高浓度ABS树脂生产污水治理技术

ABS树脂生产装置中的污水处理一直是影响化工装置环保的一大难题。一方面,其废水水质差,悬浮物含量高,且多为细微颗粒,难以从水中分离,进入生化系统也难以去除;另一方面,污水中溶解性胶乳较多、粘性大,且为间歇式排放,对污水处理系统冲击较大。大庆石化总厂采取完善生产工艺操作过程、采用高效净水剂、对处理设备进行改进及对生产全过程进行污染控制等措施,并分阶段、分单元、分步骤地对污染源进行处理。采取这些措施后使ABS树脂生产中的废水得到了有效治理,处理后的ABS污水中CODcr含量在1000mg/L以下,悬浮物含量在500mg/L以下,石油类物质含量在30mg/L以下。处理装置的能耗、物耗也大幅度降低。     

我国含氰废水处理工艺的发展方向

在总结和分析20年来我国化纤行业含氰废水处理经验的基础上，提出气浮-A／O（缺氧／好氧法）工艺用于含氰废水的处理，即将曝气池前端的曝气器关闭，在池内实行缺氧、好氧处理，曝气池后端好氧段的污泥经泵回流至前端的缺氧段。结果使总氮的去除率从43％提高到72％，磷的去除率从0提高到40％，COD的去除率也有不同程度提高，而能耗仅为原先的72％。     

地震应急中的问题及启示——以南黄海6.1级地震为例

从总结南黄海６．１级地震应急处置中的问题入手，结合一些大地震应急中的教训，提出了对人口稠密、经济发达地区的应急对策     

长江口未来环境演变的若干影响因子及减灾对策

三峡水库建成、南水北调逐步实施和沿江抽水加剧将使下一世纪长江入海水沙特征发生重大变化；长江口相对海面在未来１００年中将上升１ｍ左右；全球气温上升将使本区夏季降水增多、台风频率增大。下世纪在这些因素影响下：（１）长江口海岸工程需增加投入约相当于现有工程量的１／２，方能维持现有的安全系数；（２）潮滩湿地将动态损失相当于现有面积的５０％以上；（３）冲刷岸段将增多，淤涨岸段将减少；（４）洪涝威胁将明显加重，需将抽排水能力提高４～５倍；（５）因海面上升引起的特枯季节灾害性海（咸）水入侵则可望通过三峡水库的调节功能得以控制。     

SELECTION OF WASTE DISPOSAL SITES USING GIS1

ABSTRACT: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology is used to identify candidate sites for a solid waste disposal facility in the Gölbasi region of Turkey that has suffered from the negative impact of a current but poorly-located open-dump site on the environment. The municipality of Gölbasi has noticed its deleterious effect on the environment, and has thus decided to dismiss this open-dump site and search for new landfill sites. In this study, the procedure followed under a GIS framework rejects the unacceptable sites considering environmental factors exclusively, other than economic and political issues, contained in the form of multiple layers of attribute information to select the candidate sites for landfilling wastes through an overlay analysis performed by GIS software, ARC/INFO V 7.1. For the spatial data requirements of GIS, a number of thematic map layers (ground water, wetlands and swamp areas, surface water, roads, topographic contours, ecological features, settlements, erosion susceptibility zones, and soil type) are prepared in digital form. In this application, GIS is considered as a screening tool in a site selection process to narrow the number of candidate sites, subsequently leading to one or more sites for detailed investigation. Preliminary ranking for a group of potential sites is done on the basis of simple calculations coupled with on-site field studies.     

二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵－丙烯酰胺的合成及其在含油污水处理中的应用

以二甲胺、氯丙烯等为原料合成二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（ＤＭＤＡＡＣ），再与丙烯酰胺（ＡＭ）共聚生成共聚物。利用胶体滴定法测定共聚物的阳离子度、一点法测定特性粘数，并利用充气浮选法对阳离子共聚物进行浮选效果评价。结果表明，当产品的阳离子度在３０％～４０％的范围内除油效果最好，其效果明显优于阳离子聚丙烯酰胺（ＣＰＡＭ），与复配的聚合铝加聚丙烯酰胺（ＰＡＣ＋ＰＡＭ）相当。     

调节浮选的最佳效果

概述了我国炼油厂污水处理现状，针对该厂出水水质差的问题，实行缓解水量和水质冲击以及改善浮选药剂等革新措施，以达到污水处理的最佳效果。提出目前存在着管线腐蚀严重、水的酸碱性不稳定等问题及解决的方法。     

四川省水污染趋势评价及防治对策

本文根据四川省近十年水污染及治理的统计资料和1985—1989年全省六大水系44个具有代表性的监测断面枯水期水质、水量监测成果,计算各断面主要污染物逐年趋势值和日纳污量,对全省1985—1989年枯水期水污染趋势和程度进行评价,并提出防治的措施。     

A MODEL FOR PLANNING AND LOCATION OF ON-SITE WASTE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS1

Abstract: A model that incorportaes performace data about data about several wastewater management systems is discussed. From these data the excepted behavior of an individual wastewater system or group of systems can be product of the performace probabilities of its individual components. The modeel can be used on a regional scale facilitating land use planning by allowing accurate estimates of performance for a prospective wastewater management system. At this scale it can allow the impact evaluation of new wastewater technology on land use in a region.     

ANALYSIS OF ROCK STRESS AROUND A LIQUID WASTE INJECTION SYSTEM IN ILLINOIS1

: The danger to the environment associated with the injection of liquid industrial wastes into a deep, confined, subsurface rock formation may arise from the transport of the waste laterally or vertically in the formation. The pattern of lateral transport, which can take place as a result of convection as well as dispersion and diffusion, can be determined by an approximate analytical solution to the mass transport equation. Vertical transport may take place through both natural fractures and fractures created by hydrostatic stresses generated around the well during injection. To determine the stresses, we used the finite element method to get a numerical solution of the flow equation. We applied a solution of the flow equation to calculate the stress buildup and decay for the Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation's injection well near Hennepin in Putnam County, Illinois. According to our computations, the stress buildup due to injection is about 0.16 pounds per square inch per foot - psi - (0.362 Newton per square centimeter per meter), which, added to normal pressure, makes an estimated total stress of 0.60 psi/ft (1.36 Newton/cm²/m). That pressure is insufficient to cause fracturing of the Cambrian Eau Claire aquitard, the confining bed for the disposal zone.