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排序方式: 共有113条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
微生物电子传递体系(ETS)活性是反映微生物活性的一个重要指标。为了解湿地环境中微生物活性的特征,探讨湿地植物根际土壤微生物活性对湿地生态系统物质循环的影响,以白洋淀湿地典型植物芦苇为研究对象,分析了不同水位条件下芦苇根际土壤微生物ETS活性的季节变化规律。结果表明,根际土壤ETS活性季节变化明显,呈现先上升后下降的趋势。ETS活性在夏季较高,8月前后出现最大值,淹水区、水陆交错区和台地的最大值分别为0.08 mg O_2/(g·h)、0.084 mg O_2/(g·h)、0.13 mg O_2/(g·h),随后逐步下降;在冬季较低,淹水区、水陆交错区和台地的最小值分别为0.027mg O_2/(g·h)、0.037 mg O_2/(g·h)、0.045 mg O_2/(g·h),出现在12月前后,最大值约为最小值的3倍。相关性分析指出其活性变化与气温变化呈显著正相关(p0.01)。不同水位条件下ETS活性从大到小依次为台地、水陆交错区、淹水区。其中,台地区和水陆交错区根际土壤ETS活性与淹水区相比均存在显著差异(p0.01),其活性分别为淹水区的1.8倍和1.2倍。芦苇根际沉积物TN、NH+4及NO_3~-质量比呈现相似的季节变化趋势。最大值出现在6月1日,淹水区、水陆交错区、台地区TN质量比峰值的范围在2.8~3.4 mg/g,NH_4~+质量比峰值的范围在72.0~78.3μg/g,NO_3~-质量比峰值的范围在20.0~28.5μg/g;最小值出现在9—10月,淹水区、水陆交错区、台地区质量比最低值的范围在0.6~1.6 mg/g,NH+4质量比最低值的范围在8.1~15.0μg/g,NO_3~-质量比最低值的范围在5.1~9.7μg/g。其中,水陆交错区ETS活性与土壤中TN和NH+4质量比的相关性极其显著(p0.01),淹水区ETS活性与土壤中NH_4~+质量比相关性极其显著(p0.01),其他条件下ETS活性与土壤中氮素质量比均无显著相关性。由此可见,湿地植物根际土壤ETS活性不仅受到水位和气温变化的影响,还可能与土壤中TN和NH+4含量相关。因此,在评价湿地土壤质量变化时,除考虑土壤微生物量等敏感指标外,还应获得环境因素等其他信息,为正确快速评价土壤微生物群落和土壤质量变化提供参考。 相似文献
32.
开发白洋淀旅游资源的制约因素与对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
作者在实地调查研究的基础上,认为制约白洋淀旅游业发展的因素主要有水位不稳、水质受到污染、旅游项目内容贫乏、参与性差、景区文化氛围不和谐,以及管理不到位。作者提出,应努力保持其水位稳定,加强流域内污染治理,理顺管理体制,建立白洋淀湿地保护区,加大旅游资源开发和宣传力度,丰富旅游的文化内涵等来保证白洋淀旅游的可持续发展。 相似文献
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34.
白洋淀湿地水质与水生物相关性研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
水质与水生物间关系是湿地生态学的研究热点,研究成果可为湿地水生态修复提供科学依据.在白洋淀湿地设置14个采样点,选取9个水质因子、4类11个水生物指标,利用冗余分析(RDA)方法对其进行研究.结果表明,白洋淀湿地水质和水生物相关性显著,前两个排序轴水质与水生物的相关系数分别为0.973和0.821,特征值分别是0.862和0.059.DO、NO3--N、SD、TN和TP是影响水生物的主要水质因子,第一排序轴与NO3--N和DO显著正相关;第二排序轴与SD显著正相关,与TN和TP显著负相关.比较可知,NO3--N、DO对浮游动植物影响显著,特征值占主要水质因子总特征值的89%;SD、TN和TP对底栖动物及大型水生植物影响大,特征值占主要水质因子总特征值的94%. 相似文献
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36.
于2009年5月—2010年3月,选择代表性月份对白洋淀水体水质进行监测,探讨水体中铁含量、形态及其与其他水质因子的相互关系。结果表明,白洋淀水体总铁含量范围为0.03~2.90 mg.L-1,各监测点位平均超标率为61.11%。从时间上来看,水体铁含量表现为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季;从空间上来看,清洁对照点总铁含量最低,污水排放口、养鱼区次之,养鸭区和垃圾堆放点含量均较高。相关分析表明,水体总铁含量与总磷含量、叶绿素a含量、水体富营养化指数之间均呈显著相关性,与总氮含量未表现出显著相关性。 相似文献
37.
水环境可持续承载评价方法及实证研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
基于广义水环境的概念,研究水环境承载可持续性的量化评价方法,拓展了水环境承载的内涵。主要考虑水环境的水源、资源、纳污、生态等四个功能过程,兼顾社会调节活动对水环境功能的影响。设计并构建了水环境承载的可持续性评价指标体系。对指标体系的1个指数、6个分类指标和36个衰征变量,采用多指标综合评价方法进行定量评价,得到水环境可持续承载度。建立了基予GIS的评价平台。结合白洋淀保定地区的案例进行了水环境承载的实证评价,分析了不同年份水环境承载度指数的变化趋势。提出了改善水环境承载状况的措施建议。研究成果可为科学制定保护规划和管理政策提供技术依据。 相似文献
38.
Guohua Dai Xinhui Liu Gang Liang Xu Han Liu Shi Dengmiao Cheng Wenwen Gong 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(10):1640-1649
Persistent organochlorine compounds, including hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were analyzed in surface water and sediments from Baiyangdian Lake, North China. Total concentrations of HCHs, DDTs and PCBs in surface water were in the range of 3.13-10.60, 4.05-20.59 and 19.46-131.62 ng/L, respectively, and total concentrations of HCHs, DDTs and PCBs in sediments were 1.75-5.70, 0.91-6.48 and 5.96-29.61 ng/g dry weight, respectively. Among the groups of HCHs (sum of α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH and δ-HCH) and DDTs (sum of DDT, DDD and DDE), the predominance of β-HCH, DDE and DDD in water and sediment samples was clearly observed. This observation suggested that β-HCH was resistant to biodegradation and the DDTs had been transformed to its metabolites, DDE and DDD. For PCBs, penta-, hexa- and hepta-chlorinated congeners were the most abundant compounds in the both phases. Furthermore, the partitioning of chlorinated compounds between sediment and water was investigated to understand their transport and fates in aquatic ecosystems. The results indicated that average logs of organic carbon-normalized sediment-water partition coefficients (logKoc') for OCPs varied between 3.20 and 5.53, and for PCBs, logKoc' values ranged from 3.19 to 5.57. The observed logKoc' was lower than their equilibrium logKoc predicted from linear model, which may be attributed to the solubility enhancement effect of colloidal matter in water phase and the disequilibrium between sediment and water. 相似文献
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40.
Riparian zone vegetation is an important part of the riparian ecosystem and plays an important role in the riparian zone functioning. Herbs, which are one of the main types of riparian vegetation, are extremely sensitive to environmental changes and human activities and have become a hot spot of riparian vegetation research. In this study, the herbaceous communities of four representative rivers (Xiaoyi, Baohe, Fuhe, and Baigouyin River) entering Baiyangdian Lake in China were researched. The herbaceous species in their riparian zones were systematically investigated using the sample plot method. The Shannon-Wiener diversity (H’), Pielou evenness (J), and Patrick richness (R) indices were estimated to examine the species composition and diversity of the herb communities, following which redundancy analysis (RDA) was conducted. The relationship between species diversity, distribution patterns of herbaceous plant communities, and soil environmental factors in the riparian zone of the four rivers is discussed. (1) Eighty-three species of herbaceous plants belonging to 66 genera and 27 families in the riparian zone entering Baiyangdian Lake. Most herbaceous plants, including Poaceae, Compositae, and Chenopodiaceae, were weeds or associated plants. Riparian vegetation was greatly affected by human disturbance. (2) All the three estimated indices of the Xiaoyi, Baigouyin, and Fuhe rivers were better than those of the Baohe River. (3) The vegetation coverage and species diversity of riparian herbaceous communities were positively correlated with soil organic matter and water content but negatively correlated with pH, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Therefore, these communities are conducive to the restoration of vegetation and the stability of biodiversity in the riparian core area to reduce the disturbance of human activities and increase humidity. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献