关于冷原子荧光测汞法灵敏度和稳定性影响因素的探讨

本文从六个方面对影响冷原子荧光测汞灵敏度和稳定性的因素进行了探讨,同时提出了相应的改进措施,以便更好地应用冷原子荧光测汞法。     

华南寒潮气候特征研究

本文利用华南地区４８站逐日气温资料，分析寒潮气候特征．经分析发现：华南寒潮频数由北向南减少，内陆多于沿海。寒潮过程年代际变化有逐渐减少的趋势。华南寒潮平均过程降温居全国之首，８０％以上集中在１０．０～１９．０℃降温幅度内。     

寒冷地区人工湿地污水处理技术研究进展

人工湿地作为我国新型的生态处理工艺,在寒冷地区的应用逐渐得到重视。本文总结了寒冷地区人工湿地的发展及应用情况,对湿地设计以及冬季保温措施进行了归纳与总结。     

寒冷地区环境污染治理设施转型升级的思考

随着城市化、工业化的进程和环境保护的发展,污染治理设施发生了转型升级。如何结合寒冷地区城市与河流的特点,进一步加强设施的建设与管理,本文以齐齐哈尔为例进行了探讨。     

Cold-loving microbes, plants, and animals—fundamental and applied aspects

Microorganisms, plants, and animals have successfully colonized cold environments, which represent the majority of the biosphere on Earth. They have evolved special mechanisms to overcome the life-endangering influence of low temperature and to survive freezing. Cold adaptation includes a complex range of structural and functional adaptations at the level of all cellular constituents, such as membranes, proteins, metabolic activity, and mechanisms to avoid the destructive effect of intracellular ice formation. These strategies offer multiple biotechnological applications of cold-adapted organisms and/or their products in various fields. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of microorganisms, plants, and animals to cope with the cold and the resulting biotechnological perspectives.     

季节性冰蓄冷技术在空调系统中的应用研究

介绍季节性天然冰蓄冷技术的研究与发展现状,对一种季节性天然冰蓄冷技术进行技术可行性探讨.季节性天然冰蓄冷技术用于建筑空调既有节能和环保方面的优势,也存在技术实施的制约因素.通过典型建筑冷量平衡计算表明,在部分寒冷及夏热冬冷地区,季节性天然冰蓄冷技术具有较好的发展前景.图2,表1,参18.     

南黄海冷水团海域及西部近岸区表层沉积物中碳、氮、磷的分布特征及其生态学指示意义

基于南黄海西部沉积化学及相关环境因子的调查资料,重点分析和探讨了冷水团海域及近岸区表层沉积物中TOC、TN、TP的分布特征及其生态学指示意义.结果显示,冷水团海域沉积物比近岸区沉积物具有较高的含水率、TOC、TN、TP含量及N/P比.沉积物类型(粒径)、物质来源和沉积环境显著影响着TOC含量,TOC高值主要分布在泥质沉积区.表层沉积物TN与TOC含量在冷水团海域呈显著正相关关系,表明两者的同源性较好,但整个调查海域中TP与TOC、TN无显著相关性,说明其来源较复杂.南黄海冷水团海域和西部近岸浅水区沉积物理化特性之间的显著差异反映了它们受控因素的迥异,冷水团海域沉积物TOC和TN含量受水柱中生物活动的影响较大,上层水体中产生的有机碎屑是其重要的海生物质来源,而浅水区沉积物TN和TP含量受水柱中生物活动的影响相对较小.底层水年平均DO含量对沉积物TOC、TN分布也具有一定影响.     

Water regime-nitrogen fertilizer incorporation interaction: Field study on methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a rice agroecosystem in Harbin, China

Water regime and nitrogen (N) fertilizer are two important factors impacting greenhouse gases (GHG) emission from paddy field, whereas their effects have not been well studied in cold region. In this study, we conducted a two-year field experiment to study the impacts of water regime and N fertilizer on rice yields and GHG emissions in Harbin, China, a cold region located in high latitudes. Our results showed that intermittent irrigation significantly decreased methane (CH₄) emission compared with continuous flooding, however, the decrement was far lower than the global average level. The N₂O emissions were very small when flooded but peaked at the beginning of the disappearance of floodwater. The N fertilizer treatments increased CH₄ emissions at low level (75kgN/ha). But both CH₄ and N₂O emissions were uninfluenced at the levels of 150kgN/ha and 225kgN/ha. Rice yields increased under intermittent irrigation and were highest at the level of 150kgN/ha. From our results, we recommended that the intermittent irrigation and 150kgN/ha as the ideal water regime-nitrogen fertilizer incorporation for this area to achieve low GHG emissions without impacting rice yields.     

自行车D型中轴棍冷挤压工艺及模具

自行车D型中轴棍结构复杂,制造精度要求高。此文从材料选择、坯料制造、设备选型等方面阐述了D型中轴棍冷挤压成形工艺;对冷挤压模具结构及工作原理、凹模芯的设计及加工也做了详细介绍。     

氯气和二氧化氯混合组分的分别测定

氯气和二氧化氯气体共存时，用现有的分析方法不能分别测定，采用甲基橙比色法和硝酸银比浊法分别测定氯气和二氧化氯的总量，然后根据各自的反应原理和标准曲线方程建立二元一次方程组。通过求方程组的解，得到氯气和二氧化氯各自的含量，同时还研究了冷阱分离法，并对两种方法的测定结果进行了比较。