关中地区跨断层垂直形变的小波分析

运用小波变换方法分析了跨断层形变观测资料不同尺度的小波变换的细节信号变化特征.研究结果表明:1)不同尺度小波变换分解的细节信号显示出不同的时变特征.当尺度为1时,日均值的细节信号主要为噪声;尺度为2、4时,日均值细节信号主要为非平稳信号;尺度为5、6时,细节信号主要为平稳周期信号;2)每月观测一次和每4月观测一次的跨断层形变资料在尺度为3时的细节信号有较好的年周期特征;3)关中地区垂直形变小波处理结果与测点附近200km左右范围内的中强地震有较好的对应关系,口镇-关山断裂2005年最新资料显示异常,应给予关注.     

用地下水资料探讨渭河盆地及周边地区地震形势

本文用陕、甘、宁、青的地下水前兆观测资料，运用异常系列方法的思路，研究了四省区中强地震的中期前兆指标，并进一步探讨了渭河盆地及周边的地震形势。     

以苛性法软化油田采出水用作锅炉给水的处理新工艺

在应用蒸汽开采重油（稠油）生产中，常因采出水不需回注而带来环境保护上的问题。较适宜的处置方法是将采出水处理后作为发生蒸汽的锅炉给水。而软化具高矿化度的采出水使其符合硬度指标要求极为严格的锅炉用水，是处理工艺中关键技术之一。本文对美国当前在这方面的一般处置方法作了综合性介绍，着重介绍了Belridge油田水软化处理厂采用苛性法和弱离子交换法这一新工艺的成功经验。     

Variations in surface functional groups, carbon chemical state and graphitization degree during thermal deactivation of diesel soot particles

The thermal deactivation of diesel soot particles exerts a significant influence on the control strategy for the regeneration of diesel particulate filters (DPFs). This work focused on the changes in the surface functional groups, carbon chemical state, and graphitization degree during thermal treatment in an inert gas environment at intermediate temperatures of 600°C, 800°C, and 1000°C and explore the chemical species that were desorbed from the diesel soot surface during thermal treatment using a thermogravimetric analyser coupled with a gas-chromatograph mass spectrometer (TGA-GC/MS). The surface functional groups and carbon chemical state were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The graphitization degree was evaluated by means of Raman spectroscopy (RS). The concentrations of aliphatic C–H, C–OH, C=O, and O–C=O groups are reduced for diesel soot and carbon black when increasing the thermal treatment temperature, while the sp²/sp³ hybridized ratio and graphitization degree enhance. These results provide comprehensive evidence of the decreased reactivity of soot samples. Among oxygenated functional groups, the percentage reduction during thermal treatment is the largest for the O–C=O groups owing to its worst thermodynamic stability. TGA-GC/MS results show that the aliphatic and aromatic chains and oxygenated species would be desorbed from the soot surface during 1000°C thermal treatment of diesel soot.     

Characteristics of mercury desorption from sorbents at elevated temperatures

This study investigated the dynamic desorption characteristics of mercury during the thermal treatment of mercury-loaded sorbents at elevated temperatures under fixed-bed operations. Experiments were carried out in a 25.4 mm ID quartz bed enclosed in an electric furnace. Elemental mercury and mercuric chloride were tested with activated carbon and bauxite. The experimental results indicated that mercury desoption from sorbents was strongly affected by the desorption temperature and the mercury–sorbent pair. Elemental mercury was observed to desorb faster than mercuric chloride and activated carbon appeared to have higher desorption limits than bauxite at low temperatures. A kinetic model considering the mechanisms of surface equilibrium, pore diffusion and external mass transfer was proposed to simulate the observed desorption profiles. The model was found to describe reasonably well the experimental results.     

粉尘云最小点火温度测试实验系统设计

通过对Godbert -Greenwald恒温炉分析与改造 ,设计了粉尘云最小点火温度实验装置 ,并建立了相应的测试系统。调试结果表明 ,该实验系统扬尘均匀性、温控精度及结果可重复性能良好     

局部火灾条件下某钢结构屋架的抗火保护研究

本文针对局部火灾条件下钢结构屋架的防火保护问题,结合典型案例提出了一种基于性能计算分析的抗火保护设计评估分析方法.首先通过火灾场景分析及烟气运动模拟计算,得到钢结构屋架所处的热环境,再计算各构件在不同保护条件下的温升及应力分布,并判断构件及结构在不同的保护方式下是否失效,最后得到经济合理的保护区域和防火涂层厚度.该方法可以为类似的局部火灾条件下钢结构抗火保护提供参考.     

Heat shock proteins in Daphnia detected using commercial antibodies: description and responsiveness to thermal stress

It has previously been shown that the level of Daphnia proteins detected by commonly used anti-HSP antibodies, with molecular weights corresponding to those of heat shock proteins, can be modified by various kinds of stress, including the threat of predation. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that these proteins change their expression in response to thermal stress. Thus, it is concluded that Daphnia heat shock proteins, as components of the cellular stress defense, are involved in both, abiotic and biotic stress.