阳-非离子有机膨润土对水中硝基苯的吸附作用

分别用阳离子表面活性剂CTMAB、非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100及其混合物改性膨润土制得一系列的单阳离子、单非离子、阳-非离子有机膨润土.比较了它们对水中硝基苯的吸附性能及机理.结果表明,有机膨润土吸附水中硝基苯的等温吸附曲线呈线性,主要为分配作用所致,分配作用的大小由有机膨润土有机碳含量决定,并与改性时表面活性剂的种类、组成及配比有关;阳-非离子混合表面活性剂改性的有机膨润土有机碳含量(foc)高于相应的单阳离子和单非离子有机膨润土有机碳含量的和,因此,阳-非离子有机膨润土对水中硝基苯的吸附能力显著增强.     

Sorption of BTEX mixtures to organobenonites

Organobentonites synthesized by replacing the metal ions in bentonite with cetyltrimethylammonium (CTMA) or tetramethylammonium cation(TMA) were investigated for their behaviors to sorb benzene, toluene, pxylene from water. The results served to distinguish the sorption mechanisms (adsorption or partition) of the two types of organobentonites. Bentonites modified with short-chain alkyl functional groups(e, g., TMA) sorb organic contaminants primarily by an adsorption process, in which the sorbed amount decreases with increasing steric hindrance of the organic compound and the process exhibits a competitive effect because of steric hindrance in multisolute systems. In contrast, the sorption of contaminants to organobentonites modified with long-chain alkyl groups (e. g., CTMA) occurs by partition process without exhibiting a competitive effect, and the additional organic compounds may induce a cosorptive effect. In the latter case, the measured distribution coefficients of organic compounds between organobentonites and water( log Kd ) are positively correlated with the octanol-water partition coefficients of the compounds (logKow) and the sorption process exhibits no competitive effect in multi-solute systems.     

对硝基苯酚在阴-阳离子有机膨润土/水间的界面行为研究

用阴、阳离子表面活性剂改性制得一系列阴-阳离子有机膨润土,表征了有机膨润土的结构特征,研究了对硝基苯酚在阴-阳离子有机膨润土/水间的界面行为,并探讨了其吸附机理.结果表明:阴-阳离子有机膨润土的层间距和有机碳含量与改性时阴、阳离子表面活性剂的组成和配比有关;阴-阳离子表面活性剂在有机膨润土中形成了增溶(分配)作用较强的有机相,在一定配比下对水中有机污染物产生协同效应.