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61.
62.
PW—W膜分离式活性污泥法处理中小规模高浓度有机废水 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
阐述PW-W膜分离式活性污泥法处理高浓度有机废水的原理、工艺流程及特点。处理系统集生化处理功能和固液分离于一体,对高浓度有机废水的处理取得了良好的效果,且剩余污泥量少,处理水质稳定,维护管理方便,运行费用低。 相似文献
63.
通过室内模拟试验,在渗滤液回灌的厌氧填埋柱基本进入稳定状态后,改用准好氧运行方式。同时监测了渗滤液中有机物浓度以压温度、pH值的变化。改变模拟垃圾柱的运行方式两个月以后。氨氯浓度由2000mg/L迅速下降至101.48mg/L,试验结果显示,准好氧运行方式可以解决生物反应器填埋场进入稳定阶段后存在的氨氮浓度高的问题,加速填埋场的稳定。 相似文献
64.
65.
Brazil produces approximately 242,000 t of waste per day, 76% of it being dumped outdoors and only 0.9% recycled, including composting, which is an alternative still little known in Brazil. In search of a better destination for residues produced by domestic activities, composting stands as a feasible alternative. Organic compost from waste may be used for various purposes, among which are soil recovery, commercial production, pastures, lawns and reforestry and agriculture. However, the quality of the compost determines the growth and the development of plants. The effect of compost made from urban waste on corn plant (Zea mays L.) growth was investigated. Two types of compost were used: the selected compost (SC), produced from organic waste selectively collected; and the non-selected compost (NSC), taken from a 15-year-old cell from the Canabrava land-fill, located in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil (altitude 51 m, 12°22′–13°08′S, 38°08′–38°47′W). Corn was seeded in polyethylene pots, with soil-compost mixing substrate in the proportion of 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 t ha−1 equivalent doses. Chemical analyses of the compost and growth properties of the plant like chlorophyll content; height and stem diameter; aerial and radicular dry biomasses, were used to evaluate compost quality. Plants cultivated with SC presented a superior gain, being of 52.5% in stem diameter, 71.1 and 81.2% in root and stem biomasses, respectively. Chlorophyl content alterations were observed in plants from treatments using 30 t compost ha−1 dose onwards. Conventional and multivariate statistical methods were used to evaluate these results. The beneficial action of organic compost in plant growth was confirmed with this research. 相似文献
66.
Michelle L. Soupir Saied Mostaghimi Amanda Masters Katherine A. Flahive David H. Vaughan Aida Mendez Phillip W. McClellan 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2004,40(1):53-66
ABSTRACT: Erosion from construction sites significantly affects water quality in receiving streams. A rainfall simulator was used to evaluate the effectiveness of different methods for controlling erosion from construction sites. Erosion control methods investigated included dry and liquid applications of polyacrylamide (PAM), hydroseed, and straw mulch. Fertilizer was also applied to each plot to examine the effectiveness of the methods in reducing nutrient losses in runoff. Runoff samples were analyzed for total suspended solids (TSS), nitrate, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), ammonium, total phosphorus (TP), and orthophosphate. Among all treatments investigated, straw mulch was the most effective treatment for controlling TSS and nutrient losses during short term and long term simulations. The low liquid PAM (half the recommended PAM) treatment resulted in the highest reduction in runoff, TSS bound nitrogen, and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations and loadings. The study results indicate that a high application rate (twice the recommended rate) of PAM could actually increase runoff and TSS losses. At a low application rate, both liquid and dry PAM were effective in reducing TSS and nutrient losses in runoff. However, application of the liquid form of PAM to construction sites is more practical and perhaps more economical than applying the PAM in the dry form. 相似文献
67.
Atsumi Miyake Nobuyoshi Yamada Terushige Ogawa 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2005,18(4-6):380-383
Organic peroxides (POs) have been widely used in chemical industries as initiators of polymerization, hardening or bridge formation agents, and they are known for its self-reactive and also mixing hazard characteristics when mixed with other chemicals such as acids and alkalis. It is the purpose of this investigation to propose a simple but useful evaluation flow of mixing hazards of POs with other chemicals using conventional experimental techniques such as a glass test tube test, Dewar vessel test and DSC is proposed. 7 kinds of POs (DEPD, THP, TBEH, TBTC, MEKPO, DTBP, THHP) were mixed with sulfuric acids with various concentration, sodium hydroxide solutions, -iron(III) oxide and acrylonitrile (AN).
Based on the proposed evaluation flow the testing results were classified into 4 ranks due to the hazard criteria. Futhermore DEPD/acrylonitrile mixtures were investigated in more detail and the influences of the mixing ratio and the stirring speed were discussed. 相似文献
68.
An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is generally used for converting low-grade heat into electricity. In this study, an extensive literature survey was conducted to identify current research gaps on experimental ORC systems. Specifically, there is limited experimental data and limited details on thermal and expander efficiencies of ORC systems. In order to address these gaps, the objective of this study included developing a turbine ORC with a power output exceeding 50 kW and thermal efficiency exceeding 8% for a heat source temperature < 120°C. The experimental results indicated that the system achieved a net power output of 242.5 kW and a thermal efficiency of 8.3% (the highest value for a turbine ORC system for the heat source temperature below 120°C). Thus, the study addressed the gaps identified in the research area of ORCs. 相似文献
69.
竹制填料生物接触氧化工艺处理污染河水简 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对受污染的湖溪河水质特征,以传统弹性塑料填料做对比,研究以竹球和竹丝为填料的生物接触氧化工艺,考察填料的挂膜时间、生物量和污水处理效果;确定连续曝气和间歇曝气时反应器的最优运行工况:连续曝气时为HRT=7.5 h,DO=3 mg/L;间歇曝气时为厌氧1.2 h、好氧6.3 h交替运行。实验结果表明,与弹性塑料填料相比,竹制填料挂膜速度快,竹球填料的水处理效果最好;连续曝气最优工况下竹球填料反应器中COD、TN、NH3-N和TP的平均去除率分别为66.7%、47.9%、57.1%和30.6%;间歇曝气最优工况下竹球填料反应器中COD、TN、NH3-N和TP的平均去除率分别64.08%、39.95%、60.7%和54.68%;竹制填料可替代传统的塑料填料作为生物接触氧化工艺的载体填料。 相似文献
70.
鼠李糖脂洗脱氯丹和灭蚁灵污染场地土壤的工艺参数 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
优化了鼠李糖脂洗脱氯丹、灭蚁灵污染土壤的工艺条件,为开展有机氯农药污染场地土壤洗脱修复工程实践提供科学依据和技术参数。实验结果表明,随着洗脱剂———鼠李糖脂浓度的增加,氯丹和灭蚁灵的洗脱量呈现先增加后降低的趋势;洗脱时间和液固比对洗脱效果的影响趋势与浓度相同;在0~120 r/min范围内,氯丹和灭蚁灵洗脱量随着搅拌速度的增加而增大,80、120和200 r/min的洗脱量间差异不显著;单次洗脱量随洗脱次数的增加而降低,累计洗脱量则逐渐增大。综上所述,氯丹、灭蚁灵污染场地土壤鼠李糖脂洗脱的适宜工艺参数为鼠李糖浓度10 mmol/L,搅拌速度80 r/min,固液比1∶10,洗脱时间20 min,洗脱3次。 相似文献