一种模拟动力学边界条件的环境振动试验方法研究

目的提高环境振动试验的可靠性。方法以某典型钛合金蜂窝夹芯壁板试验件为例,提出一种模拟试验件动力学边界条件的试验方法,在试验件周围引入弹性连接件,再通过刚性转接工装与振动台台面连接,以试验件在试验安装状态下的共振频率及振型节线位置为优化目标,以弹性连接件的外形尺寸及厚度为优化变量,对弹性连接件进行优化设计,从而模拟试验件真实的动力学边界条件。结果弹性连接件的优化设计使得试验件在试验安装状态下前两阶共振频率与试验要求相差小于8%,而且振型节线位置与试验要求基本重合,达到了模拟试验件真实动力学边界条件的设计目标。结论对于壁板类试验件,在传统刚性夹具的基础上引入弹性连接件的试验方法,可以较好地模拟试验件真实动力学边界条件,提高环境振动试验的可靠性,并且这种方法对试验费用及试验周期影响较小,具有良好的工程应用前景。     

环境升温过程对常温固化环氧树脂热力学性能的影响

目的提高常温固化环氧树脂体系的高温使用性能。方法采用常温固化剂T31、中温固化剂IPDA以及高温固化剂DDM作为混合固化剂,对E-44型和AG-80型混合环氧树脂体系进行常温固化反应,并分析环境升温过程对固化物热力学性能的影响。通过DMA分析、热变形测量、固化度测试,分别评价室温固化环氧树脂在环境升温过程前后的玻璃化转变温度、热变形量及体系内部的固化反应程度变化,并通过吸水率测试和弯曲强度测试对玻璃纤维布增强常温固化环氧树脂基复合材料的耐湿热性能以及高温条件下的力学性能进行分析。结果环氧树脂常温固化物的tg为85.21℃,经1.5℃/min的平均升温速率加热至90℃之后,该环境升温过程使固化物的固化度增大至92%以上,tg增长为132.06℃的同时热变形温度增大。其复合材料耐湿热性能提高,且100℃时弯曲强度的保持率为65%,对于加热至120℃的环境升温过程,固化物的固化度接近96%,tg增长为144.45℃的同时热变形温度进一步提高,其复合材料耐湿热性能改善程度更加明显,且130℃时弯曲强度保持率仍接近60%。结论常温、中温、高温混合固化剂的合理复配有助于环氧树脂体系在环境升温变化的诱导条件下发生梯度式固化反应,使体系内部的交联固化程度迅速升至较高水平,可以有效提高其玻璃化转变温度,显著改善常温固化环氧树脂体系在高温条件下的热力学性能。     

机载战术导弹挂飞环境地面振动试验方案研究

研究总结了某型机载战术导弹服役过程中所经受的振动激励主要来源,同时研究分析不同激励方式对战术导弹吊耳载荷响应效果的影响,确定该型机载战术导弹振动载荷加载方案。采用理论计算与有限元建模计算分析的方法,分析比较不同激励方式对导弹吊耳载荷响应效果的影响。总结确定了该型机载战术导弹振动载荷的主要来源,通过理论算例和有限元建模计算的方法分别计算了不同激励方式下导弹吊耳的载荷响应,并最终确定了振动载荷加载激励方式。     

大气环境质量综合评价加权灰色关联模型的建立与应用

利用灰色理论建立大气环境质量综合评价加权灰色关联模型 ,运用污染贡献率确定权重系数。与其它评价模型相比 ,加权灰色关联模型还具有排序功能 ,实例表明该模型是简便有效的     

Analysis of pollutant levels in central Hong Kong applying neural network method with particle swarm optimization

Air pollution has emerged as an imminent issue in modernsociety. Prediction of pollutant levels is an importantresearch topic in atmospheric environment today. For fulfillingsuch prediction, the use of neural network (NN), and inparticular the multi-layer perceptrons, has presented to be acost-effective technique superior to traditional statisticalmethods. But their training, usually with back-propagation (BP)algorithm or other gradient algorithms, is often with certaindrawbacks, such as: 1) very slow convergence, and 2) easilygetting stuck in a local minimum. In this paper, a newlydeveloped method, particle swarm optimization (PSO) model, isadopted to train perceptrons, to predict pollutant levels, andas a result, a PSO-based neural network approach is presented. The approach is demonstrated to be feasible and effective bypredicting some real air-quality problems.     

肿瘤病房医用直线加速器对周围环境电离辐射的调查分析

通过对医院肿瘤病房医用直线加速器机房周围环境的电离辐射监测调查 ,并计算分析各相关人群的年有效剂量当量 ,结果低于《辐射防护规定》(GB870 3- 88)中的标准限值。表明医用直线加速器机房的辐射防护设施设计是安全合理的 ,具有重要的现实意义 ,该辐射防护设施具有推广价值。     

略谈淮北市城市景观生态建设

为了保护淮北市城市生态环境，拟利用城市景观生态学原理对该市城市景观进行生态设计，包括城市自然组分、非自然组分设计。自然组分包括种群源、廊道、节点等内容，力争使自然组分成为环境质量的控制性组分，使城市生态良性循环、物种多样并持续存在和流动可达，物质循环、能量流动、信息传递畅通。     

新疆生态功能区划初探

“新疆生态功能区划”参考了“中国综合生态环境区划方案”，以《生态功能区划暂行规程》为依据，充分考虑新疆独特的地理分布格局，将新疆分为5个生态区，18个生态亚区，79个生态功能区。“新疆生态功能区划”对科学有效地管理新疆生态环境，因地制宜地实施保护和治理策略，保证社会经济可持续发展具有重要意义。     

大气环境质量模糊评价的可视化实现

以模糊聚类法为算法基础,运用计算机可视化技术,进行大气环境质量评价初步探索。计算机技术在环境评价中的应用,可以方便数据处理和资源共享。选用武汉市大气环境监测资料,应用该方法评价和分析武汉市大气环境质量,取得了令人满意的结果。     

Economic development and environmental protection: an ecological economics perspective

This paper argues on both theoretical and empirical grounds that, beyond a certain point, there is an unavoidable conflictbetween economic development (generally taken to mean 'materialeconomic growth') and environmental protection. Think for a moment of natural forests, grasslands, marine estuaries, salt marshes, and coral reefs; and of arable soils, aquifers, mineraldeposits, petroleum, and coal. These are all forms of 'natural capital' that represent highly-ordered self-producing ecosystemsor rich accumulations of energy/matter with high use potential (low entropy). Now contemplate despoiled landscapes, eroding farmlands, depleted fisheries, anthropogenic greenhouse gases,acid rain, poisonous mine tailings and toxic synthetic compounds.These all represent disordered systems or degraded forms of energy and matter with little use potential (high entropy). The main thing connecting these two states is human economic activity. Ecological economics interprets the environment-economyrelationship in terms of the second law of thermodynamics. The second law sees economic activity as a dissipative process. Fromthis perspective, the production of economic goods andservices invariably requires the consumption of available energy and matter. To grow and develop, the economynecessarily 'feeds' on sources of high-quality energy/matter first produced by nature. This tends to disorder and homogenizethe ecosphere, The ascendance of humankind has consistently been accompanied by an accelerating rate of ecological degradation, particularly biodiversity loss, the simplificationof natural systems and pollution. In short, contemporary political rhetoric to the contrary, the prevailing growth-oriented global development paradigm is fundamentally incompatible with long-term ecological and social sustainability. Unsustainability is not a technical nor economic problem as usually conceived, but rather a state of systemic incompatibilitybetween a economy that is a fully-contained, growing, dependent sub-system of a non-growing ecosphere. Potential solutions fly inthe face of contemporary development trends and cultural values.