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71.
生物砂滤池对有机物和氨氮的去除 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
当在常规工艺前加生物预处理并取消预加氯时,砂滤池就成为生物砂滤池。与普通砂滤池相比其对有机物、氨氮和浊度的去除率都有很大的提高。实验以珠江源水为水源研究了生物砂滤池对高锰酸盐指数、NH3-N、NO2--N和浊度的去除,在实验期间生物砂滤池出水高锰酸盐指数、NH3-N、浊度平均值分别为1.32mg/L、0.098mg/L、0.171NTU,其相对于沉淀池出水的高锰酸盐指数、NH3-N、浊度的平均去除率分别为18.52%、72.93%、64.45%,而砂滤池出水NO2--N几乎检测不出来。滤池进水与出水溶解氧的变化也证明了砂滤池中生物的存在,并且生长状况良好。 相似文献
72.
Effects of cerium on growth and physiological mechanism in plants under enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Effect of cerium (Ce^3+) on the growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme system in rape seedlings (Brassica juncea L.) exposed to two levels of UV-B radiation (T1: 0.15 W/m^2 and T2:0.35 W/m^2) was studied by hydroponics under laboratory conditions. After 5 d of UV-B treatment, the aboveground growth indices were obviously decreased by 13.2%-44. 1%(T1) and 21.4%-49.3% (T2), compared to CK, and except active absorption area of roots, the belowground indices by 14.1%-35.6%(T1) and 20.3%-42.6% (T2). For Ce+UV-B treatments, the aboveground and belowground growth indices were decreased respectively by 4.1%-23.6%, 5.2% -23.3%(Ce+T1) and 10.8%-28.4%, 7.0%-27.8%(Ce+T2), lower than those of UV-B treatments. The decrease of growth indices appeared to be the result of changes of physiological processes. Two levels of UV-B radiation induced the decrease in chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency by 11.2%-25.9%(T1) and 20.9%- 56.9%(T2), whereas increase in membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) by 6.9%, 22.8%, 21.5%, 9.5%(T1) and 36.6%, 122.3%, 103.5%, 208.9%(T2), respectively. The reduction of the photosynthetic parameters in Ce+UV-B treatments was lessened to 3.2%-13.8%(Ce+T1) and 4.9%-27.6%(Ce+T2), and the increase of membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes except POD in the same treatments were lessened to 2.4%, 8.4%, 6.6%(Ce+T1) and 30.1%, 116.7%, 75.4%(Ce+T2). These results indicate that the regulative effect of Ce on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymatic function is the ecophysiological basis of alleviating the suppression of UV-B radiation on growth of seedlings. Furthermore, the protective effect of Ce on seedlings exposed to TI level of UV-B radiation is superior to T2 level. 相似文献
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This paper deals with the release of base cations and Al3+ at the treatment with simulated acid rain (SAR) in main soil types collected from South China. Results showed that the amounts of base cations increased obviously when the pH value of simulated acid rain was lower than 3.0 or 3.5. Compared with the leaching of K+ and Na+, the leaching of Ca2+ and Mg2+ was affected by the pH value of SAR. Only when the amounts of base cations leached from soils exceeded the cation exchange capacity, the pH value of leaching solutions decreased sharply and the amounts of released Al3+ increased. The H+ buffering mechanisms, which were affected notonly by the pH values of SAR, but also by the types and solid components of soils, were proposed for the main soils studied. 相似文献
78.
过量氮输入是水体氮污染的关键驱动因子,解析氮输入的结构和时空变化模式成为氮素环境管理的重要基础和难点.基于1952—2016年长江经济带各地区氮活动数据,分别构建了天然氮输入和人为氮输入模型,评估了氮输入负荷的时空变化特征.结果表明:①长江经济带氮输入负荷总体越过EKC曲线拐点进入由增长向下降的发展阶段,拐点出现在人均GDP为35777~36299元·人-1时,发生时间为"十二五"时期,主要原因是化肥和食物输入下降;②氮输入负荷存在显著的时空差异,东部地区表现为倒U型,中部为S型,西部为J型,表明氮负荷存在从东向西的空间转移,西部地区成为氮输入负荷增长的热点地区,这与东部地区化肥施用量下降有关;③人为输入是长江经济带氮输入的主要来源,输入量及其占总输入的比例均呈现显著的增长趋势,空间上表现为从西到东部逐步递增的变化规律,与氮驱动力分布一致;④植被的多年平均固氮量为1771 kg·km-2·a-1,其中,非农作物的固氮速率为763 kg·km-2·a-1,植被固氮量的年际波动较小,天然输入对长江经济带总体氮输入影响较小. 相似文献
79.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(3):388-400
Removing large concentrations of organic pollutants from water efficiently and quickly under visible light is essential to developing photocatalytic technology and improving solar energy efficiency. This study used a simple hydrothermal method to prepare a non-metallic, S-doped NaTaO3 (S-NTO) photocatalyst, which was then loaded onto biochar (BC) to form a S-NTO/BC composite photocatalyst. After uniform loading onto BC, the S-NTO particles transformed from cubic to spherical. The photogenerated electron-hole pair recombination probability of the composite photocatalyst was significantly lower than those of the NTO particles. The light absorption range of the catalyst was effectively widened from 310 nm UV region to visible region. In addition, a dual-effect catalytic system was constructed by introducing peroxymonosulfate (PMS) into the environment of the pollution to be degraded. The Rhodamine B, Methyl Orange, Acid Orange 7, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin degradation efficiency at 40 mg/L reached 99.6%, 99.2%, 84.5%, 67.1%, and 70.7%, respectively, after irradiation by a 40 W lamps for 90 min. The high-efficiency visible-light catalytic activity of the dual-effect catalytic system was attributed to doping with non-metallic sulfur and loading of catalysts onto BC. The development of this dual-effect catalytic system provides new ideas for quickly and efficiently solving the problem of high-concentration organic pollution in aqueous environments, rationally and fully utilizing solar energy, and expanding the application of photocatalytic technology to practice. 相似文献
80.
Dr. E. Gratacós P. J. Torres J. Vidal J. Font E. Antolin V. Cararach A. Fortuny 《黑龙江环境通报》1995,15(12):1109-1113
Anticardiolipin antibodies were measured in 60 pregnant women with acute parvovirus B19 infection. Test results for eight (13.3 per cent) women were positive for anticardiolipin antibody. Six of these eight women became negative later, yielding a prevalence of anticardiolipin antibodies of 3.3 per cent (2/60) 6 months after acute parvovirus B19 infection. Anticardiolipin antibody positivity was not associated with an increased risk of abortion, fetal death, or maternal complications. This study suggests that there is an elevated frequency of anticardiolipin antibodies in pregnant women with acute parvovirus B19, probably representing an epiphenomenon. However, this is not associated with an adverse maternal or perinatal outcome. 相似文献