Enhanced photocatalytic activity of rGO/TiO2 for the decomposition of formaldehyde under visible light irradiation

Due to the low concentration of indoor air contaminants,photocatalytic technology shows low efficiency for indoor air purification.The application of TiO_2 for photocatalytic removal of formaldehyde is limited,because TiO_2 can only absorb ultraviolet(UV) light.Immobilization of TiO_2 nanoparticles on the surface of graphene can improve the visible light photocatalytic activity and the adsorption capacity.In this study,rGO(reduced graphene oxide)/TiO_2 was synthesized through a hydrothermal method using titanium tetrabutoxide and graphene oxide as precursors,and was used for the degradation of low concentration formaldehyde in indoor air under visible light illumination.Characterization of the crystalline structure and morphology of rGO/TiO_2 revealed that most GO was reduced to rGO during the hydrothermal treatment,and anatase TiO_2 nanoparticles(with particle size of 15–30 nm) were dispersed well on the surface of the rGO sheets.rGO/TiO_2 exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for degradation of formaldehyde in indoor air and this can be attributed to the role of rGO,which can act as the electron sink and transporter for separating photo-generated electron–hole pairs through interfacial charge transfer.Furthermore,rGO could adsorb formaldehyde molecules from air to produce a high concentration of formaldehyde on the surface of rGO/TiO_2.Under visible light irradiation for 240 min,the concentration of formaldehyde could be reduced to 58.5 ppbV.rGO/TiO_2 showed excellent moisture-resistance behavior,and after five cycles,r GO/TiO_2 maintained high photocatalytic activity for the removal of formaldehyde(84.6%).This work suggests that the synthesized rGO/TiO_2 is a promising photocatalyst for indoor formaldehyde removal.     

Catalytic decomposition performance for O3 and NO2 in humid indoor air on a MnOx/Al2O3 catalyst modified by a cost-effective chemical grafting method

Processes based on non-thermal plasma (NTP) for indoor air treatment inevitably lead to the formation of toxic by-products such as ozone (O₃) and nitrogen oxides (NO_x). Adding a step of heterogeneous catalysis in series with NTP could allow for the decomposition of the by-products. Therefore, different catalysts were developed based on transition metal oxides, such as NiO_x, CoO_x and MnO_x with different weight percentage 1, 5 and 10 wt.%, deposited on a γ-Al₂O₃ support. The O₃ removal efficiency (ORE) and the NO_x removal efficiency (NRE) were very encouraging in dry air: about 65% and 80%, respectively, by using 2 g 5 wt.% MnO_x/Al₂O₃ catalyst under the experimental conditions. However, strongly negative effects of relative humidity (RH) on the catalytic decomposition performance were observed. To overcome this limitation, the catalyst surface was modified to make it hydrophobic using a cost-effective chemical grafting method. This treatment consisted in impregnating the 5 wt.% MnO_x/Al₂O₃ catalyst with different trichloro(alkyl)silanes (TCAS). The effects of different linker lengths and amounts of TCAS for the hydrophobicity and the decomposition performance of surface-modified catalysts under humid conditions were investigated. Our results show that the surface-modified catalyst with the shortest linker and 0.25 mmol/g_cat of modifying agent represents the best catalytic decomposition performance for O₃. Its ORE is 41% at 60% RH, which is twice that of the non-modified catalyst.     

室内箱式变压器结构声污染及对策

通过对置于住宅楼底层室内箱式变压器引起的结构声污染进行调查实测，在对箱式变压器结构声传播进行声学分析基础上，提出了切实可行的防治对策，经实际工程应用验证，效果较好。对机房正上方住房主卧内降噪量为5.0dB，室内夜间噪声降为30.2dB，各层住户夜间烦恼度普遍从非常烦恼或烦恼降为有点烦恼和不大烦恼。这从噪声污染控制的角度证明了变配电房置于住宅楼等噪声敏感建筑物室内底层甚至更高楼层在技术上是可行性的。同时也为杭州市正在试点推广的箱式变压器置于噪声敏感建筑物底层提供了实践依据。     

情景分析法在赣江流域水污染控制规划中的应用

采用在水污染控制规划中有广泛应用的情景分析法，从流域水环境功能分区出发，根据赣江流域各市县的社会经济发展规划和污染源排放量的预测结果，对流域的水污染控制设计了一系列不同的情景方案，首先通过情景水水质模拟和情景经济分析，初选出适用的方案，再运用多目标决策方法，从水质，经费，施工，社会影响等方面进行综合评定，据此定出筛选方案优劣和先后的顺序，并提出赣江流域水污染控制规划的推荐方案，研究表明，情景分析方法对于流域的整体规划的综合性，完整性，可持续性等方面具有着良好的指导意义。     

广州大型购物中心室内空气中PM10、CO和CO2的分布和来源特征

利用便携式测量仪,对广州市大型购物中心室内空气中的PM10、CO和CO2等进行了现场测定.结果表明,室内CO2和PM10浓度偏高.CO2全部超出了我国的室内空气标准,PM10全部超出了国家年平均标准,大部分超出了日平均标准.本文同时对购物中心内不同场所CO、CO2和PM10的浓度水平变化和来源特征进行了分析.     

对GB/T 18883-2002《室内空气质量标准》的几点看法

介绍了GB／T18883—2002《室内空气质量标准》的特点，对标准强制执行的实施主体、项目间的相关性和可操作性进行了讨论。     

室内人造板材制品释放挥发性有机化合物研究

通过对浸渍纸层压木质地板、实木地板、实木复合地板、竹地板、胶合板、细木工板6种共39个人造板材中的挥发性有机物进行定性研究,确定了家用人造板材制品释放的主要挥发性有机物种类,以及人造板材制品中芳香族化合物的主要来源.通过对5间购入新家具的室内环境空气中甲醛、苯、甲苯和总挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)的定量分析,确定了人造板材制品释放挥发性有机化合物的污染水平.研究表明,人造板材释放的挥发性有机化合物以烯烃、芳香族、酯类化合物为主,其中芳香族化合物主要来源于胶合板和细木工板,室内人造板材制品的使用可以使室内环境空气中挥发性有机化合物的质量浓度显著提高.     

室内空气污染对人体健康的危害及预防

论述了室内空气污染的主要指标,列出了沈阳市2003年的室内空气检测结果。阐明室内污染对人体尤其是对孕妇和儿童产生的危害性;并根据国家公布的室内环境标准,提出了消费者在进行室内装修时应采取的预防措施。     

家庭室内空气中细菌浓度分布之分析

对家庭室内空气的细菌浓度,在不同时间段的分布进行了研究分析。采用平皿沉降法,测得结果：清晨７：００为强污染时,晚１９：００为弱污染时。并对居室清扫方式提出建议,以促进生存空间的环境质量的改善。     

室内舒适度评价影响因素的分析

在评价数学模型中引入相似数相似权法,并利用该模型对沈阳市某个装修后的住宅居室进行实例分析,结果表明冬季该居室室内舒适度影响因素贡献程度依次为湿度,苯,受体主观因子,氨,噪声,氡,温度,甲醛,细菌,其中起主导作用的因素是湿度,而且各个因素不是孤立的,它们是相互联系的。