环境监测中重金属污染的控制对策分析

在我国社会经济快速发展的过程中,人们对自然资源需求无度,造成生态环境破坏问题非常严重。通过环境监测可以及时分析空气中有毒有害的物质成分,并且对环境污染问题进行及时有效的解决。但是在监测的过程中所采用大量的空气试剂很容易造成环境二次污染等问题,为此必须要积极加强对环境监测中重金属污染的合理控制,对空气试剂产生的大量废弃物进行及时的回收处理,从而有效避免出现二次污染的情况,充分发挥环境监测的作用。     

Alternative method to prevent thermal runaway in case of error on operating conditions continuous reactor

Thermal runaway was studied in a continuous tubular pilot reactor under steady-state regime. Different accident scenarii were conducted by making some errors on reactant concentrations and/or temperature feed. To prevent thermal runaway, control by direct contact by solvent injection was used at different reactor locations. This injection allowed controlling the maximum reaction temperature. A simplified analytical method to estimate the maximum reaction temperature along the reactor was used.Benefit of this control method was the diminution of computational time. Furthermore, by injecting solvent to control maximum reaction temperature, there is no need to shut down the unit. The control method was validated experimentally.     

气固两相流90°弯管抗冲蚀结构优化

为了提高天然气输送管道90°弯管的耐磨性能,提出了1种三段弯曲式弯管,通过对弯管弯曲段进行三段式改进来减小弯管中二次流的大小,优化弯管内的流场,改善弯管的冲蚀磨损状况。利用COMSOL仿真软件建立三段式弯管模型,并以弯管弯曲段和出口段二次流平均值之和最小为优化目标,在约束条件下凭借COMSOL中的COBYLA优化算法得到了最优管形;用Fluent对优化后的三段式弯管进行冲蚀数值模拟并与一段式弯管的模拟结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明:与一段式90°弯管相比,优化后的三段式弯管流场更加平稳,其弯曲段的二次流强度大幅降低,弯管壁面的冲蚀磨损程度得到较大的改善。     

Differentiated impacts of environmental policies on the Colombian Frontier: coercive conservation and containment of illicit activities in the Pacific and the Ariari region

ABSTRACT

This article, through the use of political ecology perspectives on coercive conservation, aims to explain how in two separate Colombian Natural Parks and buffer zones, environmental policies designed to (re)take control of the frontier, have produced a similar territorial differentiation in the contention of illicit activities. Los Farallones in the Colombian Pacific and La Macarena/Puerto Rico in the Ariari region have experienced different stages of the armed conflict and are at the center of this analysis. I argue that in the contexts of both conflict escalation (1998–2007) and conflict de-escalation (2008–2016), the State in its attempt to control the frontier has not only had military intervention in areas of conservation but has also reinforced environmental programs that attack illegal mining and coca, producing both a territorially differentiated containment of illicit activities and an uneven progression of the illicit frontier.     

广东土地退化及治理对策

本文概述土地退化的原因和状况。通过对广东山区土壤和东江流域低产耕地的大批土壤剖面分析数据的统计和推算,结果表明,广东的林地退化面积约占全省陆地面积的35％;旱地土地退化面积占全省旱地总面积的95％;水田土地退化面积约占全省水田总面积的25％。根据广东的省情,提出土地退化治理的对策:提高认识,增加投入,组织力量,开展调查摸底;制订整体治理规划,分步实施;明确治理的中心任务,推进面上治理利用,加强研究工作。     

待产孕妇分娩方式的选择分析

了解医院剖宫产及其特征.方法:回顾性分析2000年1月至2005年12月衡阳市某医院1850例剖宫产产妇的临床资料.结果:6年间剖宫产率分别为:10.78%、12.53%、13.80%、17.38%、19.53%、20.32%,6年间剖宫产特征中,一直以难产为第一位,巨大儿、产妇要求有上升趋势.结论:应对孕妇加强健康教育,减少巨大儿的发生率,同时,应加强围生期保健宣传力度,使家属及产妇正确地认识剖宫产,降低剖宫产率.表3,参7.     

A very simple yet accurate solution to the thermal explosion problem

A very simple solution to the thermal explosion problem for one-dimensional solids is presented. The solution produces analytical expressions for the criticality condition. Two different solutions are used. One solution gives higher answers than those known from exact solutions and the second solution gives lower answers. This allows bracketing the expected answer with a determined tolerance. The results obtained compare quite favorably with those obtained from known exact numerical solutions. This allows the utilization of the present method for many a practical problem with an acceptable tolerances.     

韶钢水泥厂的粉尘污染及综合防治措施

韶钢水泥厂在进行干法生产时,会产生大量的粉尘,严重影响生产和厂区周围居民的正常生活,危害严重。通过一些综合防治措施,不仅保护了环境,而且还可回收数量可观的有价原料、成品或半成品。     

加热炉设计中的环境噪声控制

对石化企业中加热炉的噪声生成进行了分析，介绍了噪声对装置环境的影响，在工程设计中对噪声控制     

基于LonWorks现场总线技术的城市污水处理系统的设计与实现

主要讨论了利用LonWorks现场总线技术来实现城市污水处理厂污水处理系统的实时控制，本系统采用IPC和PLC控制结构对现场的各种设备进行实时控制和数据的采集，通过LonWorks现场总线网络自动收集和传输污水处理系统的数据到中心控制室，中心控制室的计算机分析数据后对现场进行实时监控，实现污水处理的自动控制和无人化管理，中心控制室也可以通过Internet与远程终端互相通讯，向各终端提供实时的数据和远程终端对污水处理系统的实时监控。