基于提高乙醇产率的常压室温等离子体微藻诱变育种

以普通小球藻FACHB-25为研究对象,利用常压室温等离子体在不同功率条件下对其诱变处理,在功率100W、120W条件下筛选出3株优势藻株,依次编号为S100-7、S120-4、S120-9.其中S120-9藻株培养末期生物量增加明显且多糖产量是原始藻株产量的1.34倍,达到237.98mg/L;S120-4碳水化合物含量占比为37.55%,较原始藻株提高了43.48%.对比了各藻株在光合性能、细胞组分以及细胞形态等方面差异.通过同步糖化发酵（SSF）,碳水化合物含量最高的S120-4藻株乙醇产量达到1.58g/10g藻,但其生物量积累受到限制.考虑生物量积累情况,推算出S120-9藻株单位体积藻液乙醇产量最高达到0.1033g/L.     

生产操作室隔音降噪措施及控制效果的应用研究

通过对石化企业主要噪声源分布、构成情况和生产操作室隔音降噪措施琢控制效果的比较、分析，提出了生产操作室噪声控制和治理的原则、方法和设计方向。     

WDXRF法测定污染土壤和沉积物中金属元素

采用土壤稀释〖CD*2〗波长色散X射线荧光光谱法（WDXRF）测定污染土壤和沉积物样品中的重金属和As,解决了由于元素含量高超出工作曲线测定范围产生较大误差的问题,确保测定结果的有效性。通过标准物质、实际样品的方法比对评估方法的准确度和精密度,该方法测定标准样品中多个无机元素的分析结果均满足国标准确度要求,与常规ICP OES法测定值一致,相对偏差均＜4.5%。     

城区锅炉房噪声控制技术探讨

本文对城区锅炉房噪声的控制技术进行了分析,根据实际城区锅炉房噪声治理经验,对目前治理过程中常出现的问题,设计方案的优化配置进行了讨论。     

锅炉房存在的问题及改进措施

为确保锅炉安全运行 ,对改建的锅炉房存在的问题提出改进措施     

Accumulation, speciation and cellular localization of copper in Sesbania drummondii

Growth, accumulation and intracellular speciation and distribution of copper (Cu) in Sesbania drummondii was studied using scanning-electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). The growth of seedlings was assessed in terms of biomass accumulation. The growth of the seedling was enhanced by 73.5% at a low Cu concentration (50 mg l⁻¹) compared to the control treatment. Additionally, seedling growth was inhibited by 18% at 300 mg l⁻¹ Cu with respect to the control. Copper concentration in roots and shoots was increased with increasing Cu concentration in the growth solution. The accumulation of Cu was found to be higher in roots than in the shoots. At a concentration of 300 mg l⁻¹ Cu, the roots accumulated 27,440 mg Cu kg⁻¹ dry weight (dw) while shoots accumulated 1282 mg Cu kg⁻¹ dw. Seedlings were assessed for photosynthetic activity by measuring chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters: F_v/F_m and F_v/F₀ values. Photosynthetic integrity was not affected by any of the Cu treatments. The X-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) studies showed that Cu was predominantly present as Cu(II) in Sesbania tissue. In addition, from the XAS studies it was shown that the Cu exists in a mixture of different coordination states consisting of Cu bound to sugars and small organic acids with some possible precipitated copper oxide. From the EXAFS studies, the coordination of Cu was determined to have four equatorial oxygen(nitrogen) ligands at 1.96 Å and two axial oxygen ligands at 2.31 Å. Scanning-electron microscopy studies revealed the distribution of Cu within the seedlings tissues, predominantly accumulated in the cortical and vascular (xylem) regions of root tissues. In the stem, most of the Cu was found within the xylem tissue. However, the deposition of Cu within the leaf tissues was in the parenchyma. The present study demonstrates the mechanisms employed by S. drummondii for Cu uptake and its biotransformation.     

Elemental Analysis of Water and Sediments by External Beam Pixe Part 3: Axios (Vardar) River, Greece

The Axios (Vardar) River originates from the south west part of Yugoslavia, transverses Greece, and discharges into the Thermaikos bay in the north Aegean Sea.

The proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method with external beam was used for the elemental analysis of water and sediment samples, while measurements of water temperature, dissolved oxygen content, conductivity, pH, and the water flow were made in situ. Water samples were also analysed for total phosphates, nitrates, chlorophyll, and BOD. The data collected for a 16-month period indicate that the Axios River is polluted as far as the metal content is concerned; its primary productivity is low and it is slightly enriched during its course into the Greek territory.     

Crystallization behavior of predominantly syndiotactic poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)

Predominantly syndiotactic poly(-hydroxybutyrate), syn-PHB, of variable syndioregularity (syndyad fractions 0.59, 0.62, 0.64, and 0.71) and molecular weight was prepared by the dibutyltin dimethoxide catalyzed ring opening of racemic-butyrolactone (BL). The crystallization behavior of the syn-PHB polymers was investigated by DSC and X-ray diffraction analyses. DSC of films after melting and annealing showed at least one, and often two distinct melting transitions occuring over a broad (often 40°C) temperature range. These results indicate that syn-PHB chain segments of variable syndioregularity form crystalline regions with very different thermodynamic stabilities. Maximum degrees of crystallinity for melt annealed 0.64- and 0.71-syn-PHB was observed at an annealing temperature (T _c ) of 30°C. AtT _c values at 45°C and higher, crystallization of relatively lower syndioregular chain segments was apparently excluded to variable degrees dependent onT _c and sample syndiotactic dyad content. After crystallization of syn-PHB samples at elevated temperatures, ambient temperature annealing resulted in an observed lower temperature melting transition at 50°C. This result showed little to no dependence on syn-PHB syndio-regularity andT _c . Both solution precipitated 0.62-syn-PHB and 0.71-syn-PHB have WAXS patterns with poorly resolved crystalline reflections superimposed on amorphous haloes indicating low levels of crystallinity (17% and 25%, respectively) and poorly formed crystals. Isothermal crystallization monitored by DSC showed that the syn- and natural origin PHB showed fastest crystallization rates at temperatures between 50°C and 70°C and 60°C and 90°C, respectively. From the dependence of the higher melting transition onT _c it was determined that the equilibrium melting temperatures for 0.62-syn-PHB (M _n =83,700 g/mol) and a 0.64-syn-PHB (M _n =11,900 g/mol) were 157 and 154°C, respectively. An Avrami analysis of syn-PHB yielded results similar to that found for natural origin PHB indicating that crystal growth occurs by a two-dimensional mechanism.Guest Editor: Dr. Graham Swift, Rohm & Haas.     

噪声源声功率级的半消声室测量方法研究

噪声源声功率级半消声室测量方法已有相应的测量标准，但近年来的研究表明，它是不完善的。本文在半消声室纯音声场研究基础上，探讨了声波干涉对声功率级测量的影响。介绍了利用宽频标准噪声源进行的半消声室与消声室以及声源高度变化时的对比测量。研究结论对于完善测量标准，指导实际测量工作有一定意义。     

Prenatal diagnosis of autosomal recessive osteopetrosis,infantile type,by X-ray evaluation

Prenatal diagnosis for infantile osteopetrosis was attempted during the third pregnancy of a first-cousin marriage whose family history revealed an affected previous child. At the 25th week of pregnancy, fetal X-ray evaluation revealed marked sclerosis of osteopetrotic bone and metaphyseal splaying and clubbing of both femurs. The pregnancy was terminated and repeated X-rays and histopathological examination of fetal bone (femur) confirmed the diagnosis.