负载型固体超强酸催化剂上的烷基化反应

本文利用Ｐｔ／ＳＯ＾２－４／ＺｒＯ２,Ｐｔ／ＷＯ３／ＺｒＯ２负载于大比表面Ａｌ２Ｏ３固体强酸催化剂,进行异丁烷和丁烯的烷基化反应。     

废矿堆中黄铁矿氧化控制新技术--有机盐包膜法

于３０℃时研究了有机盐包膜对湿润和干燥条件下经接氧化亚铁矿杆菌的黄铁矿氧化的控制作用,湿润下经有机盐包膜的矿石样品的氧化程度与对照相比下降了９７．８％;直接添加有机盐的下降了９６．４％,两种淋洗收集液中有关元素的浓度经ＩＣＰ测定明显低于对照。干燥下微生物未能发挥对黄铁矿的氧化作用,但经包膜后的样品与对照相比,氧化程度又下降了７５．２％,这些结果表明,有机盐包膜既有明显的抑制黄铁矿的化学氧化作用,又     

离子色谱法测定大气中的甲磺酸

建立了以玻璃纤维膜-KB120气溶胶采样器采集大气中甲磺酸的采样方法;以0.1mmol·l-1H3BO3/0.1mmol·l-1 Na2B4O7为淋洗液的甲磺酸离子色谱分析方法.分析方法的精密度和准确度分别为5%和4%.并实测了青岛冬季大气气溶胶中MSA,SO2-4和NO-3的平均浓度分别为0.10μg·m-3,30.40μg·m -3和17.98μg·m-3.     

芳香酸稀溶液的络合萃取研究

络合萃取法分离极性有机物稀溶液具有高效性和高选择性。本文利用三辛胺或磷酸三丁酯为络合剂,四氯化碳、三氯甲烷、正辛醇或煤油为稀释剂,实验测定了苯甲酸、邻硝基苯甲酸稀溶液的萃取相平衡分配系数,讨论了影响因素。     

UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定地表水中多种有机污染物

采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法直接进样测定地表水中26种有机污染物,通过优化试验条件,使各目标化合物在1.00μg/L^100μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数(r 2)>0.995,方法检出限为0.003μg/L^1.0μg/L。将该方法用于地表水样的测定,加标回收率为79.0%~120%,6次测定结果的RSD均<15%。     

Biodegradation and phytotoxicity assessment of phenanthrene by biosurfactant-producing Bacillus pumilus 1529 bacteria

ABSTRACT

Phenanthrene is a toxic and mutagenic pollutant that can cause severe environmental and human health issues. The bioremediation of these polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is possible with a biosurfactant by enhancing hydrophobicity. In this study, the production of a biosurfactant by Bacillus pumilus 1529 and its effects on the phenanthrene biodegradation pathway were examined. Biosurfactant production was determined using hemolytic activity, emulsification index, and surface tension. For phenanthrene metabolite detection, samples at 0, 7, 14, and 21 incubation days were analysed by gas chromatography-mass (GC-mass) spectrometry. The results showed that Bacillus pumilus 1529 can reduce surface tension to 22.83?±?1.1?mN?m^?1. Furthermore, the GC-mass spectrometry analysis showed that 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, benzaldehyde, o-phthalic acid, and phenylacetic acid were notable phenanthrene metabolites produced during phenanthrene biodegradation. Biodegraded phenanthrene and its metabolites have a less toxic effect on the germination of safflower seeds than non-biodegraded phenanthrene. The IC50 of phenanthrene on seed germination after biodegradation was increased to approximately 113?mg?L^?1. In general, biodegradation aided by biosurfactant producing bacteria contributed to turning the toxic phenanthrene into less harmful metabolites with lower phytotoxicity effects, indicating that its application in the bioremediation of PAHs is promising.     

Evidence for Atmospheric Deposition Impacts On the Enchytraeid Worm Population of Uk Upland Ombrotrophic Peats

The results of four experiments on acidification effects upon the Enchytraeid worm populations of ombrotrophic peats are reported. in the first, populations were measured in peats from Calluna vulgaris-dominated microcosms collected from along a gradient in N deposition in the UK and subjected for 18 months to simulated precipitation with a solute composition appropriate for their site of collection. There was a significant decline in Enchytraeid population along the N deposition gradient for Calluna-dominant microcosms, but when grasses took over from the Calluna, Enchytraeid numbers increased significantly. in the second experiment, two sets of peat moorland microcosms from a single site, supporting Calluna and Calluna-grass mixed vegetation, were subjected for 12 months to ambient and 2- and 6-times the ambient N deposition. Additional N was added in two forms, as ammonium sulphate and as nitric acid. the high N treatments significantly reduced the Enchytraeid populations for both vegetation types. in a third experiment, the pH preference for the Enchytraeids was assessed using interconnected tubes of peat covering the pH range 2.2-8.7. the preferred pH range after 8 months was 2.7-3.7. in the final experiment, it was found that recolonization with Enchytraeids after initial removal was more rapid under grass dominant vegetation than under Calluna dominant vegetation.     

Morphological features of a case of retinoic acid embryopathy

A case of retinoic acid embryopathy which was retrospectively diagnosed after delivery is presented. The affected fetus was exposed to the drug during the first month of pregnancy and second-trimester sonographic examination showed hydrocephalus and cardiacmalformation. The diagnosis was made on the basis of autopsy findings and genetic enquiry.     

The Structure of Energy Supply for Tissue Adaptation in Small Mammals Differing in Ecological Specialization

Multivariate factor analysis of the data on liver bioenergetics of mountain and forest voles has been performed. The specific features of tissue energy metabolism are best differentiated in the space of characters pertaining to the succinic acid oxidation system. The role of the dominant oxidation substrate in the structure of energy supply for the adaptation of tissue to a set of environmental factors in specialized and widespread species is discussed.     

工业型煤复合粘结剂的研制

根据高聚物相似互溶、扩散渗透原理,采用苎麻黑液、造纸黑液、酒糟废水、淀粉黄浆废水等10种高浓度有机废水(液)作为原料,研制成用于工业型煤的复合粘结剂,使高浓度有机废水(液)得到经济、合理的资源利用。这种粘结剂中含有多种天然高分子物质,可交联成三维空间网状结构,使工业型煤具有较高的机械强度和防潮抗水性能,并同时解决了燃煤和高浓度有机废水(液)的环境污染问题。