GC-MS测定土壤中酞酸酯类化合物

采用毛细管柱气相色谱-质谱联用选择离子检测(GC-MS-SIM)技术,结合快速萃取和佛罗里硅土柱净化方法分析土壤中的六种酞酸酯类(PAEs)化合物。结果表明,六种PAEs峰形好,平均加标回收率为76.7%~110%,相对标准偏差为2.5%~4.5%。方法具有操作简便、回收率高、纯化效果好和对环境友好的特点,且具有很强的实用性。     

废气中二氧化硫和硫化氢的气相色谱分析

试验了气相色谱法分离分析废气中高浓度二氧化硫和硫化氢的方法，用高分子多孔微球GDX 502为固定相，2m玻璃柱分离，火焰光度检测器检测，取得了分离效果好、峰形对称、分析速度快的测定效果。对色谱柱进行了选择，并讨论了柱管材质和担体对样品的吸附作用。     

Tissue distribution of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and non-ortho chlorinated biphenyls (non-ortho CBs) in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from Swedish waters

Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and non-ortho chlorinated biphenyls (non-ortho CBs) were analysed in blubber, nuchal fat, liver, muscle, kidney and brain of three male harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the west coast of Sweden. To estimate spatial variation, PCNs and non-ortho CBs were analysed in six blubber samples collected at different anatomical sites of each animal. Highest wet weight concentrations of ΣPCNs were detected in the lipid rich tissues (blubber and nuchal fat) and liver (520–730 and 520 pg/g, respectively) and lowest in brain (22 pg/g). TetraCNs were most abundant in muscle, kidney and brain, while the hexaCNs were most abundant in the lipid rich tissues and liver. The highest lipid weight concentration recorded (11 ng/g) was for the hexaCN congeners no. 66/67 in liver. These coeluting hexaCN congeners accounted for 80–100% of total hexaCNs in all tissues examined.

Concentrations of Σnon-ortho CBs were highest in lipid rich tissues (220–280 pg/g wet weight). Non-ortho CB no. 77 and 169 constituted between 62–86% and 4.9–9.3%, respectively, of total Σnon-ortho CBs. No major variation of Σnon-ortho CB concentrations was found between the six different blubber sites but higher ΣPCN concentrations (wet weight) were found dorsally at the peduncle. Toxic equivalent concentrations (TEQs) showed that non-ortho CB no. 126 was the main contributor to total TEQs in all tissues, except liver in which hexaCN congener nos. 66/67 contributed to about 50% of total TEQs.     

粉煤灰井下填充时PAHs对地下水环境的影响

模拟平煤集团矸石电厂以及焦煤集团演马电厂粉煤灰井下填充过程,设计了静态浸泡和动态淋溶实验,并以固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用方法,测定了溶出液中的16种多环芳烃含量.实验结果表明:溶出液中主要的PAHs物质是萘、苊、芴、菲、蒽,均为4环以下的多环芳烃类物质,其含量较低,其中菲和蒽的总含量较高,说明在粉煤灰井下填充过程中,多环芳烃类污染物能够从粉煤灰中迁移至水体,并对地下水环境造成一定的影响.     

水解酸化-缺氧法处理采油废水的污染物迁移降解试验研究

水解酸化-缺氧法对采油废水有较好的处理效果,采用GC/MS技术对水解酸化-缺氧法处理采油废水过程中污染物的迁移降解进行的研究表明:水解酸化段和缺氧段对采油废水中碳原子为C6～C9、分子量为100～140的有机物均有较好的降解能力.其中,在水解酸化段中酮类、芳烃得到较好的降解,缺氧段中酚类和醚类化合物降解明显.水解酸化-缺氧工艺对于采油废水中的甲苯和二甲苯具有较好的降解能力.     

城市垃圾焚烧炉飞灰中多环芳烃分析研究

报道了气相色谱/质谱分析垃圾焚烧厂飞灰样品中多环芳烃的分析方法和分析结果,建立了气相色谱/质谱分析垃圾焚烧厂飞灰样品中多环芳烃的分析方法。方法的加标回收率基本在80%～110%之间。     

用GC／MS联用分析焦化厂蒸氨废水中的有机物组成

本文对焦化厂蒸氨废水进行了ＧＣ和ＧＣ／ＭＳ联用分析，共鉴定了１４种有机物，其中主要有机物是酚类、吲哚和喹啉，分别占有机物总量的３９５％、２３９％和１７８％。     

一次地下水污染事件的调查

对污染源及受污染地下水的调查首先从污染物的产生特性及嗅味入手，在对被污染地下水周边企业调查的基础上，运用GC/MS联用仪对受污染的地下水进行分析，鉴定出污染物为四氢噻吩，利用气相色谱半定量分析出污染源及地下水中污染物的浓度，最后确定出地下水受污染的原因以及其污染范围。     

农田土壤中辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚降解菌的分离

研究针对采自上海孙桥农业园区8个不同来源的农田表层土壤样品(旱田、水田、大棚中的不同作物土壤),以辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OPEOn)为唯一碳源培养,在好氧条件下,观察其生物降解情况,并初步分离得到了六株OPEOn降解菌株(1个真菌,5个细菌),它们能够不同程度地降解OPEOn,利用气相色谱仪(GC)对降解产物进行了表征和鉴别,分别从3个土壤样品中分离得到的菌株对OPEOn降解得最为彻底,为后续研究工作的深入奠定了生物学基础。     

An improved gas chromatography for rapid measurement of CO2,CH4 and N2O

Combining improved injector, gas line and valve-driving modules, a GC equipped with FID and ECD, could simultaneously measure CH4, CO2 and N2O in an air sample within 4 min. Test results showed that the system has high sensitivity, resolution and precision; the linear response range of the system meets the requirement of in situ flux measurements. Thus, the system is suitable for monitoring fluxes of main greenhouse gases in terrestrial ecosystem since it is easy to use, efficacious, stable and reliable to collect data.