Reaction pathways of dimethyl phthalate degradation in TiO2-UV-O2 and TiO2-UV-Fe(VI) systems

The photocatalytic degradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) in aqueous TiO₂ suspension under UV illumination has been investigated using oxygen (O₂) and ferrate (Fe(VI)) as electron acceptors. The experiments demonstrated that Fe(VI) was a more effective electron acceptor than O₂ for scavenging the conduction band electrons from the surface of the catalyst. Some major intermediate products from DMP degradation were identified by HPLC and GC/MS analyses. The analytical results identified dimethyl 3-hydroxyphthalate and dimethyl 2-hydroxyphthalate as the two main intermediate products from the DMP degradation in the TiO₂–UV–O₂ system, while in contrast phthalic acid was found to be the main intermediate product in the TiO₂–UV–Fe(VI) system. These findings indicate that DMP degradation in the TiO₂–UV–O₂ and TiO₂–UV–Fe(VI) systems followed different reaction pathways. An electron spin resonance analysis confirmed that hydroxyl radicals existed in the TiO₂–UV–O₂ reaction system and an unknown radical species (most likely an iron–oxo species) is suspected to exist in the TiO₂–UV–Fe(VI) reaction system. Two pathway schemes of DMP degradation in the TiO₂–UV–O₂ and TiO₂–UV–Fe(VI) reaction systems are proposed. It is believed that the radicals formed in the TiO₂–UV–O₂ reaction system preferably attack the aromatic ring of the DMP, while in contrast the radicals formed in the TiO₂–UV–Fe(VI) reaction systems attack the alkyl chain of DMP.     

不同母质发育的水稻土中铁、锰对甲烷排放的影响

盆栽结果表明,不同土壤类型铁、锰含量的差异是造成不同土壤类型间甲烷排放量差异甚大的重要因素之一。土壤中铁、锰通过对土壤氧化还原电位及根膜形成的影响而影响甲烷的排放。     

Dissimilatory reduction of Fe~III (EDTA) with microorganisms in the system of nitric oxide removal from the flue gas by metal chelate absorption

IntroductionThecombustionoffossilfuelsgeneratesSO2 andNOxpollutantswhichcauseairpollutionandacidrain .Existingfluegasdesulfurization(FGD)scrubbersinvolvelimestoneprocesses,whichareefficientforcontrollingSO2 emission ,butareincapableofremovingalmostwater i…     

铁锈及Fe(OH)3处理硫酸盐废水厌氧方法试验

投加铁锈或Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３可明显改善含高浓度硫酸盐有机废水的厌氧处理能力，使趋于失败的升流式厌氧污泥床ＵＡＳＢ恢复正常工作对ＳＯ４２－为５０００ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＣＯＤＣｒ为１５０００ｍｇ／Ｌ的合成脂肪酸废水，在水力停留时间为４ｄ，由４０％以下的ＣＯＤ去除率提高到投加铁锈或Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３后的７３％和８２％，出口ｐＨ值由５３上升到７３，产甲烷气量由０.３Ｌ／ｄ上升为２２Ｌ／ｄ.并提出了Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３比铁锈在去除Ｓ２－干扰更有效，去除Ｓ２-干扰可使厌氧处理恢复正常     

Synchronous-scan fluorescence spectra of Chlorella vulgaris solution

The characterization of the Chlorella vulgaris solution was carried out using synchronous-scan spectroscopy. The range of concentration of algae and Fe(III) in aqueous solutions were 5 × 10⁸–8 × 10⁹ cells l⁻¹ and 10–60 μM, respectively. Effective characterization method used was synchronous-scan fluorescence spectroscopy. The wavelength difference (Δλ) of 90 nm was maintained between excitation and emission wavelengths; 90 nm was found to be the best Δλ for effective characterization of Chlorella vulgaris solution with or without quencher species (e.g., Fe(III), humic acid (HA)) for the first time. The peak was observed at about EX 236.6 nm/EM 326.6 nm for synchronous-scan fluorescence spectra. The fluorescence quenching of algae in system of algae–Fe(III)–HA was studied using synchronous-scan spectroscopy for the first time. Fe(III) was clearly the effective quencher. The relationship between I₀/I (quenching efficiency) and c (concentration of Fe(III) added) was a linear correlation for the algae solution with Fe(III). Also, Aldrich humic acid was found to be an effective quencher. pH effect on synchronous-scan fluorescence intensity of algal solution with Fe(III) and/or HA was evident.     

含铁化合物对有机氯化物的脱氯处理技术研究

综述了钯 /铁、二硫化铁、硫化铁、三氧化二铁、绿锈等含铁化合物在降解六氯乙烷、四氯化碳、五氯乙烷、四氯乙烷、三氯乙烷、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯等有机氯化物中的应用以及降解机理     

制备条件对Fe/AC脱硫活性的影响

考察了Fe/AC脱硫剂的煅烧温度和载铁量对脱硫活性的影响，并对脱硫剂进行了X－射线衍射（XRD）和EXAFS表征，结果表明：经250℃煅烧的Fe/AC脱硫剂具有最高的脱硫活性，200℃煅烧，前驱体未完全分解，高于250℃煅烧，会使活性组分聚集，二者均导致脱硫活性降低。Fe/AC脱硫剂适宜的载铁量为3．5－14％，大于14％担载量使脱硫剂微孔堵塞严重，致使其脱硫活性下降。     

17O-NMR研究Al(Ⅲ),Fe(Ⅲ)盐对水缔合的影响

测试了AlCl3,Al2(SO4)3,FeCl3,Fe2(SO4)3等对水的^17O-NMR化学位移和半峰宽的影响。并利用水^17O-NMR化学位移和半峰宽的变化与氢键的关系，分析了AlCl3,Al2(SO4)3。FeCl3,Fe2(SO4)3等对水缔合的影响，研究表明，AlCl3,Al2(SO4)3。FeCl3,Fe2(SO4)3等对水缔合有促进作用。且Fe^3 对水缔合的作用大于Al^3 。     

雷州无瓣海桑群落7种元素的生物累积和循环

在雷州市附城镇岚北人工生态恢复的 7a生无瓣海桑群落生物量调查的基础上 ,对所采集的无瓣海桑进行了植物体各组分样品的灰分和元素含量测定与循环分析 ,结果表明 :无瓣海桑植物体不同组分的灰分含量范围为 2 .2 7%～ 2 6 .4 1% ,以细根的含量最高 ,枯枝的含量最低 .植物体各组分中 7种元素质量分数范围分别为K 0 .11%～ 1.5 6 % ,Na0 .11%～ 1.6 6 % ,Ca 0 .2 0 %～ 2 .6 6 % ,Mg 0 .15 %～ 1.5 9% ,Fe 0 .0 4× 10 -3 ～ 9.6 4× 10 -3 ,Zn 0 .0 5× 10 -4～ 1.0 3× 10 -4,Cu0 .16× 10 -5～ 1.5 0× 10 -5.其加权平均的富集系数为 0 .0 5～ 9.70 ,其中Ca >K >Cu >Na >Mg>Zn >Fe .群落现存生物量中的累积储量分别为K 10 9.76gm-2 ,Ca 138.89gm-2 ,Na 86 .5 7gm-2 ,Mg 81.0 7gm-2 ,Fe 13.139gm-2 ,Zn 0 .4 83gm-2 ,Cu 0 .10 8gm-2 .群落 2 0 0 1年的元素存留累积储量分别为Ca4 1.6 8gm-2 ,K 37.2 4gm-2 ,Mg 2 7.33gm-2 ,Na2 5 .5 6gm-2 ,Fe 4 .2 75gm-2 ,Zn 0 .188gm-2 ,Cu 0 .0 39gm-2 .2 0 0 1年归还量分别为Ca 2 8.5 9gm-2 ,K 16 .83gm-2 ,Mg 12 .0 7gm-2 ,Na 11.5 8gm-2 ,Fe 0 .916gm-2 ,Zn 0 .14 1gm-2 ,Cu 0 .0 2 6gm-2 .年吸收量分别为Ca 70 .2 7gm-2 ,K 5 4 .0 7gm-2 ,Mg 39.4 0gm-2 ,Na 37.1     

超声波/零价铁(US/Fe)协同降解氯酚类化合物的QSPR研究

在同一反应条件下测定US/Fe协同降解6种氯酚类化合物的降解速率常数(κ).采用软件Chemoffice2005内置的MOPAC2002计算氯酚类化合物的分子结构参数,运用偏最小二乘(PLS)回归分析方法,对氯酚类化合物进行定量结构-性质相关(QSPR)研究,得到预测性较好的模型.模型结果显示,影响US/Fe协同降解性能(logK)的主要因素是Vp、Ehomo、logKow、(Elumo-Ehomo)2和Elumo-Ehomo.推测在US/Fe协同体系中:(1)氯酚类化合物的降解反应不是以空化泡内热解反应为主;(2)Fe表面的吸附作用对降解反应起决定影响,且氯酚化合物与·OH的氧化反应占主导作用.