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21.
水域悬浮固体含量的遥感定量研究 总被引:38,自引:0,他引:38
该文提出了反射率与悬浮固体含量之间的理论关系式——负指数关系式,并确定了其与经验公式的关系。理论分析和实际应用的结果表明,该式精度高于原有公式的精度,是目前遥感水中悬浮固体含量的最佳公式。将该式应用于杭州湾水域悬浮固体含量调查中取得了成功。 相似文献
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James R Payne John R Clayton Jr. Bruce E Kirstein 《Spill Science & Technology Bulletin》2003,8(2):201-221
The interactions of physically dispersed oil droplets with suspended particulate material (SPM) can be important for the transport of bulk quantities of spilled crude oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) to subtidal sediments. The literature regarding oil/SPM interactions is reviewed, and results from whole-oil droplet/SPM interaction kinetics and pure-component (Prudhoe Bay crude oil distillate cut) equilibrium partitioning experiments are presented. The effects of oil type, SPM characteristics, and salinity on the interaction rates are examined, and the importance of whole-oil droplet/SPM interactions on particle agglomeration and settling behavior are discussed. Whole-oil droplet/SPM interactions are retarded as oil droplet dispersion into the water column is inhibited by oil viscosity increases due to evaporation weathering and water-in-oil emulsification. Compared to whole oil droplet/SPM interactions, dissolved-component/SPM adsorption is not as significant for transport of individual components to sediments. The information presented in this paper can be used to augment computer-based models designed to predict oil-spill trajectories, oil-weathering behavior, and spilled oil impacts to the marine environment. 相似文献
24.
分子筛生产废水中悬浮物的絮凝与回用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对分子筛生产废水进行了絮凝沉降分离试验,确定了絮凝剂、助凝剂及絮凝敢分离条件。试验结果表明,絮凝沉降所得到的絮凝物料的化学组成、结构、性能与絮凝前原废水中的悬浮物基本一致,可返回原生产工序中使用。 相似文献
25.
用好氧-厌氧反复耦合固定床生物反应器处理肌苷生产废水 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用由多孔微生物载体构建的好氧-厌氧反复耦合固定床生物反应器进行了高浓度肌苷生产废水处理中试研究。连续84d的运行结果表明,当进水COD为1500-2700mg/L、水力停留时间为22.1h时,出水COD可维持在150mg/L左右,COD去除率达90%~95%。装置运行稳定后,未经沉淀的出水中的固体悬浮物质量浓度小于50mg/L,表明该反应器可避免剩余污泥的产生。中试结果验证了该反应器处理高浓度肌苷废水的可行性和优势,同时为装置放大提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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采用悬挂链曝气式接触氧化工艺在3个时段内处理城市河道污水,通过采用磷脂法、TTC-脱氢酶活性法和MPN法研究载体表面生物膜特性,来验证装置的水质净化效果。结果表明,进水水质变化幅度较大的时段1内,水质对缺氧区和好氧区内生物膜量及活性有很大冲击,对污染物的去除效果影响不大,COD、NH+4-N、TN和TP的平均去除率分别达到75.9%、80.8%、64.6%和78.3%;进水水质稳定的时段2内,缺氧区和好氧区内生物膜量和活性要高于其他时段,COD、NH+4-N、TN和TP的平均去除率分别达到77.0%、80.6%、69.4%和55.3%;低温运行的时段3内,缺氧区和好氧区内生物膜量和活性都低于其他时段,水质净化效果明显下降,COD、NH+4-N、TN和TP的平均去除率分别为71.1%、68.5%、48.9%和46.6%。 相似文献
28.
Julia E. Kelso Michelle A. Baker 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2016,52(1):262-268
Water quality monitoring programs across multiple disciplines use total suspended solids (TSS), and volatile suspended solids (VSS), to assess potential impairments of surface water and groundwater. While previous methods for instream filtering have been developed, the need for rapid, cost‐effective, high volume sampling has increased with the need to verify and supplement data produced by sondes and instantaneous data loggers. We present an efficient method to filter water instream with a portable drill pump that results in reduced sample processing time, and potentially reduced error associated with sample transportation, preservation, contamination, and homogenization. This technical note outlines the advantages of filtering instream vs. in the laboratory. It also compares TSS and VSS concentrations filtered with a drill pump vs. standard filtration methods with a vacuum pump as outlined by USEPA methods 160.2 and 160.4. Samples were collected at 4 sites and filtered in the field, or transported to the laboratory and filtered within 12 or 24 h of collection. Overall TSS and VSS samples filtered instream with a drill pump vs. in the laboratory produced similar concentrations with a similar range in variability for each method. Sample filtering with a drill pump decreased processing time by five minutes per sample. 相似文献
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Muhammed Siddik Abdul Samad Prem Mohan Irfan Khursheed Shah Babu J. Alappat 《Environmental Forensics》2020,21(1):37-47
AbstractCement manufacturing is a process that results in the emission of significant quantities of suspended particulate matter (SPM) to the ambient air. An environmental forensic investigation was carried out in the surroundings of a major cement manufacturing unit at a place called Coimbatore in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The investigation was carried out to identify the contribution of the cement manufacturing unit to the SPM concentration of the surrounding air environment. The sampling points’ selection and sample collection were done following the principles outlined in the INTERPOL Manual for Pollution Crime Forensic Investigation. On-site monitoring of the air samples was carried out using Mini Laser Aerosol Spectrometer (GRIMM, Mini-LAS Model 11R). The instrument was capable of measuring particles ranging from 0.25 to 32 µm and classifying them into 31 size channels. The test results at majority of the monitoring locations were well above the limits specified in the National Ambient Air Quality Standards of India. Microscopic studies of the dust samples were carried out for surface texture and particle shape. The spatial distribution of particles was analysed using geographic information system (GIS) for the visual identification of the extent of the pollution by keeping the cement factory as the focal point. The results from the GIS and microscopic analysis established the role of the cement factory in the particulate matter pollution of its surroundings, specifically in the areas North-West of the factory. The successfully adopted procedure can serve as a guideline for the environmental forensic investigation of similar pollution incidences. 相似文献