Exploring the perceived influence of safety management practices on project performance in the construction industry

Although safety management is known to be vital to construction projects, very few studies have solicited views from construction practitioners about their perceptions of which safety management practices (SMPs) are important to construction projects and related to project performance. An empirical study was undertaken in Hong Kong in order to shed more light on this topic. In the study, the importance levels of 15 popular SMPs and five project performance criteria were rated by 232 respondents. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted, and three SMP categories - information, process, and committees - were extracted. Of these three categories, safety management process was perceived by the construction practitioners as being the most important, followed by safety management information and committees. Moreover, the effect of the three SMP categories on a composite project performance variable was tested using hierarchical regression analysis. Results indicate that the “information” and “committees” categories were associated with project performance positively and significantly. One of the major conclusions of the study is that the construction industry has paid relatively less attention to safety management committees, which were empirically analyzed as having a strong perceived impact on project performance. In order to improve project performance, construction companies should promote the criticality of safety management committees.     

特种设备安全绩效与安全监管能力相关性研究

为强化特种设备安全监管,基于组织能力理论,通过文献计量和专家调查等方法,对特种设备安全绩效和安全监管能力的相关指标进行研究,初步确定27项监管能力指标和4项安全绩效指标。采用相关性分析法,选择安全绩效指标中万台设备事故起数作为基准指标,计算该指标与监管能力和安全绩效各指标的Spearman相关系数。在总体趋势上,基准指标与监管能力指标呈现负相关,与安全绩效指标呈现正相关。计算结果表明:可从增加监管资源投入,提高人员素质,严格监管执行过程等方面提高特种设备安全监管能力。     

国家矿井安全生产监管物联网应用示范工程总体设计研究

国家矿井安全生产监管物联网应用示范工程是由国家发展和改革委员会支持、国家安全生产监督管理总局牵头组织,以神华集团有限责任公司、中国中煤能源集团有限公司为具体试点单位的国家级示范工程建设项目,旨在利用物联网技术提高煤矿安全生产预测预警和事故风险防控水平,促进物联网技术在煤矿安全生产领域的推广应用和产业发展,是坚持科学发展安全发展、落实科技兴安战略的重要举措。本文探讨了国家矿井安全生产监管物联网应用示范工程建设的必要性和意义,主要介绍了示范工程建设目标、总体实施方案、总体技术方案和实施技术路线等。     

浅谈长庆油田安全监管分离实践及效果

针对长庆油田油气生产特点,为有效控制安全风险,长庆油田不断摸索适应油田发展需要的安全监督和管理模式,经过五年的实践,建立完善了适应长庆油田的安全监管机制,加强日常油气生产安全监督,完善承包商安全监督和安全监督的监管,为油田发展提供了强有力的保障。     

新形势下对环境统计工作的思考

分析了环境统计工作的定位和内容,以及第二次全国污染源普查、排污许可证与排污税制度、环境质量考核制度给环境统计工作带来的改革契机。针对固定源、城镇生活源与农业面源、移动源,提出了统计调查工作的设想。建议改变环境统计调查焦点,实现污染源统计空间格局"一张图";开拓环境统计分析品牌,推动环境统计方法研究;以政策管理需求为导向,完成环境统计工作体系的重构。     

Parental supervision and discomfort with children walking to school in low-income communities in Cape Town,South Africa

Objective: The risk of pedestrian injury is compounded for children living in low-income communities due to factors such as poor road and pedestrian infrastructure, reliance on walking as a means of transport, and compromised supervision. Parents play an important role in child pedestrian safety. The primary objective of this study was to examine the effects of child pedestrian variables on parental discomfort with regard to letting their child walk to and from school and on the frequency of adult supervision.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample from 3 schools participating in a pedestrian safety school initiative. The schools are situated in low-income, high-risk communities in the City of Cape Town. A parent survey form was translated into isiXhosa and sent home with learners to those parents who had consented to participate. The response rate was 70.4%, and only parents of children who walk to and from school were included in the final sample (n = 359). Child pedestrian variables include the time taken to walk to school, parental rating of the child's ability to safely cross the road, and the frequency of adult supervision.

Results: More than half of parents reported that their child walked to and from school without adult supervision. About 56% of children took less than 20 min to walk to school. Most parents (61%) were uncomfortable with their child walking to school, although the majority of parents (55.7%) rated their child's ability to cross the road safely as better or significantly better than average (compared to peers). The parents did not perceive any differences in pedestrian risk factors between boys and girls or between younger (6–9 years) and older (10–15 years) children. The time spent by a child walking to school and parents' perceptions of their child's road-crossing ability were found to be significant predictors of parental discomfort (in letting their child walk). Younger children and children who spent less time walking were more likely to be supervised by an adult.

Conclusions: Many South African schoolchildren have to navigate the roads without adult supervision from a young age. Caregivers, especially in low-income settings, often have limited options with regard to getting their child to school safely. Regardless of the child's age and gender, the time that they spend on the roads is an important factor for parents in terms of pedestrian safety.     

环境污染治理工程管理对策分析

随着环境问题的日益突出,环境保护以及环境治理越来越迫切,由于造成环境污染问题的因素特别多,在对污染原因没有明确了解的情况下,盲目的着手进行环境污染治理工作,将会很难达到预期的治理效果。因此,作者从环境污染治理工程管理入手,进一步探索导致环境污染问题日益严重的根本原因,并详细分析加强环境污染治理工程管理的有效方略,旨在提高我国环境污染治理工程管理水平。     

区块链技术在安全生产信息化建设中的应用

为了促进安全生产信息化平台在数据方面进行分析以及整合,基于区块链本身的匿名性、去中心化、安全性、开放性以及独立性等优势,提出将区块链技术应用于安全生产信息化建设,研究表明,区块链技术的应用将能够为企业针对生产安全状态进行有效监督提供最大的帮助,最大限度的实现资源共享,为企业监督、政府部门监管提供便利条件,各企业之间就安全问题进行交流沟通,安全评价服务机构针对各企业安全生产存在的问题提供更有针对性的服务,同时对于提升服务效率以及服务质量有着重要现实意义。     

Abusive according to whom? Manager and subordinate perceptions of abusive supervision and supervisors' performance

Recognizing that supervisor–subordinate dyads exist within a broader organizational hierarchy, we examine how the individual's role within the organizational hierarchy influences perceptions of abusive supervision. Specifically, we examine how supervisors' abusive behaviors are perceived by abusive supervisors' managers as well as abusive supervisors' subordinates. Drawing on role theory, we propose that these perceptions will differ. Further, we suggest that these differences will be reflected in different relationships between manager-rated abusive supervision and subordinate-rated abusive supervision and managers' evaluations of supervisor performance. Results from manager–supervisor–subordinate triads indicate differences between managers' and subordinates' view of abusive supervision. Further, managers' perceptions of abuse were related to supervisors' in-role performance, whereas subordinates' perceptions of abuse were related to workgroup performance. In Study 2, we replicate these findings and expand our investigation to an examination of supervisors' contextual performance. Additionally, we examine another contextual characteristic—aggressive climate—and demonstrate it influences how abusive supervision relates to managerial evaluations of supervisor performance. Future research and managerial implications are discussed.     

基于新常态下环境监察执法的难点和重点分析

随着社会经济的发展和人民生活水平的日益提高,广大人民对环境的要求也达到了一个新的高度。在新常态下,如何加强环境监察执法力度与效率、高效解决环境问题、改善生态环境,成为普遍关注的问题。本文从当下环境监察执法工作中的重点与难点出发,分析了新常态下的环境局势,并给出了几点新常态背景下高效开展环境监察执法工作的措施,以期能够改进环境监察执法现状,促进环境问题的早日解决。