碘量法测定水中溶解氧有关问题的探讨及改进

碘量法测定溶解氧时,采用NH3·H2O—KI代替NaOH(KOH)—KI固定溶解氧,用H2SO4—H3PO(41+1)混合酸代替H2SO4溶解沉淀,使沉淀沉降速度加快,分界线明显,沉淀溶解也更完全。同时做样品空白实验,校正了氧化还原性物质产生的干扰,对废水有明显的抗干扰能力。通过对蒸馏水、自来水、池塘水、废水进行溶解氧测定,结果均非常满意。     

An Analogy on Assessment of Urban Air Pollution in Turkey Over the Turn of the Millennium (1992–2001)

Rapid industrialization and urbanization in Turkey, especially over the last twenty five years, has provided better living standards to its residents, but it also caused a decrease in environmental quality. In late 1970's, air quality monitoring activities were started in some major cities by individual researchers in Turkey. It was just around the 1990's that a countrywide program on continuous air pollution monitoring in major province centers and selected large towns was launched. The impact of air pollution on people depend on various factors, such as existence and magnitude of coal powered energy generation plants, type of urban heating and their efficiency, and the numbers and specifications of vehicles. In this study, current Turkish urban air quality over the turn of the Millennium (1992–2001) is studied in the light of the country's worst cities in terms of outdoor air quality, the number of upper respiratory diseases, sinusitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia cases in these provinces reported by the state medical treatment facilities in 2001. The population that is under outdoor urban air pollution hazard was computed. A comparative analysis between the provinces that use natural gas and others that use fossil fuels was also completed in order to project monetary gains if the studied provinces will transform their indoor heating and industrial operations to be run by natural gas or other cleaner energy sources. If natural gas use in air polluted urban centers could be realized in the near future, approximately 212 to 350 million US dollars per annum could to be saved just by reducing health related problems caused by outdoor air pollution.     

Evaluation of thermal hazard characteristics of four low temperature reactive azo compounds under isothermal conditions

The polymerization reaction can lower the threshold of the required energy by the initiator to improve the efficiency of the overall process reaction. Emerging polymerization initiators are also a major focus of process improvement and technological progress. Azo compounds (azos), which used in dyeing applications, are subsequently used in polymerization reactions due to their highly exothermic reaction characteristics. Although higher heat release can promote polymerization and modify the product, heat generation may also cause process hazards.These thermal hazard parameters were studied by selecting dimethyl 2,2′-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (ABVN), 2,2′-azobis(2-methyl propionate) (AIBME), 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionamide) dihydrochloride (AIBA), and 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN), which are common azo initiators at present. Thermal hazards are closely related to the reaction kinetics of the substance itself. The form of the reaction, the apparent activation energy and the thermodynamic parameters of the exothermic mode were also obtained.Kinetic analysis of the actual process using the experimental data of the isothermal calorimetry model is rarely used in the evaluation of related thermal hazard characteristics. The simulation results revealed the kinetic azo models and were further applied to calculate the runaway situations of azo under specific boundary conditions.     

企业环保信用评价政策实施研究

2013年《企业环境信用评价办法(试行)》印发后,各地在健全环保信用评价制度上做了不少探索,一些专家、学者也对企业环保信用评价制度做了一些研究,但针对全国实施情况和地区实施差异性的总体研究和深度总结较少。本文在系统搜集我国31个省、自治区、直辖市所发布的企业环保信用评价政策文件的基础上,从评价范围、评价方法和评价结果等方面对结合地方特点制订的21份文件进行剖析,并对政策实施效果及执行中存在的问题进行总结归纳,最后提出加快立法进度、完善政策体系和强化结果应用等对策建议。     

被动扩散管监测空气中二氧化氮分析方法的改进

利用被动扩散法测定空气中的二氧化氮是最近几年许多发达国家所采用的方法。在二氧化氮（以后以NO2记）被动监测分析方法及Saltzman法的基础上，对所选用的化学试剂及试剂的用量、操作方法等方面进行了改进与研究,实验结果表明用对氨基苯磺酸取代对氨基苯磺酰胺,更具有可操作性、经济性和适用性。     

污染土壤和底泥中可提取态有机卤化物的分析方法研究

选用甲苯／正已烷、丙酮／正已烷两种混合溶剂作为污染土壤和底泥中可提取态有机卤化物的提取剂，与乙酸乙脂作为提取剂进行三种溶剂超声法提取效率的比较，采用微库仑法进行测定方法改进的研究。实验结果表明，采用1：9的丙酮／正乙烷混合溶剂的提取效率较高，其平均回收率与乙酸乙脂法接近，而且回收率范围比乙酸乙脂法波动更小。以1：9的丙酮／正已烷混合溶剂作为提取剂的方法还表明：无机可溶性卤化物对EOX测定不产生干扰，分析方法的最低检出浓度范围为0．1－0．4mg(Cl)/kg，测定范围为0－250．00mg(Cl)/kg，添加标准样品的相对标准偏差为3．38％－5．09％。     

有效实施测量持续改进体系绩效

本文通过广泛探讨和研究HSE管理体系在企业各个层面运作过程中遇到的问题、不足以及取得的经验，归纳出一种能够持续改进体系绩效的方法和手段，即：分解HSE目标、分别确定测量指标和标准，从管理(整体)和作业(局部)两个层面有效实施测量，拓展HSE体系运作空间。     

旋风除尘器改进措施的研究进展

随着国家规定的粉尘排放指标的提高,普通型旋风除尘器的结构已过于陈旧,设备性能很不理想.特别是对于5～10μm细颗粒矿物粉尘的净化效率一般只有60%～90%,而压损高达90～150 mm水柱.因此,国内外很多研究者对普通型旋风除尘器的结构进行了改进.总结了近几年来旋风除尘器在设备方面的一些改进措施,分析了各种改进方案的优缺点,指出并分析了各种改进后的旋风除尘器适合的应用环境及其应用前景,提出了对旋风除尘器进行进一步改进研究的方向.     

对生态环境质量评价技术方法的改进

提出了用单位面积相对COD排放量———即评价区域COD年排放量/(该区域面积×年均降水量)表征COD排放的生态影响,以此对《生态环境质量评价技术规定》(2004年)的生态环境质量评价方法进行了改进。改进后的评价方法中生态环境质量指数及各指标指数具有加和性,即区域EQI(或各指标指数)是以子区面积占区面积比例为权重的子区域分指数的代数和。由此,提供了计划生态区域环境质量指数的方法。     

影响二氧化氯发生器性能的因素及其改进的方法

反应物的浓度及反应压力、反应器的结构等因素均是影响二氧化氯发生器性能的因素，针对这些因素对发生器进行改进，将使其更其有使用价值。