科技潮流

醚基汽车燃料问世 可替代车用成品油,转基因细菌“吃”废料 分泌柴油利环保,     

Distribution and deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in precipitation in Guangzhou, South China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in precipitation from March to August 2005 in Guangzhou, South China. Fourteen PAHs were studied, and their total concentrations varied from 616.6 to 3486.7 ng/L in dissolved phase and from 403.8 to 3125.5 ng/L in particulate phase. The estimated deposition loading of PAHs was 3568 μg/m2 during the monitoring period. The deposition of PAHs was a potential source for Pearl River comparing with the contents of surface water. In addition, the high concentra...     

甲醇装置燃料气预热可行性分析

某厂30×104t／a甲醇装置于2006年9月建成投产,装置以天然气为原料,采用天然气水蒸气转化法制取甲醇合成气、在铜基催化剂的作用下合成粗甲醇,甲醇三塔精馏流程制取成品精甲醇。其中转化工段的热源几乎全部来自加热炉,加热炉以天然气及氢回收过来的弛放气为燃料进行加热,天然气的主要成分为甲烷,     

不用加油的金属燃料汽车

专家们认为,在不久的将来,金属粉末将成为一种＂零碳＂燃料,用于汽车发动机等动力装置。     

废水中的藻类可用于制造生物燃料

2010年7月30日,欧盟启动了一项将微藻转化成交通用生物燃料的工业界示范工程计划,它是欧盟总额为500亿欧元的第七次杠架性研究行动(2007~2013年)的一部分.其所需最小的养殖面积为140hm2,藻类的年产量约为90~120kt/hm2.     

On-road pollutant emission and fuel consumption characteristics of buses in Beijing

On-road emission and fuel consumption (FC) levels for Euro III and IV buses fueled on diesel and compressed natural gas (CNG) were compared, and emission and FC characteristics of buses were analyzed based on approximately 28,700 groups of instantaneous data obtained in Beijing using a portable emissions measurement system (PEMS). The experimental results revealed that NOx and PM emissions from CNG buses were decreased by 72.0% and 82.3% respectively, compared with Euro IV diesel buses. Similarly, these emissions were reduced by 75.2% and 96.3% respectively, compared with Euro III diesel buses. In addition, CO2, CO, HC, NOx, PM emissions and FC of Euro IV diesel buses were reduced by 26.4%, 75.2%, 73.6%, 11.4%, 79.1%, and 26.0%, respectively, relative to Euro III diesel buses. The CO2, CO, HC, NOx, PM emissions and FC factors all decreased with bus speed increased, while increased as bus acceleration increased. At the same time, the emission/FC rates as well as the emission/FC factors exhibited a strong positive correlation with the vehicle specific power (VSP). They all were the lowest when VSP < 0, and then rapidly increased as VSP increased. Furthermore, both the emission/FC rates and emission/FC factors were the highest at accelerations, higher at cruise speeds, and the lowest at decelerations for non-idling buses. These results can provide a base reference to further estimate bus emission and FC inventories in Beijing.     

2030能源展望与节能(下)

在本文的前半部分(2011年第3期第46页)中,我们分析了目前可替代能源在世界范围的发展形势,其结果并不乐观。所以要解决世界能源需求快速上涨所带来的压力,其途径并不是寻找新的方法来生产更多的能源,加拿大的焦油砂和墨西哥的海湾钻井,都给我们脆弱的生态系统带来了很大压力,因此,我们应当从节能和提高能源使用效率方面入手来减少对能源的需求。实现节能和高效需要转变生活方式     

欧盟的生物燃料像石油一样是高碳经济

研究结果关于油棕榈种植园温室气体排放的一项新研究已经计算出CO₂排放水平,它比以前认为的数据增长50%以上。英国莱萨斯特大学为国际清洁运输委员会（一个国际智囊团）做了一项新研究,希望估算出与生物柴油生产相关的温室气体排放量。受命提炼     

日本垃圾车 用“地沟油”做燃料

在日本旅游期间,免不了要去品尝各种美味小吃。有天,我和表哥来到一家料理店吃日本料理,没吃一点,我就放下筷子,表哥问道：“怎么不吃了？”我苦笑道：“在外面还是少吃点为妙,地沟油不是好东西!”听我这么说,表哥笑了：“你是不是给地沟油吓怕了？这样,我带你看看,日本人是如何对付地沟油的!”     

南昌经开区冬季PM2.5中正构烷烃污染特征及来源

为研究南昌经开区冬季PM_2.5中正构烷烃的污染特征及来源,文章对2020年12月1日-2021年2月28日采集的PM_2.5样品进行了正构烷烃浓度分析。结果表明：南昌经开区冬季PM_2.5样品中正构烷烃碳数范围为C20～C33,浓度为71.66～1 295.30 ng/m³,平均为(327.51±186.07) ng/m³。气象参数和气态污染物与正构烷烃之间的相关性表明,正构烷烃浓度受到了人为排放源和气象条件的共同影响。利用诊断参数和PMF模型对正构烷烃来源进行估算,结果显示冬季人为源(化石燃料和生物质燃烧)对南昌经开区大气中正构烷烃的贡献达到66%～77%。南昌经开区冬季出现的8次污染事件,主要受到了生物质燃烧源和化石燃料燃烧源输入的控制,整个冬季污染事件期间,这2种人为源的贡献比例达到68.05%,其中生物质燃料燃烧源占比31.79%,化石燃烧占比36.26%。气象条件也对污染事件中的正构烷烃累积起到了作用,随着温度的升高,更多的挥发性有机物被分配到颗粒物中,会促进正构烷烃浓度...