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961.
962.
Capota CD Deventer B Zimmermann RD 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2004,11(2):121-125
BACKGROUND, AIM AND SCOPE: Tests during the last few years have confirmed that 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) can have oestrogen-like effects (xeno-hormone) on animal organisms. The objective was to firstly evaluate the ecotoxicological effects of 4-NP on plants such as hydrocultures. To clarify how this substance interferes with the photosynthetic system of plants, various tests were carried out using the basil plant (Ocimum basilicum). METHODS: The effect of the pollutant 4-NP on the pigment content in the leaves of the basil plant was analysed with the use of High-Performance-Liquid-Chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: A general assessment of the HPLC data revealed that plants that came in contact with the 4-nonylphenol showed a change in pigmentation. More chlorophyll a and b was produced, although at the same time a higher production of degradation products and by-products of the chlorophylls was observed. These occurrences can therefore be seen as an impairment of the photosynthetic process. The contaminated plants produced less xanthophylls than the non-contaminated ones, though these differences were statistically not significant. CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVE: The variations on the pigment content in the leaves of the basil plant can be interpreted as a consequence of the 4-NP application. It was, however, not investigated whether the plants absorbed the pollutants directly. The effect could have been caused by adsorption of the oily substance to the roots, and this could have led to a hindrance of the uptake of nutrients and possibly water. In order to clarify this further, biochemical experiments are being conducted. 相似文献
963.
Michel Schalk Marie-Agnès Pierrel Alfred Zimmerlin Yannick Batard Francis Durst Danièle Werck-Reichhart 《Environmental science and pollution research international》1997,4(4):229-234
The ability of a plant cytochrome P450 to bind and metabolise plant endogenous molecules and xenobiotics was investigated.
The work was performed on the yeast-expressed CYP73A1, a cinnamate 4-hydroxylase isolated fromHelianthus tuberosus. CYP73 controls the general phenylpropanoid pathway and is likely to be one of the most abundant sources of P450 in the biosphere.
The enzyme shows a high selectivity toward plant secondary metabolites. Nevertheless, it oxygenates several small and planar
xenobiotics with low efficiency, including an herbicide (chlorotoluron). One xenobiotic molecule, 2naphthoic acid, is hydroxylated
with an efficiency comparable to that of the physiological substrate. This reaction was used to devise a fluorimetric test
for the rapid measurement of enzyme activity. A series of herbicidal molecules (hydroxybenzonitriles) are shown to bind the
active site without being metabolised. These molecules behave as strong competitive inhibitors of CYP73 with a Ki in the same micromolar range as the Km for the physiological substrate. It is proposed that their inhibition of the phenylpropanoid pathway reinforces their other
phytotoxic effects at the level of the chloroplasts. All our results indicate a strong reciprocal interaction between plant
P450s and xenobiotics. 相似文献
964.
用浮选法处理铵盐镀锌废水的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究用浮选法除去铵盐镀锌废水中的锌.实验结果表明,用H2O2作氧化剂破坏络合物,用十二烷基磺酸钠作吸收剂,沉淀浮选法除锌是十分有效的 相似文献
965.
新试剂3,5-二溴-4-偶氮对N,N-二甲苯胺苯基荧光酮分光光度法测定微量锰 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文研究了新试剂3,5-二溴-4-偶氛对N,N-二甲苯胶末基荧光酮(DBAMPF)与锰(Ⅱ)的显色反应和光度性质,在阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲按(CTMAB)存在下,pH9.0NH3H2O~NH4Cl介质中,试剂与锰(Ⅱ)形成2∶1的红色配合物,最大吸收波长为580nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.12×106l·mol-1·cm-1,锰(Ⅱ)浓度在0~8μg/25ml范围内符合比尔定律,拟定方法用于水质中标的测定,其方法灵敏度高,重视性好,结果令人满意。 相似文献
966.
Enhanced photocatalytic activity of nanotube-like titania by sulfuric acid treatment 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
YANG Shao-gui QUAN Xie LI Xin-yong FANG Ning ZHANG Ning ZHAO Hui-min 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2005,17(2):290-293
IntroductionTiO2 nanotubehaswidelydrawnmuchattentionduetoitslargesurfaceareaandhighphotocatalyticactivity ,becausetheyhavegreatpotentialforsuchapplicationsasenvironmentalpurification ,decompositionofcarbonicacidgas,andgenerationofhydrogengas .Titaniananot… 相似文献
967.
离子色谱法测定酸雨中6种阴离子 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
离子色谱法测定酸雨中6种阴离子,以流速为1.51mL/min,0.24mol/L Na2CO3和0.3mol/L NaHCO3的混和液为淋洗液,在YSA8型8001A-4阴离子交换柱上分离,YS-1抑制器,YIC-8型离子色谱仪电导检测器检测,方法的线性范围均为100倍,可达200倍以上,以CI^-为例,最小检出限为0.001,重现性CV%为0.76,空白检测偏差Swb=0.00681,回收率为9 相似文献
968.
水相中CCl4和CHCl3的紫外光解机理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用瞬态吸收光谱技术研究水体污染物CCl4 和CHCl3 在紫外光照条件下的转化和归宿 ,表明在 2 4 8nm激光作用下 ,CCl4 解离为CCl3 和Cl自由基 ;CHCl3 在此条件下不解离 ,但加入少量的苯后即发生明显解离 ,产生CHCl2 和Cl自由基 .在有氧条件下 ,光解产生的CCl3 和CHCl2 自由基均与O2 反应分别生成CCl3O2 和CHCl2 O2 ;在无氧条件下 ,CCl3 和CHCl2 则发生偶合反应分别生成C2 Cl6和C2 H2 Cl4 .本研究还得出了一些微观速率常数 . 相似文献
969.
970.
采用气相色谱法测定工业废水中的4-硝基-2,6-二氯苯胺。研究了样品的提取、色谱分析条件及定量方法。测定了方法的精密度和准确度。以3倍的仪器噪声计算其检出限为4.8×10~(-11)g,进样量为2μL时,最低检出浓度为0.024mg/L,线性范围为0.04~2.0mg/L;精密度实验的变异系数为0.4%~1.7%;加标回收率为97.5%~99.0%。苯胺,对硝基苯胺,邻硝基苯胺,邻氯对硝基苯胺均不干扰测定。 相似文献