) were illustrated in a geographical information system (GIS). The population weighted exposure (PWE) for the entire population was 229, 155 and 211 microg/m(3), respectively, in winter, summer and as the annual average. Indoor PM(10) level at home was the largest contributor to the PWE, especially for the rural areas where high pollution levels were found due to solid fuels burning. Elder people had higher PM(10) exposure than adults and youth, due to more time spent in indoor MEs. The highest health risk due to particulate was found in the city zone and northeast regions, suggesting that pollution abatement should be prioritized in these areas.