Electrocatalytic biofilm reactor for effective and energy-efficient azo dye degradation: the synergistic effect of MnOx/Ti flow-through anode and biofilm on the cathode

● MnO _x /Ti flow-through anode was coupled with the biofilm-attached cathode in ECBR. ● ECBR was able to enhance the azo dye removal and reduce the energy consumption. ● Mn^IV=O generated on the electrified MnO _x /Ti anode catalyzed the azo dye oxidation. ● Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria on the cathode degraded azo dye intermediate products. ● Biodegradation of intermediate products was stimulated under the electric field. Dyeing wastewater treatment remains a challenge. Although effective, the in-series process using electrochemical oxidation as the pre- or post-treatment of biodegradation is long. This study proposes a compact dual-chamber electrocatalytic biofilm reactor (ECBR) to complete azo dye decolorization and mineralization in a single unit via anodic oxidation on a MnO_x/Ti flow-through anode followed by cathodic biodegradation on carbon felts. Compared with the electrocatalytic reactor with a stainless-steel cathode (ECR-SS) and the biofilm reactor (BR), the ECBR increased the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency by 24 % and 31 % (600 mg/L Acid Orange 7 as the feed, current of 6 mA), respectively. The COD removal efficiency of the ECBR was even higher than the sum of those of ECR-SS and BR. The ECBR also reduced the energy consumption (3.07 kWh/kg COD) by approximately half compared with ECR-SS. The advantages of the ECBR in azo dye removal were attributed to the synergistic effect of the MnO_x/Ti flow-through anode and cathodic biofilms. Catalyzed by Mn^IV=O generated on the MnO_x/Ti anode under a low applied current, azo dyes were oxidized and decolored. The intermediate products with improved biodegradability were further mineralized by the cathodic aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (non-electrochemically active) under the stimulation of the applied current. Taking advantage of the mutual interactions among the electricity, anode, and bacteria, this study provides a novel and compact process for the effective and energy-efficient treatment of azo dye wastewater.     

Adsorption of malachite green and chrysoidine-Y by Sn-pillared clay

The aim of this research was to pillar the bentonite clay (Bt) with polyhydroxy tin chloride. The synthesized Tin-pillared interlayer clay (Sn-PILC) was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectra (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmer Teller (BET) analysis, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Adsorption capacity of raw-Bt and tin pillared interlayer clay (Sn-PILC) was examined for two dyes, namely, Malachite Green (MG) and Chrysoidine-Y (CY) from their aqueous solutions. The effects of physicochemical parameters like solution pH, dose, and dye concentration were investigated. The maximum adsorption efficiency at equilibrium dye concentration for Sn-PILC was 66.229 mg g^–1 for MG and 63.792 mg g^–1 for CY. Sn-PILC obeyed Langmuir isotherm for both the dyes whereas raw-Bt followed Freundlich isotherm. On the other hand, both adsorbents followed PFO as well as PSO kinetic model, indicating physisorption assisted by chemisorption. Thermodynamic studies were performed to determine the adsorption behavior of Sn-PILC for both the dyes. Regeneration studies revealed 80% efficiency up-to five adsorption-desorption cycles.     

染料废水物理化学脱色技术的现状与进展

本文按吸附,混凝,化学氧化,离子交换,超滤膜等几个方面分别论述了染料废水物理化学脱化技术的现状与发展情况。     

H2O2-O3氧化法处理染料中间体H酸和1-氨基蒽醌生产废液的研究

研究采用羟基自由基氧化法处理难生物降解染料中间体Ｈ酸和１－氢基蒽醌生产废液提高其生物降解性。研究表明,羟基自由基是一种非常强的氧化剂,能迅速分解有机物,改善废水的生物降解性能,经羟基自由基氧化处理后,能提高废水的絮凝处理效率,本文还对羟基自由基氧化反应机理作了探讨。     

镁铝水滑石对直接冻黄的吸附性能研究

以硫酸镁和氯化铝为原料,按照镁铝摩尔比3∶1制备了镁铝水滑石,并通过镁铝水滑石处理直接冻黄染料模拟废水的条件实验,研究了固体投加量、废水初始pH值和反应时间对吸附效果的影响。实验结果表明,镁铝水滑石对直接冻黄染料具有良好的吸附效果,对于70 mg/L直接冻黄溶液,镁铝水滑石投加量为2.5 g/L,pH值为10.5,反应时间为20 min,脱色率可达96.46%。     

黑曲霉吸附弱酸性艳蓝RAWL的机理

为了研究黑曲霉吸附弱酸性艳蓝RAWL（简称染料）的机理,通过红外光谱和化学修饰的方法,考察了黑曲霉对染料吸附性能的pn响应模式,表征了黑曲霉干粉菌体表面的主要官能团组成及不同官能团对吸附染料的贡献。实验结果表明：在强酸性（pH不大于2）条件下黑曲霉对染料的吸附效果最好;黑曲霉干粉菌体表面含有氨基、羧基和磷酸根;经脂质脱除、磷酸根酯化修饰、羧基酯化修饰、氨基甲基化修饰后对染料的吸附性能不变,而乙酰化氨基在酸性体系中失去质子化能力,对染料的吸附性能下降51．6％,说明低pH条件下氨基质子化导致带正电的黑曲霉干粉菌体与带负电的染料之间的静电引力是吸附染料的重要原因。