MW-Fe0/H2O2体系预处理垃圾渗滤液浓缩液有机物

为探究MW-Fe⁰/H₂O₂类芬顿反应对渗滤液浓缩液的效能与机理,探讨了废水初始pH值、Fe⁰投加量、H₂O₂投加量、MW功率和反应时间等影响因素对有机物去除效果,通过类比实验对MW-Fe⁰/H₂O₂体系处理渗滤液浓缩液中MW辐射的反应机理进行研究,并采用了SEM和XRD技术对反应前后的Fe⁰物相变化及催化机理进行了探究.结果表明,在初始pH值为3.0,Fe⁰投加量0.5g/L,H₂O₂投加量20mL/L,MW功率400W,反应时间14min时,其COD、UV₂₅₄以及色度（CN）的去除率分别为58.70%、85.69%和88.30%.类芬顿类比实验说明MW-Fe⁰/H₂O₂体系处理后具有较高的有机物去除率和可生化性;紫外-可见光谱表明,Fenton和MW-Fe⁰/H₂O₂类芬顿反应均能使废水中有机物的芳香性程度、分子量和缩合度大幅度降低,但MW-Fe⁰/H₂O₂类芬顿反应优于其他反应过程;三维荧光光谱显示,MW-Fe⁰/H₂O₂类芬顿反应能使渗滤液浓缩液中荧光峰峰位蓝移,说明废水的腐殖质缩合度减小,且分子量大幅降低.与此同时,Fe⁰在反应过程中,表面由光滑变得粗糙且被腐蚀为Fe₃O₄和FeOOH等物质.MW-Fe⁰/H₂O₂类芬顿反应的主要机理为芬顿反应及铁氧化物-H₂O₂非均相芬顿反应的高级氧化作用、铁基胶体对有机物的吸附沉淀,而MW的热效应和非热效应加速了以上作用的进行,从而能对渗滤液浓缩液中有机污染物进行快速去除.     

大气降尘中铅、锌、铜、铁的原子吸收光谱法测定

研究了大气降尘中铅、锌、铜、铁等金属元素的原子吸收光谱测定方法,用氢氟酸消解法对降尘进行预处理,并对方法的精密度、准确度进行了检验,结果较为满意.该法简便、快速、灵敏.     

磁流体处理印染废水初探

探讨了Fe3O4磁流体在不同条件下对降低印染废水的COD和色度两个方面的影响，实验表明，当pH=11，十二烷基叔胺的量是亚铁量的0．16倍时，COD降低最多，脱色效果最好，且磁场强度在160mT左右时，磁流体沉降最快。     

云贵高原湖泊沉积物一水界面铁、锰、硫体系的研究进展

通过对云贵高原湖泊沉积物一水界面铁、锰、硫体系的研究 ,揭示了湖泊铁、锰循环受氧化还原边界层、沉积物一水界面等多重界面的控制 ;湖水中硫酸盐的浓度制约着其扩散的物理过程 ,进而影响着硫酸盐还原作用 ;硫酸盐还原对铁、锰循环产生亚扩散层屏蔽效应 ;铁、锰循环伴随有微量金属元素的沉积后再迁移现象 ;沉积物一水界面为认识湖泊污染问题、有效地解决湖泊铁、锰的季节性污染等提供了科学依据。     

泸沽湖氧化还原边界层的季节性迁移及其对水质的影响

通过对云南泸沽湖孔隙水和沉积物垂直剖面Ｍｎ，Ｆｅ及其它氧化还原参数季节性变化规律的研究，建立了湖泊氧化还原边界层的季节性迁移模式，同时定量评估了重金属界面扩散作用对上覆湖水水质的季节性影响。结果表明，孔隙水和沉积物Ｍｎ，Ｆｅ浓度均呈明显的峰形分布，Ｍｎ，Ｆｅ峰的位置和形状以及其它氧化还原参数都表现出季节性变化的特点；     

Fe/Cu体系湿式催化氧化一步高效脱除H2S新方法研究

提出了Fe/Cu体系室温湿式催化氧化一步高效脱除H2S废气的新方法,阐述了反应机理、实验装置和工艺流程;考察了Fe3+、Cu2+浓度和H2S入口浓度对H2S脱除效率的影响及Fe3+、H+与添加剂NaCl浓度对CuS氧化浸出的影响,分析了Fe3+、Cu2+、H+浓度和废气中O2含量对fe3+、Cu2+再生的影响;并进行了综合实验.结果表明,当废气中O2体积分数为5%时,新方法中含40g·L-1Cu2+及80g·L-1Fe3+的吸收体系即能对体积分数为1000×10-6的H2S废气100%稳定脱硫,体系除消耗O外,过程不消耗任何原料,不产生二次污染,体系无降解问题.     

水稻耐亚铁的水培鉴定指标研究

通过水培试验，研究Ｆｅ（２＋）胁迫下的水稻品种生物性状和主要生理生态特性，明确Ｆｄ（２＋）１２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ为鉴别水稻品种耐性差异的适宜亚铁浓度．并提出可将苗高、根系生长量、根系氧化力、干物质产量作为水稻品种耐亚铁的鉴定指标．     

Effect of humic acids on the Fenton degradation of phenol

We show that the degradation of phenol by Fe(III) and hydrogen peroxide is faster in the presence of humic acids. This is most likely due to faster reduction of Fe(III)-humate complexes by H₂O₂/HO₂^·/O₂^–· when compared with Fe(III)-H₂O complexes. The fact that humic acids, a major class of naturally occurring compounds, favour the Fenton reaction has great relevance in the field of water and soil decontamination, where organic compounds usually have a negative effect. Furthermore, it adds insight into the self-depuration processes of natural aquifers.     

Metal contamination of riverine sediments below the Avoca mines, south east Ireland

The River Avoca is severely polluted by discharges of acid mine drainage (AMD) from the abandoned sulphur and copper mines at Avoca. The riverine sediments were studied during a low flow period to establish the degree of contamination and to identify the major processes affecting sediment metal concentrations. pH plays a major role in the regulation of zinc adsorption and desorption in sediments, showing a significant correlation (p&0.001). The zinc concentration in the sediment falls below background levels after the input of AMD. However, the metal precipitated when the pH increased downstream of a fertiliser factory (pH8.0), some 7 km below the mine. In contrast Cu and Fe significantly increased (p0.001) both in the sediment (0--30 mm depth) and the surface ochre immediately below the mixing zone. Copper removal appears to be primarily by co-precipitation. Higher sediment enrichment factors for all metals were obtained in the surface sediment layer (ochre) deposited on larger stones and in floc material collected in sediment traps, compared with the subsurface sediment. Cadmium was not recorded in any of the sediment collected at the detection limit used (0.01 g g-1). Metal deposition in the sediments was found to be spacially variable, so sub-sampling is required, although replicates show little variation. Results indicate that short term variation in metal inputs is identified by sampling the surface layer only, whereas sampling of the subsurface layer (<63 m fraction) is more suitable for identifying long-term trends in sediment quality. The implication of sediment analysis in assessing environmental impact is discussed.     

镉、铁及其复合污染对烟草生理的影响

Cd作为一种主要的环境污染物,它对生物的毒性已有较多的报道.Fe作为一种植物生长所需的微量矿质营养元素,其毒性研究尚少见。目前研究发现用Fe~(2+)含量超过1.5ppm的池水喷灌烟草,会产生毒害.水稻的“青铜色病”,“Alkagave病”、“Aki-ock病”、甘蔗的“斑叶病”都和Fe毒害有关.