复合过滤法处理生物质焦油废水技术的研究

采用"复合过滤法"处理生物质焦油废水,通过分析生物质焦油废水水质特点,筛选出滤料的种类、确定滤料的配置比,并经实验对比分析。结果表明,经复合过滤法处理后的焦油废水COD、焦油、SS的去除率分别达到54%、60%、68%。该技术工艺简单,运行成本低,管理方便,可广泛用于农村生物质气化站的焦油废水处理。     

航天发射场偏二甲肼废气处理技术的现状和发展趋势

主要对国内外航天发射场偏二甲肼废气处理技术的现状和采用的处理方法进行了评述，并提出了今后的发展趋势．     

在役钢筋混凝土拱桥病害分析和力学性能研究

结合某在役三跨钢筋混凝土拱桥结构的现场检测,对该拱桥结构的静、动力力学性能进行了有限元计算。获得了大桥静载下的变形信息和振动特性信息,为大桥的抗震、抗风分析建立了基础;通过验算荷载对布载最不利位置的检验,全面评估大桥的安全状态;通过静载实测的数值与有限元模型数值的对比,研究了拱桥的力学性能,评估分析了拱桥结构过早出现病害的主要原因,为在役拱桥的安全性评价和健康诊断提供了理论依据。     

农户沼肥还田决策行为及其经济效应评价

论文基于江苏省淮安市和连云港市沼气池使用户调查数据,运用Probit模型考察农户沼肥还田决策行为的影响因素,构建产出供给方程评价农户沼肥还田决策行为的经济效应。结果表明：沼气池使用天数越多、户主年龄越小、户主是村干部或农民专业合作社成员以及人均承包地越多的农户,越倾向于选择沼肥还田,而家庭总资产较少或较多的农户都不愿意选择沼肥还田。控制其他条件,农户沼肥还田可能性每增加1%,单位面积农地产值提高0.07%（10.81 元/hm²）,若研究区域沼气池使用户全部选择沼肥还田,单位面积农地产值将提高356.55元/hm²,具有一定的经济效应,倾向得分匹配方法（PSM）的稳健性分析进一步证实这一结论。目前中国沼肥还田率总体不高且没有规范的沼肥还田管理项目,进而提出鼓励沼气池使用户充分利用沼气池,提高农户沼肥还田积极性的政策建议。     

Emergy algebra: Improving matrix methods for calculating transformities

Transformity is one of the core concepts in Energy Systems Theory and it is fundamental to the calculation of emergy. Accurate evaluation of transformities and other emergy per unit values is essential for the broad acceptance, application and further development of emergy methods. Since the rules for the calculation of emergy are different from those for energy, particular calculation methods and models have been developed for use in the emergy analysis of networks, but double counting errors still occur because of errors in applying these rules when estimating the emergies of feedbacks and co-products. In this paper, configurations of network energy flows were classified into seven types based on commonly occurring combinations of feedbacks, splits, and co-products. A method of structuring the network equations for each type using the rules of emergy algebra, which we called “preconditioning” prior to calculating transformities, was developed to avoid double counting errors in determining the emergy basis for energy flows in the network. The results obtained from previous approaches, the Track Summing Method, the Minimum Eigenvalue Model and the Linear Optimization Model, were reviewed in detail by evaluating a hypothetical system, which included several types of interactions and two inputs. A Matrix Model was introduced to simplify the calculation of transformities and it was also tested using the same hypothetical system. In addition, the Matrix Model was applied to two real case studies, which previously had been analyzed using the existing method and models. Comparison of the three case studies showed that if the preconditioning step to structure the equations was missing, double counting would lead to large errors in the transformity estimates, up to 275 percent for complex flows with feedback and co-product interactions. After preconditioning, the same results were obtained from all methods and models. The Matrix Model reduces the complexity of the Track Summing Method for the analysis of complex systems, and offers a more direct and understandable link between the network diagram and the matrix algebra, compared with the Minimum Eigenvalue Model or the Linear Optimization Model.     

用电解法从富集氰化废液中回收铜的研究

叙述了从富集氰化废液中电解回收铜的试验研究结果。通过电极材料、电流密度、离子共沉积、游离氰、电解时间、温度和极间距等一系列试验,探索电解过程中各项最佳条件,为工业电解提供可靠的工艺参考。      

软煤层综放工作面注水防尘中的工艺问题

以现场注水试验和实验室实验结果为依据,分析并讨论了目前研究甚少而又对注水防尘实施,特别是在软煤层综放工作面实施很重要的工艺问题,提出了适宜的钻孔、封孔、润湿效果考察方法以及表面活性剂应用中的浓度选择、种类选择和应用的必要性评价方法     

环境质量评价中若干评价方法的比较

探讨了目前用于环境质量评价的若干方法－－模糊综合评判法,灰色聚类法,灰关联分析方法及改进形式,物元分析方法及改进形式的共点与异点,指出要推求一种适合环境质量评价实际的方法尚有大量工作要做。     

东莞市近岸海域水环境质量评价及变化趋势分析

采用污染分担率法确定污染因子,应用综合污染指数法对2004~2009年东莞市近岸海域水环境质量进行全面评价,并运用秩相关系数法分析其变化趋势。结果表明：CODMn、磷酸盐、无机氮、汞是影响东莞近岸海域水环境质量的主要因子;东莞市近岸海域水环境质量由上游到下游基本呈现依次下降的特征;从2004~2009年,近岸海域环境质量总体呈现好转的态势。     

Use of the Contingent Valuation Method in the assessment of a landfill mining project

A comprehensive approach for the evaluation of the economic feasibility of landfill mining (LFM) should take into account not only the direct costs and revenues for the private investor, but also the social benefits or costs (generally called externalities), in such a way that projects generating major social benefits (and no significant private revenues) are not overlooked.With a view to contributing to the development of a common framework for the evaluation of LFM projects, this paper presents the results of a case study where the issue of the assessment of social benefits from a LFM project is addressed. In particular, the Contingent Valuation Method is applied for the monetary assessment of the community-perceived benefits from the remediation of an old uncontrolled waste deposit by means of LFM and the conversion of the area into a park.Based on the results of a survey carried out on a random sample of people living near the old landfill, the economic values of the individual willingness to pay (WTP) for LFM and the subsequent creation of a public park were calculated and the correlations with the relevant variables (distance from the landfill site, age, income, sex, education level) assessed. The results were then suitably extended and the monetary value of the welfare increase of the whole population resident in the area and potentially affected both by LFM and the creation of the park was calculated.