环保工程施工合同中的履约抗辩权

针对环保企业在签订、履行工程合同中容易发生的问题特别是合同履行中的履约抗辩权问题,结合我国《合同法》以及工程施工领域的特点和行业习惯,对环保企业在工程施工合同中的履约抗辩权问题进行了剖析,提出了有关建议,指出环保企业在工程施工合同中要注意及时、有效地行使合同履行的抗辩权,维护自身的合法权益。     

基于数字地下空间与工程的人防信息系统的设计探讨

以提高人防工程管理质量、效益、信息化为根本目的,采用计算机技术、图形学技术、数据管理技术、数据分析技术、智能技术、人机交互技术、数据交换技术、网络通信技术等,基于数字地下空间与工程,旨在建立高度综合的、统一的、开放的和真三维的人防信息系统。文章着重讨论了系统总体结构、技术结构、信息数据的获取和处理、系统的功能,并通过一工程实例说明数字地下空间与工程在人防信息系统中的应用。人防信息系统对城市人防工程设备的承载力、辐射范围缓冲区、人口疏散隐蔽最佳路径、实时监测等空间分析提供支持;对提高人防工程的管理水平、工作效率、功能发挥以及地下空间的可持续发展也将起到积极的作用,产生巨大的社会和经济效益。     

Ambient ultraviolet radiation induces protective responses in soybean but does not attenuate indirect defense

We investigated the effects of ambient ultraviolet (UV) radiation on (i) the performance and chemistry of soybean plants, (ii) the performance of Spodoptera frugiperda and (iii) the foraging behavior of the herbivore's natural enemy Cotesia marginiventris which exploits herbivore-induced plant volatiles (VOC) for host location. The accumulation of protective phenolics was faster in plants receiving ambient UV than in controls exposed to sun light lacking UV. Accordingly, isorhamnetin- and quercetin-based flavonoids were increased in UV exposed plants. No UV effects were found on the performance and feeding behavior of S. frugiperda. Herbivore-damaged plants emitted the same VOC when grown under ambient or attenuated UV for 5, 10 or 30 days. Consequently, C. marginiventris was attracted but did not discriminate between exposed and unexposed soybeans. In summary, ambient UV radiation affected soybean morphology and physiology but did not destabilize interactions between trophic levels.     

Enhanced efficiency of cadmium removal by Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud. in the presence of exogenous citric and oxalic acids

Boehmeria nivea（L.） Gaud. is a potential candidate for the remediation of Cd contaminated sites. The present investigation aims to explore Cd tolerance threshold and to quickly identify the role of exogenous organic acids in Cd uptake and abiotic metal stress damage.Elevated Cd levels（0–10 mg/L） resulted in an obvious rise in Cd accumulation, ranging from268.0 to 374.4 in root and 25.2 to 41.2 mg/kg dry weight in shoot, respectively. Citric acid at1.5 mmol/L significantly facilitated Cd uptake by 26.7% in root and by 1-fold in shoot,respectively. Cd translocation efficiency from root to shoot was improved by a maximum of66.4% under 3 mmol/L of oxalic acid. Citric acid exhibited more prominent mitigating effect than oxalic acid due to its stronger ligand affinity for chelating with metal and avoiding the toxicity injury of free Cd ions more efficiently. The present work provides a potential strategy for efficient Cd remediation with B. nivea.     

地下人防项目地下水环境影响评价技术评估要点研究

地下人防项目是指战时用于人员、物资掩蔽,平时为商业用途的地下工程。地下人防项目地下水环境影响评价技术评估,应遵循《环境影响评价技术导则地下水环境》(HJ 610-2011)相关要求,结合项目场区所在地的地下水水位、地下水分布及环境水文地质条件、污染源状况、地下水开采利用状况及具体施工情况,分析地下水水位变化诱发的环境水文地质问题的影响范围、程度及项目建设对地下水水质污染,重点关注水位变化分析和地面沉降分析,污染防治措施主要从防治地下水水质污染、环境水文地质问题两方面考虑。     

The occurrence of aristolochic acids in neotropical troidine swallowtails (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)

Summary. Analysis of individuals of 17 troidine species demonstrated the presence of aristolochic acids in these butterflies in varying concentrations. Although aristolochic acids do not occur in Aristolochia galeata leaves, they were present in Battus polydamas larvae reared on these leaves, and thus may be synthesized by the larvae from chemical precursors in the plant. Received 17 August 1999; accepted 20 January 2000     

人防工程湿负荷的灰色预测

探讨了灰色预测理论对人防工程中湿负荷的预测,为除湿机的控制以及人防工程空调设计提供一定的参考。     

单壁碳纳米管对太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)的毒性效应及生物体防御机制研究

碳纳米管的生态安全和健康风险日益受到人们的广泛关注。本文采用典型的海洋底栖生物——太平洋牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas, C. gigas)作为受试生物,研究了单壁碳纳米管(Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, SWCNTs)暴露对其造成的毒性效应及牡蛎自身的防御机制,以期为碳纳米管的海洋生态风险评价提供科学依据。在0.1～10 mg·L~(-1)的SWCNTs暴露96 h后,太平洋牡蛎鳃和消化腺中的丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量显著增加(P≤0.05),总超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)活性呈现显著的剂量依赖性升高(P≤0.05),cat、hsp70、aox及caspase-7等基因的相对表达量显著上调(P≤0.05)。相比于单独暴露,P-gp蛋白抑制剂Tariquidar与SWCNTs的复合暴露显著增加了鳃和消化腺中MDA含量,产生了更严重的氧化损伤。这些结果表明,SWCNTs暴露对太平洋牡蛎的鳃和消化腺造成了一定程度的氧化损伤,而牡蛎体内的抗氧化系统和多外源性物质抗性机制在防御SWCNTs的过程中起到了至关重要的作用。     

Nuclear crisis relocation: Issues for a host community-the case of Greenfield,Massachusetts, USA

US civil defense planning for nuclear attack since 1974 has emphasized the doctrine of crisis relocation. Under this doctrine, some 150 million people would evacuate from urban areas and other probable targets to rural host communities. The population of the latter would stay put to assist the relocatees. Local communities would be responsible for the welfare of up to ten times their normal population for an indefinite period of time.This study examined certain implications of crisis relocation for the town of Greenfield, Massachusetts, USA, a typical host community. Various assumptions were articulated regarding the timing of events, the season of year, weather, and social behavior. Assumptions were favorable to the success of crisis relocation. Nevertheless, Greenfield would face impossible burdens in attempting to provide fallout protection, water, food, medical care, and civil order. Additional pressures would arise from adjoining communities which are functionally dependent upon Greenfield for normal goods and services, but which would receive their own allotment of relocatees. Crisis relocation is not taken seriously in Greenfield and virtually no preparations have been made to implement it.     

事故性中毒与应急防护技术探讨

当伴有有毒物料泄漏的事故发生时,现场泄漏的有毒有害物质会威胁到现场应急救援人员的生命安全。因此,根据有毒物料泄漏的成分和事故发生的类型采取恰当的保护措施,以保证现场应急救援人员的生命安全。本文从有、无火灾发生的泄漏事故现场所产生的有毒有害物质的特点、类型、产物,以及如何针对不同的有毒物质而选择有效的呼吸防护用具为主题,对事故性中毒和应急呼吸防护加以探讨。