中国战略环境评价（SEA）研究进展及发展趋势

自1990年战略环境评价引入中国以来,SEA在中国已经有了很大发展。中国政府已于2002年颁布了《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》（以下称“环评法”）,该法中明确规定了对各级政府制定的规划需要进行SEA。通过运用资料调查和文献分析等方法,针对环评法实施后中国SEA实践和学术研究成果进行分析,并探讨中国SEA主要层次一规划环境影响评价的研究现状,总结发展特点;结合中国国情提出中国SEA发展趋势。     

论公众参与环境影响评价制度

概述了环境影响评价制度的涵义,分析了传统公众参与环境影响评价制度的缺失,并提出解决机制缺失的对策,尤其强调工业生态学理念的重要性。环境评价与环境公共政策的有机结合对于环境影响评价制度的完善有着较强的理论可操作性与实践意义.     

战略环评确定排污总量方法的探讨

针对战略环评中结构和布局具有不确定性的特点,允许排污总量量化的确定比较困难的现实,结合案例分析了允许排污总量与环境容量平衡的评价方法,充分考虑环境容纳能力,通过对容量进行调度,产生对产业结构和工业布局的影响,实现经济、社会和环境协调发展。     

Research on Public Participation and Information Publicity in Strategic Environmental Assessment

Abstract

It has been generally recognized that strategic environmental assessment integrates environment and development into decision-making and becomes an important decision-making tool for implementing sustainable development. This paper firstly introduces the relationships of SEA, public participation(PP)and information publicity(IP), then discusses the key parts in enforcing the effective process of PP: They are the methods for how to make sufficient information open (What), when to implement PP (When), who will determinate the public (Who), and how to make the models of PP (How). Six cases are compared and analyzed. At last, ways to improve the effectiveness of PP in China is also presented.     

Development of a Methodology for Strategic Environmental Assessment: Application to the Assessment of Golf Course Installation Policy in Taiwan

Some countries, including Taiwan, have adopted strategic environmental assessment (SEA) to assess and modify proposed policies, plans, and programs (PPPs) in the planning phase for pursuing sustainable development. However, there were only some sketchy steps focusing on policy assessment in the system of Taiwan. This study aims to develop a methodology for SEA in Taiwan to enhance the effectiveness associated with PPPs. The proposed methodology comprises an SEA procedure involving PPP management and assessment in various phases, a sustainable assessment framework, and an SEA management system. The SEA procedure is devised based on the theoretical considerations by systems thinking and the regulative requirements in Taiwan. The positive and negative impacts on ecology, society, and economy are simultaneously considered in the planning (including policy generation and evaluation), implementation, and control phases of the procedure. This study used the analytic hierarchy process, Delphi technique, and systems analysis to develop a sustainable assessment framework. An SEA management system was built based on geographic information system software to process spatial, attribute, and satellite image data during the assessment procedure. The proposed methodology was applied in the SEA of golf course installation policy in 2001 as a case study, which was the first SEA in Taiwan. Most of the 82 existing golf courses in 2001 were installed on slope lands and caused a serious ecological impact. Assessment results indicated that 15 future golf courses installed on marginal lands (including buffer zones, remedied lands, and wastelands) were acceptable because the comprehensive environmental (ecological, social, and economic) assessment value was better based on environmental characteristics and management regulations of Taiwan. The SEA procedure in the planning phase for this policy was completed but the implementation phase of this policy was not begun because the related legislation procedure could not be arranged due to a few senators’ resistance. A self-review of the control phase was carried out in 2006 using this methodology. Installation permits for 12 courses on slope lands were terminated after 2001 and then 27 future courses could be installed on marginal lands. The assessment value of this policy using the data on ecological, social, and economic conditions from 2006 was higher than that using the data from 2001. The analytical results illustrate that the proposed methodology can be used to effectively and efficiently assist the related authorities for SEA.     

战略环境影响评价及其在我国实施的必要性

本文简要介绍了战略环境影响评价（SEA）的产生，涵义，特点及研究现状，分析了当前我国环境影响评价存在的主要问题，重点论述了SEA在我国实施的必要性，阐明了SEA是实现可持续发展和改善我国环境评价质量的重要手段。     

水环境承载力与战略环评在水电项目中的体现与研究

本文分析了水资源承载力和战略环评的相关概念,以及水利工程对环境的影响.通过对目前水电项目环境影响评价现状进行分析,指出了战略环评在水电项目中将要发挥的重要作用.并且进一步探讨了水电项目环境影响研究的趋势,为今后合理开发水电资源,促进人类社会的可持续发展提供了评价的思路.     

煤矿区规划环评中的大气环境影响预测方法探讨

根据煤矿区规划环评的现状,提出了几种煤矿区规划环评中的大气环境影响预测方法,并将多源叠加的高斯模型法和箱模式法分别应用于榆神矿区和神东矿区的大气环境影响预测中.结果表明,多源叠加的高斯模型法灵活多变,而箱模式简单易行.     

可持续发展目标下环境影响评价(EIA)的新发展

描述了可持续发展的内涵及其特征，分析了传统ＥＩＡ不适应可持续发展目标的弊端，论述了为适应可持续发展目标而带来的传统ＥＩＡ的新发展，战略环境影响评价，累积影响评价以及强化ＥＩＡ中的公众参与。     

基于政策规律的战略环境影响评价

对政策失误环境危害行为的原因和特点，对政策战略评价产生背景，功能进行深刻透彻分析，根据政策与环境相互作用关系，将政策分为以直接作用于环境的政策，以间接作用于环境为主的政策和直接作用及间接作用兼具并重的政策，对每类政策战略环境影响评价原理和方法予以深刻探讨。