炼钢厂1号—3号转炉煤气回收实践

针对提钒炼钢厂建设于20世纪70年代初的1号—3号转炉实施煤气回收的可能性进行了论证,对影响煤气回收的问题提出了相应的完善措施,在此基础上成功实施了1号—3号转炉煤气回收改造,改进后年回收转炉煤气达2 127 138GJ以上,可发电59 124 kW.h,减少CO2排放量近20万t,对降低生产能耗及减少温室气体排放起到了较好作用。     

加快废钢产业发展 促进钢铁资源循环利用

分析了废钢的应用现状及应用不足的原因，为加快废钢产业发展提出建议。提出为适应当今钢铁工业节能、降耗、环保等方面的发展要求，应大力发展废钢产业，加快废钢资源利用，促进钢铁资源循环利用，实现我国钢铁工业的可持续发展．     

Quantifying methane emission from fugitive sources by combining tracer release and downwind measurements – A sensitivity analysis based on multiple field surveys

Using a dual species methane/acetylene instrument based on cavity ring down spectroscopy (CRDS), the dynamic plume tracer dispersion method for quantifying the emission rate of methane was successfully tested in four measurement campaigns: (1) controlled methane and trace gas release with different trace gas configurations, (2) landfill with unknown emission source locations, (3) landfill with closely located emission sources, and (4) comparing with an Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) instrument using multiple trace gasses for source separation. The new real-time, high precision instrument can measure methane plumes more than 1.2 km away from small sources (about 5 kg h^?1) in urban areas with a measurement frequency allowing plume crossing at normal driving speed. The method can be used for quantification of total methane emissions from diffuse area sources down to 1 kg per hour and can be used to quantify individual sources with the right choice of wind direction and road distance. The placement of the trace gas is important for obtaining correct quantification and uncertainty of up to 36% can be incurred when the trace gas is not co-located with the methane source. Measurements made at greater distances are less sensitive to errors in trace gas placement and model calculations showed an uncertainty of less than 5% in both urban and open-country for placing the trace gas 100 m from the source, when measurements were done more than 3 km away. Using the ratio of the integrated plume concentrations of tracer gas and methane gives the most reliable results for measurements at various distances to the source, compared to the ratio of the highest concentration in the plume, the direct concentration ratio and using a Gaussian plume model. Under suitable weather and road conditions, the CRDS system can quantify the emission from different sources located close to each other using only one kind of trace gas due to the high time resolution, while the FTIR system can measure multiple trace gasses but with a lower time resolution.     

The emission inventory of atmospheric industrial pollution sources of the five cities in Zhejiang Province

The amount of several air pollutants emitted in some cities including Hangzhou,Ningbo,Huzhou,Shaoxing and Jiaxing of Zhejiang Province is based on pollution source census data of Zhejiang Province in 2010.This paper focused on the release of air pollutants such as NO_(x2),SO_2,CO,PM2.5,PM10 and VOC,and calculated the total amount of those air pollutants.It analyzed air pollutant emission factors and found that the electricity and heat production industry released the largest amount of pollutants.     

Experimental investigation on engine performances,combustion characteristics and emission of exhaust gases of VCR engine fuelled with cottonseed oil methyl ester blended with diesel

This research work investigates the engine performances, combustion characteristics, and emission of exhaust gases of variable compression ratio engine fuelled with cottonseed oil methyl ester (COME) and diesel at different blends. The analysis showed that heat release rate and cylinder pressure is higher for diesel than COME blends. Higher BTE is obtained at the maximum load condition. The higher BTE and lower SFC are obtained for blend B15 as 42.17% and 0.2 kg/kW-hr at brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) of 4.64 bar. Also it is found that the peak cylinder gas pressure and combustion duration increases when the BMEP increases. At the BMEP of 3.51 bar, higher HRR is observed as 18.12 J/deg. Increase in HRR is obtained as 6.07% for B30 at BMEP of 4.64 bar when compared to diesel. Ignition delay decreased by 13.16% for B100, by the increment of blend proportions when compared to diesel, at BMEP of 4.64 bar. Lower smoke, HC and CO emissions are observed when increasing the blend proportions, whereas the nitric oxide emissions increases due to the better combustion resulted in higher temperatures. At BMEP of 4.64 bar, the CO emissions are reduced to 25.24% for neat biodiesel when compared with the diesel.     

基于LMDI的长江中下游城市群污染排放强度分析

长江中下游城市群地区工业重化特征明显,工业水污染排放贡献超过10%,大气污染物占比更超过70%。本文采用迪氏对数指标分解法(LMDI)识别长江中下游城市群污染排放的主要影响因子,对长江中下游城市群重点行业COD、氨氮、SO_2、NO_x排放强度进行分析。将排放强度拆分为末端削减、技术工业和产品结构三个指标,分析2012—2020年和2020—2030年两个时间段内,对污染排放强度降低贡献度最高的影响因素。结果表明,末端削减和技术工艺对污染排放强度降低影响大,贡献值之和约为90%,两者分别代表末端处理技术对污染排放的削减程度,以及高附加值行业单位产值污染物产生水平;COD、SO_2和氨氮的排放强度由末端削减和技术工艺共同作用,NO_x的排放强度较高且未来末端削减水平进步小,未来需要重视该污染物的减排和治理。     

成都市人为源挥发性有机物排放清单及特征

基于成都市实地调查和环境统计等活动水平数据,采用排放因子法和计算模型等,编制了2014年成都市人为源VOCs排放清单,并完成了空间分配和不确定性分析。成都市人为源VOCs排放量为15.8×10~4t,其中化石燃料固定燃烧源、工艺过程源、溶剂使用源、移动源、储存运输源、其他源排放量分别为0.5×10~4、3.8×10~4、6.0×10~4、4.9×10~4、0.4×10~4、2.2×10~4t,溶剂使用源为最大人为排放源,其次是移动源和工艺过程源。木材加工业为最大工业贡献源,然后依次是医药制造业、非金属矿物制品业、化学原料、化学制品制造业、汽车制造业等。成都市人为源82%的VOCs排放量分布于二、三圈层的工业园区,而中心城区主要为移动源和建筑施工所贡献,其排放分布已随建成区联片发展而形成整体。排放清单活动水平数据可靠性较高,而排放因子存在一定不确定性。     

Is carbon dioxide emission convergence in the ten largest economies?

This study applies stationary test with a flexible Fourier function proposed by Enders and Lee (Enders, W. and J. Lee. 2012. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 74:574–99) to test the validity of carbon dioxide emission to assess its convergence, and the rationality of the existing policies in the 10 largest economies of the world. We find that our approximation has higher power to detect smooth breaks than the linear method, as the true data generating process of carbon dioxide emission convergence is in fact a stationary nonliner process. We examine the validity of carbon dioxide emission from the nonlinear point of view and provide robust evidence that clearly indicates that carbon dioxide emission is convergence in most countries, not depending on their development pattern. It implies that the existing policies in most countries are rational, and the United States, Japan, and Germany need more efforts in reducing the carbon dioxide emission.     

吉林省松花江中下游污染物排放总量控制

分析了实施总量控制的理论依据 ;并以此研究吉林省松花江中下游污染物总量控制以及吉林市控制单元的总量控制方案 ;最后探讨了总量控制措施。     

城市人为热排放分类研究及其对气温的影响

随着城市化进程日益加速，城市热岛现象愈发严重。利用上海市近50 a各区县月均温数据，统计分析了各区与崇明夏季每5 a均温差，发现热岛效应由市区中心向郊区延伸，范围越来越大，特别是20世纪80年代开始温差呈较大幅增加，城市热岛现象显著；在前人工作的基础上，分析热岛产生机制中的主要原因之一：城市中人为热排。绘制人为热排放流程图，并将城市人为热源进行分类，分析所有可能成为人为热排放源的设施以便定性及控制研究；对供给，消费和排出3种阶段的计算方法进行对比归纳，根据目的不同分别使用；分别计算燃油排热和燃煤排热以估算上海市人为热排放总量，统计上海市区和郊区的年均温及年均温差随时间变化及其与人为热排放之间的关系，发现两者之间有很好的相关性；最后就上海市夏季空调使用排热对上海市温度影响进行了定性研究，数字化上海市航片得到上海市建筑物分布图，假设楼层和空调密度之间存在相关性，发现空调排热与地面温度反演有着非常良好的一致性，同时也是造成上海城市高温的主要因素之一