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101.
102.
滇池水华特征及成因分析 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
滇池水华的规模大,持续时间长。水华的主要种类是蓝藻门的微囊藻属,其中以铜绿微囊藻占绝对优势。每年4~11月为水华发生期,常在外草海南部、海埂、灰湾一带形成大面积水华,盛时可遍及全湖,水体表层藻类叶绿素含量高达5 000 mg/m3。滇池水体中高含量的N和P营养物在水华的形成中起着关键作用,适宜的温度及充足的光照为水华的频发提供了有利条件,并且随着滇池富营养化的加剧及水温逐年升高,将促使水华暴发日趋严重。 相似文献
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PZT的EMI技术在土木工程健康监测中的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
PZT(P iezoe lectric-ceram ic)的EM I(E lectro-m echan ica l im pedance)技术以其适于在线监测的诸多优点受到越来越多的关注。本文系统地阐述了PZT的E/M(电-机)耦合特性、PZT与本体结构的相互作用模型、EM I技术的基本原理及其在土木工程中的研究应用。利用PZT的EM I技术进行健康监测是具有广泛应用前景的一种方法,但由于其研究应用的时间不长,目前仍然处于试验室研究阶段,文中对该项技术中尚需解决的几个问题进行了总结。 相似文献
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Habitat fragmentation affects species distribution and abundance, and drives extinctions. Escalated tropical deforestation and fragmentation have confined many species populations to habitat remnants. How worthwhile is it to invest scarce resources in conserving habitat remnants within densely settled production landscapes? Are these fragments fated to lose species anyway? If not, do other ecological, anthropogenic, and species‐related factors mitigate the effect of fragmentation and offer conservation opportunities? We evaluated, using generalized linear models in an information‐theoretic framework, the effect of local‐ and landscape‐scale factors on the richness, abundance, distribution, and local extinction of 6 primate species in 42 lowland tropical rainforest fragments of the Upper Brahmaputra Valley, northeastern India. On average, the forest fragments lost at least one species in the last 30 years but retained half their original species complement. Species richness declined as proportion of habitat lost increased but was not significantly affected by fragment size and isolation. The occurrence of western hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock) and capped langur (Trachypithecus pileatus) in fragments was inversely related to their isolation and loss of habitat, respectively. Fragment area determined stump‐tailed (Macaca arctoides) and northern pig‐tailed macaque occurrence (Macaca leonina). Assamese macaque (Macaca assamensis) distribution was affected negatively by illegal tree felling, and rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) abundance increased as habitat heterogeneity increased. Primate extinction in a fragment was primarily governed by the extent of divergence in its food tree species richness from that in contiguous forests. We suggest the conservation value of these fragments is high because collectively they retained the entire original species pool and individually retained half of it, even a century after fragmentation. Given the extensive habitat and species loss, however, these fragments urgently require protection and active ecological restoration to sustain this rich primate assemblage. Correlaciones Locales y de Paisaje de la Distribución y Persistencia de Primates en los Bosques Lluviosos Remanentes en el Valle del Alto Brahmaputra, Noreste de India 相似文献
108.
不同质量浓度黄菖蒲和狭叶香蒲对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用简 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分别采用黄菖蒲(Iris pseudacorus L.)、狭叶香蒲(Typha angustifolia L.)和铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)共生培养的实验方法研究了不同质量浓度黄菖蒲、狭叶香蒲对铜绿微囊藻的化感作用。结果表明,黄菖蒲在质量浓度大于10 g/L时对初始密度为1.0×107 ind/mL的铜绿微囊藻具有较好的抑制作用,表现为黄菖蒲质量浓度为10、20和40 g/L时,第15天对铜绿微囊藻的抑制率分别为30.1%、51.8%和84.0%;狭叶香蒲在质量浓度大于20 g/L时对铜绿微囊藻有明显的抑制作用,表现为狭叶香蒲质量浓度为20 g/L和40 g/L时,第15天对铜绿微囊藻的抑制率分别为34.2%和77.7%,实验过程中,铜绿微囊藻叶绿素a含量逐渐减少,而藻密度、SOD活性及MDA含量先增加后逐渐降低,表明经过一段时间持续地化感胁迫,黄菖蒲和狭叶香蒲可以诱导铜绿微囊藻产生氧化胁迫,导致细胞结构严重损伤和叶绿素大量分解,从而强烈抑制铜绿微囊藻的生长。 相似文献
109.
P. A. W. Lewis 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1985,21(4):635-644
ABSTRACT: A survey is given of recently developed models for continuous variate non–Gaussian time series. The emphasis is on marginally specific models with given correlation structure. Exponential, Gamma, Weibull, Laplace, Beta and Mixed Exponential models are considered for the marginal distributions of the stationary time series. Most of the models are random coefficient, additive linear models. Some discussion of the meaning of autoregression and linearity is given, as well as suggestions for higher–order linear residual analysis for non–Gaussian models. 相似文献
110.
Detection of a Toxic Product Released by a Polyurethane-Containing Film Using a Composting Test Method Based on a Mineral Bed 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Maurizio Tosin Francesco Degli-Innocenti Catia Bastioli 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1998,6(2):79-90
The degradation of a film containing a 4,4diphenyl methane diisocyanate (MDI) poly(€-caprolactone)-based polyurethane was followed in a test system based on a mineral solid bed designed to facilitate analysis of break-down products released under composting conditions. The use of a mineral solid bed can help extraction and analytical procedures which could be hindered by the heterogeneous nature of compost. The fermentation conditions are typical of the composting environment and generate a powerfully degradative environment. The film fully disintegrated within 30 days of treatment. Analysis on the mineral bed extracts showed that: (i) about 40% of the initial polyurethane was still present in the bed extracts; (ii) this residue was strongly degraded in the poly(€-caprolactone) part, while the urethane part was almost completely recovered (from 80 to 95%, according to the measurement method); (iii) 4,4 diamino diphenyl methane (MDA), a very dangerous product of MDI, was released during biodegradation. The results indicate that a mineral bed can be employed to study degradation and metabolites formation in solid phase fermentation and that the MDI-based polyurethanes are not susceptible of a full degradation during composting and maintain the potential of a slow release of MDA into the environment after soil application. 相似文献