ICP-MS法用于藕中多元素的分析

用ICP-MS法对藕中的多元素进行分析。并与北京市安全食用农产品产品质量标准所涉及到蔬菜中Cd,Zn,As,Pb,Cu和Hg的标准值进行对比。结果表明，北京地区七个不同菜市场所售的藕除个别Zn含量超标外，其它元素均符合标准。     

FAAS、GFAAS、ICP-AES和ICP-MS 4种分析仪器法的比较

介绍了火焰原子吸收法、石墨炉原子吸收法、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法4种元素分析技术，并比较了4种方法的原理和特点。     

ICP在环境分析中的应用

对近年来ICP—AES和ICP—MS在环境分析中的应用情况进行了综述，并对其在环境分析中的发展前景作了评估。     

Characterization of colloidal arsenic at two abandoned gold mine sites in Nova Scotia, Canada, using asymmetric flow-field flow fractionation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Asymmetric flow-field flow fractionation-inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to determine whether colloidal arsenic(As) exists in soil pore water and soil extract samples at two arsenic-contaminated abandoned gold mines(Montague and Goldenville, Nova Scotia). Colloidal arsenic was found in 12 out of the 80 collected samples(= 15%), and was primarily associated with iron(Fe) in the encountered colloids. The molar Fe/As ratios indicate that the colloids in some samples appeared to be discrete iron–arsenic minerals, whereas in other samples, they were more consistent with As-rich iron(oxy)hydroxides. Up to three discrete size fractions of colloidal As were encountered in the samples, with mean colloid diameters between 6 and 14 nm. The pore water samples only contained one size fraction of As-bearing colloids(around 6 nm diameter), while larger As-bearing colloids were only encountered in soil extracts.     

铅在植物-环境体系中的吸收、分布和迁移规律的稳定同位素示踪法研究

以低浓度的稳定铅同位素为示踪剂,采用电感耦合等离子质谱法,通过盆栽实验,考察了在不同的pH值环境和不同铅源引入方式下,茶树植株对铅的吸收情况以及铅在植株体内的分布及迁移规律.结果表明:茶树植株对大气铅源污染的反应比土壤铅源污染灵敏;大气铅源污染有往顶端(芽)迁移的趋势,而土壤铅源污染则主要聚集在根部;低pH条件增强植株对铅的吸收且能促使植株体内的铅的往高处迁移.本实验方法危害小,更接近植株承受低浓度污染的实际情况,能区分实验引入铅源和环境引入铅源.     

Determination of total organic halogen (TOX) in humic acids after microwave-induced combustion

Chemically chlorinated organic matter as well as natural background humic acids contain significant amounts of organically bound halogens that must be determined for assessment of environmental pollution. In this work the use of ion chromatography (IC) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is proposed for the determination of total organic Cl, Br and I concentration in humic acids extracted from various forest soil horizons after a single digestion by microwave-induced combustion (MIC). Samples were pressed as pellets and combusted using 20 bar of oxygen and ammonium nitrate solution as igniter. Analytes were absorbed in diluted alkaline solution (50 mM (NH₄)₂CO₃) and a reflux step was applied after combustion to improve analyte recoveries (5 min, microwave power of 1400 W). The accuracy was evaluated using certified reference materials (CRM) and spiked samples. Using MIC the agreement with CRM values and spike recoveries was higher than 97% for all analytes. As an advantage over conventional procedures, using MIC it was possible to digest up to eight samples in only 25 min, obtaining a single solution suitable for all halogens determination in humic acids samples by different techniques (IC and ICP-MS). The limit of detection (3σ) for Cl, Br and I obtained by IC was 1.2, 2.5 and 4.3 μg g⁻¹ and by ICP-MS it was 1.4, 0.03 and 0.002 μg g⁻¹, respectively.     

A rapid isotope ratio analysis protocol for nuclear solid materials using nano-second laser-ablation time-of-flight ICP-MS

The analysis of the isotopic composition of nuclear or non-nuclear solid materials is performed in a variety of fields, e.g., for quality assurance in the production of nuclear fuels, as signatures in forensics, nuclear safeguards, and non-proliferation control, in material characterization, geology, and archeology. We have investigated the capability of laser ablation (New Wave Research, 213 nm) coupled to time-of-flight (TOF) ICP-MS (GBC OptiMass 8000) as a rapid analytical protocol for multi-isotope screening of nuclear and non-nuclear solid samples. This includes natural and non-natural isotopic compositions for elements including Cu, Zr, Mo, Cd, In, Ba, Ta, W, Re, Pt, Pb, and U, in pure metals, alloys, and glasses. Without correcting for mass bias (mass fractionation), an overall precision and accuracy of about 4% (1σ) can be achieved by minimizing the deposited laser power and thus fractionation (mass removal based on thermal properties). The precision and accuracy in combination with literally no or minimized sample preparation enables a rapid isotope screening of solid samples that is of particular interest to support nuclear forensic and safeguard analysis.     

Use of the physiologically-based extraction test to assess the oral bioaccessibility of metals in vegetable plants grown in contaminated soil

The oral bioaccessibility of metals in vegetable plants grown on contaminated soil was assessed. This was done using the physiologically-based extraction test (PBET) to simulate the human digestion of plant material. A range of vegetable plants, i.e. carrot, lettuce, radish and spinach, were grown on metal contaminated soil. After reaching maturity the plants were harvested and analysed for their total metal content (i.e. Cr, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The plant samples were then subsequently extracted using an in vitro gastrointestinal approach or PBET to assess the likelihood of oral bioaccessibility if the material was consumed by humans.     

微波消解—ICP-MS法测定鲤鱼和河蚌中汞和砷

采用微波消解样品,电感耦合等离子体质谱检测,以Rh作为内标物进行基体干扰校正,同时测定了鲤鱼和河蚌中Hg和As的含量。结果表明:建立的方法简便、快速、准确,标准曲线的线性关系均大于0.9990,样品加标回收率在97.9%～104%之间。     

ICP-MS的安装调试和日常维护的注意事项

ICP-MS广泛的用于环境监测系统。本文主要围绕ICP-MS的安装调试、维护保养以及在日常检测工作中应注意的事项展开了讨论。并结合笔者自身经验提出了如何减少故障的办法。