生物催化氧化法脱除H2S的填料选择研究

针对H2S污染的严峻形势,构建了包括催化再生装置和生物滴滤器的生物催化氧化装置,进行了装置的填料选择研究.经对比试验得出填料脱硫性能的优劣顺序为:沸石＞焦炭＞多面空心塑料小球.在温度为30 ℃、进气量为0.25 m3/h、进气H2S为2 000 mg/m3、喷淋量为1 000 mL/h、喷淋液的pH为1.97、Fe3 为0.05 mol/L的条件下,装填沸石的生物催化氧化装置的出气H2S浓度足以达到<恶臭污染物排放标准>(GB 14554-93)规定的一级厂界标准值.试验证明,生物催化氧化法是有效的新型脱除H2S技术,具有良好的经济、社会及环境效益,应进一步开展中试研究.     

Selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides over a modified silicoaluminophosphate commercial zeolite

Nitrogen oxides(NO_x:NO,NO_2)are a concern due to their adverse health effects.Diesel engine transport sector is the major emitter of NO_x.The regulations have been strengthened and to comply with them,one of the two methods commonly used is the selective catalytic reduction of NO_xby NH_3(NH_3-SCR),NH_3being supplied by the in-situ hydrolysis of urea.Efficiency and durability of the catalyst for this process are highly required.Durability is evaluated by hydrothermal treatment of the catalysts at temperature above 800°C.In this study,very active catalysts for the NH_3-SCR of NO_xwere prepared by using a silicoaluminophosphate commercial zeolite as copper host structure.Characterizations by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and temperature programmed desorption of ammonia(NH_3-TPD)showed that this commercial zeolite was hydrothermally stable up to 850°C and,was able to retain some structural properties up to950°C.After hydrothermal treatment at 850°C,the NO_xreduction efficiency into NH_3-SCR depends on the copper content.The catalyst with a copper content of 1.25 wt.%was the most active.The difference in activity was much more important when using NO than the fast NO/NO_2reaction mixture.     

生物滴滤池去除氨气的挂膜实验研究

硝化菌的挂膜问题一直是氨气处理中较难解决的问题,采用生物滴滤池对天然斜发沸石和多面空心小球进行硝化菌挂膜研究.实验表明沸石在15天左右就能基本完成硝化菌的挂膜启动,而小球则要20天才能完成;随着 COD:NH3-N降低,各载体生物膜量有所减少;同时,生物膜内生物相也相应改变.     

沸石强化生物脱氮工艺研究

在传统A／O或SBR工艺的基础上投加沸石粉进行强化生物脱氮，吸附饱和的沸石粉利用微生物进行再生，形成了沸石强化生物脱氟工艺。实验结果表明，沸石粉可在生物池中累积达到一定的平衡浓度；在常温下沸石粉对过量氨氮选择吸附的优势无法发挥，但在低温时可以保证处理出水中氨氮浓度达标；不同投加方式影响工艺处理效果，在低温情况下，“集中投加”的启动方式优于“逐步投加”的运行方式。     

纳米TiO2/沸石/UV催化臭氧化水中硝基苯的研究

设计了O3/纳米TiO2/沸石（体系A）和O3/纳米TiO2/沸石/UV（体系B）2种催化臭氧化体系并将其用于处理水中的硝基苯,研究了影响处理效果的主要因素,并对2种方法进行了比较。结果表明,2种催化臭氧化体系都能产生大量的羟自由基,加速硝基苯的降解,其中体系B对硝基苯的降解效果最好。随着进气流量的增加、温度的升高硝基苯的降解速率都会加快。催化臭氧化反应速率遵循一级反应规律,与苯酚的初始浓度和催化剂的用量关系不大。pH值对苯酚去除率有重要的影响,随pH值的升高,苯酚去除率显著提高。叔丁醇对硝基苯的降解有很强的抑制作用。     

自动滴定仪用于沸石阳离子交换容量测定的方法

以甲醛法为基础,采用自动滴定仪电位滴定法测定沸石的阳离子交换容量,与pH计指示法、酸碱指示剂法相比,仪器灵敏度高、操作简单,使测定结果具有更高的准确度和更好的重复性。     

Bench-scale synthesis of zeolite A from subbituminous coal ashes with high crystalline silica content

In this present work, fly ash and bottom ash with high crystalline silica content were obtained from the coal-fired boilers within the paper industries in Thailand. These coal ashes were used as the basic raw materials for synthetic zeolite production. The crystal type and crystallinity, specific surface area and pore size, and textural properties of zeolite products were characterized by using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), N₂ sorption analysis, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), respectively. It was found that sodalite octahydrate was selectively formed via the direct conventional (one-step) synthesis, whereas through a two-step, sodium silicate preparation and consecutive zeolite A synthesis process, 94 and 72 wt.% zeolite A products could be produced from the fly ash and bottom ash, respectively. The cation-exchange capacity (CEC) of fly ash and bottom ash-derived zeolite A products were closely similar to that of the commercial grade zeolite A.