煤烟型大气污染解决方法

重点介绍了新型燃煤工艺——水平火焰无烟工业炉及其特点，并提出排烟尾气处理的资源化方案。     

重金属离子在腐殖酸表面的吸附——类颗粒表面吸附模型

本实验用伏安质子滴定法获得重金属离子(Cu~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+))在腐殖酸表面吸附的实验数据,并基于这些数据提出重金属离子在腐殖酸表面的络合模型。模型中引入两个实验常数:反应系数α和竞争反应常数K_H。实验结果表明,这两个常数的实验值在一相当宽的起始溶液条件下基本稳定。基于这两个常数而获得的pH相关吸附等温线和实验数据相当符合。模型中采用了由电位滴定得到的腐殖酸表面羧基浓度作为最大表面基团浓度,并对其质子解离常数进行了表面电荷影响的修正。     

长江口滨岸潮滩无齿相手蟹体内重金属元素的时空分布及其在环境监测中的指示作用

对长江口滨岸带无齿相手蟹体内的重金属元素分析表明:无齿相手蟹体内的Zn、Cr、Ni三种元素季节分布的总体趋势是夏季>春季>秋季。无齿相手蟹对重金属元素的累积也存在着地点间的差异。青龙港、浒浦两地的无齿相手蟹对Cu、Pb、Cr、Ni的累积量都很高,东海农场和崇明东滩的无齿相手蟹对Zn的累积量较高。对无齿相手蟹、沉积物、悬浮颗粒物中的重金属含量分析表明,无齿相手蟹对重金属Cu有一定的富集能力,适于做长江口滨岸带Cu的指示生物。     

An investigation of methods for enriching trophoblast from maternal blood

Trophoblast deportation is known to occur in normal human pregnancy, but it is not yet clear whether these cells routinely enter the maternal peripheral circulation and are available as a source of fetal DNA for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders. To resolve this issue requires an efficient method of enriching trophoblast from maternal blood combined with a means to confirm its identity. Five different techniques were tested on ten retroplacental blood samples to determine the most sensitive and operator-efficient method. Lysis of red cells alone gave the best recovery of trophoblast but had to be discounted, together with Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, due to the very low purity and the excessive time required. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) of pre-enriched trophoblast resulted in the lowest recovery rate (8 per cent) despite a 3250-fold enrichment and a very high purity. Immunomagnetic beads (Dynabeads) coated with anti-CD 16 antibody proved to be the best method for the subsequent immunocytochemical characterization of deported trophoblast. However, IO beads coated with anti-CD45 antibody may be more useful for isolating trophoblast for prenatal diagnosis due to the high purity, enrichment (32-fold), and recovery rate (78 per cent) obtained with this method.     

华南玄武岩红土化过程中微量元素地球化学

广东、海南的玄武岩．在强烈的红土化过程中．元素在红土剖面中发生迁移和残留、贫化和富集。根据红土化过程中元素的地球化学性状，将元素划分为活泼元素和不活泼元素两大类。并首次采用了元素它集因子这个概念来探讨红土化过程中微量元素的地球化学行为。最后讨论了红土化过程小金的表生富集作用。     

Developing sediment quality criteria for heavy metal pollution in the Le An River with equilibrium partitioning approach

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｃｔｉｎｇａｓｒｅｐｏｓｉｔｏｒｙｏｒｓｏｕｒｃｅｏｆｖａｒｉｏｕｓｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｎｔｓｕｎｄｅｒｄｉｆｅｒｅｎｔｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ，ｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｓｍａｙｔｈｒｅａｔｅｎｔｈｅａｑｕａｔｉｃｏｒｇａ...     

Prenatal investigation of a 45,X/46,X,r(?) karyotype in amniocytes using fluorescence in situ hybridization with an X-centromeric probe

The karyotype of cultured amniotic fluid cells obtained on the indication of advanced maternal age was shown to be a mosaic 45,X/46,X,r(?). The small size and banding pattern made it difficult to determine whether the ring was derived from and X or a Y chromosome, or even from an autosome. By using an X-centromeric probe and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we demonstrated the ring to have an X centromere. Thus, a more complete genetic counselling was possible. This confirms the usefulness of FISH in identifying and characterizing this and other chromosome rearrangements in prenatal diagnosis.     

应用GEM法对硫酸工业中重金属污染的研究

为查明硫酸工业中主要重金属的危害以及不同制酸工艺产生的危害差异，对辽宁省主要生产硫酸企业进行了调研，并应用ＭＥＧ法，对矿石原料中重金属的含量进行了数学模型分析．     

正己烷萃取—此外分光光度法测定矿井水中微量油

在进行矿井水中油类分析时，用正己烷作为萃取剂，以工作曲线代替标准曲线，从而使油平均回收率增加到96％以上。并在正己烷用量、水样预处理等测试参数选择上做了条件试验。     

海洋巨藻生物吸附剂对Hg~(2 )吸附性能的研究

就丰产廉价的海洋巨藻(Durvillaea Potatorum)所制的生物吸附剂对Hg2 的吸附性能进行了研究,该生物吸附剂经特殊的稳定化预处理而得。研究表明,该生物吸附剂的Hg2 吸附容量对溶液的pH值十分敏感,在pH=3时,最大吸附容量达到3.1mmol/g(干重),在溶液pH=0.4～5.0的范围内,Hg2 的吸附容量为0.49—3.1mmol/g(干重);溶液中的C1-能显著地降低生物吸附剂对Hg2 的吸附容量;其对Hg2 的去除率可达到99％以上。该生物吸附剂可以有效地去除工业废水中的Hg2 。