飞机使用环境谱的编制

腐蚀和疲劳是机械部件最常见的失效形式,高温、高湿、盐雾以及较高的化学污染环境对飞机的腐蚀和疲劳产生了严重的影响。飞机的使用环境谱是研究腐蚀环境对机体结构完整性影响的基础。针对海军飞机使用环境的特点以及腐蚀环境对机体结构常用材料腐蚀的影响,飞机的使用环境谱应包括地面停放环境谱、空中使用环境谱、海洋环境谱、加速腐蚀当量环境谱。针对上述4种环境谱,介绍了编制方法以及典型谱例。     

水体有色溶解有机质的研究进展

有色溶解有机质（CDOM）是溶解有机质（DOM）的重要组成部分,它影响着碳的生物地球化学循环,为水生微生物提供重要的碳源和能源。文章介绍了国内外CDOM的研究进展和动态．主要包括CDOM的紫外吸收光谱研究,荧光光谱研究,并对CDOM中主要成分的荧光峰位置及峰值变化、来源进行论述．最后对CDOM的研究重点作了展望。     

胶粘剂中苯系物的测定

建立了GC-MS联用直接分析粘合剂中挥发性有机化合物的方法。主要研究了利用气相色谱/质谱联用技术测定胶粘剂中苯及二甲苯等苯系物,采用全扫描法分析了其组成,选择离子扫描及内标标准曲线法定量分析了胶粘剂中苯、甲苯、二甲苯。并对苯、甲苯及二甲苯进行定量分析,该方法简便、快速,灵敏、重现性好。     

Characteristic of emissive spectrum and the removal of nitric oxide in N2/O2/NO plasma with argon additive

Although the approach using non-thermal plasma (NTP) for deNOx has been studied for over 15 years,how to achieve higher removal efficiency with lower cost is still a barrier for its industrial application.In order to investigate the impact of the argon additive on the electron density,energy and the nitric oxide reduction process in plasma,the spectrum of the dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure in a coaxial reactor was measured using the monochromater with high resolution and the comparative experiments for NO reduction were carried out simultaneously in the N2/O2/NO plasma stream with and without argon,respectively.The nitrogen molecular spectrum which is attributed to the energy level transition (C3πu→B3πg ) was compared in the wavelength range 300-480 nm and the electron density and temperature were determined by the calculation based on the relative intensities and Stark broadening width of spectral lines.The spectrum results indicated that the argon additive could enhance the intensity of emissive spectrum of plasma,thus the electron concentration as well as the energy was increased,and finally prompted the ionization rate to produce active N,O and O3.The results of NO reduction showed that the NO conversion efficiency increased in the range of 10%-30% with 5% addition of argon in stream comparing with the condition without argon additive.This study will play a positive role in the industrial application of dielectric barrier discharge deNOx reactor.     

白腐真菌细胞色素P450的诱导及检测方法研究

以CO结合差光谱为基本检测法,研究了白腐真菌黄孢原毛平革菌中细胞色素P450的诱导和适宜的分离检测方法.结果表明,正己烷对该真菌P450有显著的诱导作用,P450诱导量受正己烷浓度和诱导时间的影响,每小时投加正己烷2μL/mL、诱导6 h可使该真菌微粒体P450比浓度高达140~160 pmol/mg.在此基础上,本研究优化了分离P450时破碎细胞的方法以及光谱法检测P450的条件.破碎细胞时,采用高速分散结合玻璃研磨,比采用玻璃研磨、超声破碎和珠磨等方法分离的微粒体P450含量高1~5倍,是更为适宜的破碎方法.检测CO结合差光谱时,通气和还原条件对P450检测值有显著影响,较适宜的条件为:样品池和对照池分别通入等量的CO和N2,通气流量为3 mL/min(300μL样本),通气时间40 s;通气后投加还原剂低亚硫酸钠,投加浓度为0.4 mol/L.     

废聚氨酯硬泡热处理特性及产物检测分析

利用热重分析仪和管式炉研究了废弃聚氨酯硬泡热处理特性并对热处理产物进行了检测分析。研究结果表明,废聚氨酯硬泡热处理过程呈单一剧烈失重峰,热失重主要发生在200～440℃之间,600℃热分解基本完成;FTIR谱图初步分析发现加热分解过程中有大量CO和CO2产生,且热处理过程中可能有O-H、C-H、C=O及带有苯环的物质生成。通过GC/MS检测分析结果显示热处理液体产物中检出多元醇以及苯胺、p-苯胺、苯甲腈等多种芳香类化合物,气体产物以低碳的烷烃和烯烃为主,可见FTIR和GC/MS分析结果有很好的一致性。研究结果显示,气体产物检测出有机氯化合物,这可能是聚氨酯硬泡生产过程中加入的氟利昂类发泡剂所致。     

悬浮液进样-AAS法测定TSP中锌、铅和铁的含量

用浓硝酸和高氯酸混酸体系在超声波作用下消解滤膜,加入稳定剂琼脂,用超声波震荡15min制成悬浮液,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定TSP中的锌、铅和铁的含量,并以传统浓HNO3-H2O2湿法消解-原子吸收光谱法的测定结果为参考对测定值进行t检验,结果表明:RSD≤3.27%(n=6),两种方法的相对误差<±0.85%,且两种方法无显著性差异,说明悬浮液进样法的测定结果准确、可靠。     

江苏省南通市区酸雨组分分析

简要介绍了2001年-2007年南通市区降水中硫酸根占比44．21％,硝酸根占比15．74％,氟离子占比7．89％;铵离子占比12．26％,钙离子占比11．51%,钠离子占比3．85％;多年阴、阳离子平均占比呈双曲线对称管道,1～4月管道中酸雨频率由高向低,5～9月管道中酸雨频率波动不大,10～12月管道中酸雨频率由低向高;同时酸雨频率由2001年升高到2007年的程度,与阳离子占比下降6．9个百分点,阴离子占比上升6．9个百分点相关。     

工业噪声对脑认知影响的功率谱估计分析

为明确工业噪声对大脑认知的负面影响,采集火电厂球磨机的工业噪声,征集10名在校大学生在90 dB(A)的稳态工业噪声状态下及安静状态下的32导联脑电图(EEG)。采用傅里叶变换方法进行频域分析,提取δ频段、θ频段、α1频段、α2频段和β频段功率谱,并进行统计分析。结果表明:噪声环境与静音环境相比较,被试在δ频段、θ频段功率谱值明显增加,在α1频段内,噪声状态的功率谱值高于静音状态,在α2频段内正好相反。生产性噪声刺激可导致被试注意力分散,可通过各波段功率谱值或比率参数等评估噪声对认知的影响程度大小。     

Determination of alcohol compounds using corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry

Ion mobility spectrometry （IMS） is a very fast, highly sensitive, and inexpensive technique, it permits efficient monitoring of volatile organic compounds like alcohols. In this article, positive ion mobility spectra for six alcohol organic compounds have been systematically studied for the first time using a high-resolution IMS apparatus equipped with a discharge ionization source. Utilizing protonated water cluster ions （H2O）nH^＋ as the reactant ions and clean air as the drift gas, alcohol organic compounds, ethanol, 1- propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol and 2-octanol, all exhibit product ion characteristic peaks in their respective ion mobility spectrometry, that is a result of proton transfer reactions between the alcohols and reaction ions （H2O）nH^＋. The mixture of these alcohols, including two isomers, has been detected, and the results showed that they could be distinguished effectively in the ion mobility spectrum. The reduced mobility values have been determined, which are in very well agreement with the traditional ^63Ni-IMS experimental values. The exponential dilution method was used to calibrate the alcohol concentrations, and a detection limit available for the alcohols is in order of magnitude of a few ng/L.