A Marine Pollution Study of Northeast Coastal Water Off Taiwan Island

Abstract

The coastal water of northeast Taiwan island, called ‘Yin-Yang Hai’ for its distinct yellow colour compared with blue offshore water, was investigated from 1989 to 1990 by the authors. Biological study showed the dominant species of plankton to be Copepoda, Cladocera, planktonic eggs and Diatoma. Dominant species of benthos were young crabs, Amphipoda and Annelida, with Amphipoda usually occurring in heavily polluted areas. Heavy metal data showed that the concentration of copper was high. the copper and iron concentration in algae of the intertidal zone was also high. the concentrations of iron and copper in inshore water were also higher than in offshore water. By comparison of the pH and salinity distribution of this area, we conclude that this coastal water has been polluted by acid waste water from coastal industry. the suspended solids concentration in sea water is high. Flocculation occurring at the boundary of fresh and saline water might be a reason for the distinct yellow colour of the water of this area. Further study is required.     

Sedimentary Pigments and Organic Matter in Relation to Benthic Fauna in the Tan-Shui Estuary,Taiwan

The benthic ecological structure of the Tan-Shui estuary, Taiwan is changed due to long term effects of dumping of urban wastewater and of engineering actions. to monitor these changes, we sampled and analyzed benthos and sediment from 12 stations on the estuary.

The composition of the dominant species of benthos varied seasonally, with molluscan and crustacean species having greater numbers and higher frequencies of occurrence than other species. the dominant taxa during winter were Nassarius sp. and Maldanidae at two stations. Analysis using Simpson's index and Shannon's index showed the benthic community varied more in coastal areas than in offshore areas.

Physicochemical analysis showed that most of the Tan-Shui estuary consisted of sandy sediment. the variations in concentrations of organic carbon and total nitrogen at each station were small. Although the concentrations of chlorophyll-a and carotenoid at all stations were generally low, the two stations had the highest concentrations, and we concluded that the concentration of pigments in these sediments was related to the abundance of benthos. the community structure of the benthos reflected the characteristics of the sediments, and benthic species exhibited selection of and adaptation to specific sedimentary environments.     

Caddis flies (Trichoptera) in the benthos and food of fish from streams of the Pechora-Ilych State Biosphere Reserve, the northern Urals

Data on the numbers and biomass of caddis fly species (Trichoptera) in the benthos and in the diets of fish from streams of the Pechora-Ilych State Reserve (the northern Urals) are provided. In the diets of grayling and juvenile Atlantic salmon caught in the rivers of the reserve, 17 and 10 species of caddis flies have been identified. As a rule, one to three species (in most cases, two species) prevail in the diet of fish.     

重金属在北江鱼类和底栖动物体内的富集及污染评价

调查研究了北江中上游的鱼类、虾、螺和蚬,以及鲤鱼体内不同组织中重金属Pb、Cd、Hg、As的含量,并采用污染指数法对重金属的污染进行了评价。调查结果显示,不同水生动物体对同种重金属元素的富集量存在较大差异,而同一水生动物体对不同重金属元素的富集能力也有很大区别。北江鱼体肌肉中不同重金属的污染程度由强至弱的顺序为:CdPbHgAs;不同水生动物体的可食部分重金属综合污染水平由高至低依次为:蚬螺虾鱼。鱼体中不同器官组织对重金属的蓄积能力差异巨大,北江鲤鱼体内各器官组织蓄积重金属总量依次为:内脏鳃脂肪肌肉。该次调查采集的北江底栖类动物样品已明显受到重金属污染,达不到无公害水产品安全要求;而北江鱼类肌肉则满足无公害水产品安全要求。     

淀山湖水环境污染探析

淀山湖是上海市最大的天然淡水湖泊,也是黄浦江上游的重要水源保护地,其水质、水量状况对上海市饮用水水源安全具有重要作用。近年来,淀山湖水体质量不断下降,2008年,淀山湖水质有了一定程度的好转,特别是湖体氮磷营养物的大幅度减少,从一定程度上降低了淀山湖富营养化的水平。基于此背景,本文对淀山湖2008年水质状况进行了相关性的研究,为进一步地保护好淀山湖的水质环境提供科学依据和技术支持。