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141.
142.
铬、砷离子吸附剂的制备及其吸附性能的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过对沸石的改性,在沸石表面形成了一层纳米态的二氧化锰,而纳米态的二氧化锰及沸石都对水中重金属有强烈的吸附性能,从而达到对铬、砷离子的吸附作用。通过沸石与二氧化锰的配比、吸附溶液的pH值、吸附时间、改性沸石的用量对其去除效果的影响,探讨了吸附作用机理。通过吸附测定,改性沸石的最佳配比沸石:MnO2为2:1;改性沸石对As(III)的最佳吸附pH和时间为5.0和30 min;对Cr(VI)的最佳吸附pH和时间为7.0和30 min的条件下吸附效果最佳。 相似文献
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144.
作为一种新兴的纳米材料,羟基多壁碳纳米管(OH-MWCNTs)可能与其他污染物在水环境中共存,并进一步影响它们的毒性、输移和归趋。因此,评价碳纳米管存在下砷的毒性变化需要得到更多的关注。该试验探索了在不同pH值条件下,OH-MWCNTs诱导砷(As(III)和As(V))对水生生物大型蚤的毒性变化的潜在机制。发现了H2AsO3-和H2AsO4-是对大型蚤毒性最大的As(III)和As(V)。比较As(III)和As(V)的结果,发现pH值是影响砷毒性最重要的因素。此外,OH-MWCNTs影响砷对大型蚤毒性的结果表明,OH-MWCNTs的存在可以提高砷的毒性。通过吸附实验进一步研究了砷与OH-MWCNTs的相互作用。OH-MWCNTs 对As(V)吸附容量高于As(III)。总而言之, OH-MWCNTs对某些形态砷的吸附是解释砷毒性增强的可靠证据。
精选自Xinghao Wang, Ruijuan Qu, Ahmed A. Allam, Jamaan Ajarem, Zhongbo Wei, Zuoyao Wang. Impact of carbon nanotubes on the toxicity of inorganic arsenic [As(III) and As(V)] to Daphnia magna: the role of the certain arsenic species. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry: Volume 35, Issue 7, pages 1852–1859, July 2016.
DOI: 10.1002/etc.3340
详情请见http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/etc.3340/full 相似文献
145.
Jana Tremlová Vladan Golka Radka Babková Jana Najmanová Pavel Tlustoš 《Chemistry and Ecology》2016,32(10):919-936
The ability of plant species to accumulate arsenic (As) species in the biomass from As-contaminated soils is variable. Among the plants widely grown at the As-contaminated locations, Plantaginaceae and Cyperaceae families belong to the frequent ones. In this study, the ability of Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae) and three wetland plant species representing the family Cyperaceae (Carex praecox, Carex vesicaria, and Scirpus sylvaticus) naturally occurring in the soils with an elevated As in the Czech Republic were investigated. The plants were cultivated under controlled conditions in an As-contaminated soil reaching 735?mg?kg?1 of the total As. The total As in plants reached up to 8.3?mg?kg?1 in leaves, and up to 155?mg?kg?1 in roots of C. praecox. Dominant As compounds were arsenite and arsenate with a small abundance of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in all the plant species. In Cyperaceae, small percentages of arsenobetaine (AB) and arsenocholine (AC) were detected, suggesting the ability of these plants to transform As into less toxic compounds. Moreover, the important role of As(V) sequestration on iron plaque on the root surface of Cyperaceae was confirmed. In this context, root washing with oxalic acid partially disrupted the iron plaque for the better release of arsenate. 相似文献
146.
依据《环境空气和废气 颗粒物中砷、硒、铋、锑的测定 原子荧光法》(HJ 1133—2020)的要求,对采集环境空气中砷的9种滤膜的本底值、回收率、检出限、精密度和准确度进行了实验对比。根据实验各项性能指标及成本考虑,建议选择尼龙、硝酸纤维或混合纤维3种国产有机滤膜,其购买方便、价格较低,方法检出限均为0.2 ng/m3,精密度和准确度均能满足环境空气中砷的测定要求。 相似文献
147.
以吐鲁番盆地葡萄园土壤中砷(As)为研究对象,分析15种光谱变换下的土壤光谱反射率数据与土壤As含量的相关性,构建土壤As含量预测的偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)模型和地理加权回归(GWR)模型。结果表明:葡萄园土壤原始光谱率(R)经一阶微分(FD)、平方根一阶微分(SRFD)、平方根二阶微分(SRSD)、倒数二阶微分(RTSD)、对数一阶微分(LTFD)、倒对数一阶微分(ATFD)变换对As光谱特征的增强作用最突出。模型预测结果表明,采用基于LTFD变换的GWR模型可有效提高葡萄园土壤As含量的预测精度。 相似文献
148.
Pengfei LIN Xiaojian ZHANG Hongwei YANG Yong LI Chao CHEN 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(1):50
Arsenic (As) spills occurred more frequently and sometimes polluted water sources in recent years in China. It is as urgent need to develop emergency treatment technologies to address the arsenic threat for large-scale water treatment plants. In response, we developed a chemical sedimentation technology to remove arsenic contaminants for water treatment plants. Bench-scale experiments were conducted to investigate the efficiency of arsenic removal and the influencing factors of the chemical sedimentation treatment process. The influencing factors included the choice and dosage of coagulants, the valence of arsenic and pH value of solution. The As(V) contaminants can be almost completely removed by ferric or alum coagulants. The As(III) contaminants are more recalcitrant to chemical sedimentation, 75% for ferric coagulant and 40% for alum coagulant. The quantitative results of arsenic removal load by different ferric or alum coagulants were presented to help determine the parameters for arsenic treatment technology. The dominant mechanism for arsenic removal is static combination, or adsorption of negative arsenic species onto positive ferric hydroxide or alum hydroxide flocs. The efficiency of this treatment technology has also been demonstrated by a real production test in one water treatment plant with arsenic-rich source water and one emergency response. This technology was verified to be quick to set-up, easy to operate and highly efficient even for high concentration of arsenic. 相似文献
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150.
联合应用高效雾化器、缝式石英管火焰原子吸收法,采用萃取富集技术测定砷,使砷的灵敏度改善267倍,同时消除了大量盐类的干扰,避免了钠、铝等对石英管的损坏。考察了溶液酸度、碘化钾用量、共存离子等因素对实验的影响。该方法的线性范围为0~25μg/L,检出限为。3μg/L,相对标准偏差为3.2%,回收率为97.8%~101.0%,用于环境水样中痕量砷的监测,结果令人满意。 相似文献